wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Science EOG Practice Questions

Total questions: 89

Worksheet time: 1hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
2.

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

homologous structure

d)

vestigial structure

3.
What would indicate that a series of fossils represent evolution?
a)
the fossils were identical
b)
the fossils were found in the same layers of rock
c)
the fossils show similarities
d)
the fossils were completely different
4.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 
a)
Evolution 
b)
Variation 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection 
5.

Which of the following correctly depicts homologous structures? Choose all that apply.

a)

Similar structure, different function

b)

Different structure, similar function

c)
d)
6.

Which of the following are abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

a)

water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, soil, temperature, sun

b)

sun, plants, animals, air and temperature

c)

temperature, dogs, cats, air and sun

d)

sun, temperature, trees, fungus

7.

How many producers are in this food web?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

2

d)

1

8.
Limiting factors are sometimes helpful because they can keep the population from getting too large.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
If the population of a certain predator increases, there is often _______ its prey
a)
a decrease the population of
b)
an increase of the population of 
c)
great news for its prey of
d)
no  impact found on
10.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
11.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
12.
Fresh water makes up what percent of the Earth's water?
a)
5%
b)
10%
c)
4%
d)
3%
13.
Most of the Fresh water on Earth is
a)
in the ocean
b)
underground
c)
frozen
d)
in rivers
14.
Where fresh water from rivers meets salt water from the ocean.  Also a large nursery for baby animals.
a)
watershed
b)
estuary
c)
wetlands
d)
tributary
15.
Upwelling is the process where warm, nutrient rich water from deep in the ocean rises to the surface.
a)
False
b)
True
16.
Which most likely has the highest number of contaminants in the water?
a)
a water system with moderate turbidity
b)
a water system with high turbidity
c)
a water system with low turbidity
d)
a water system with no turbidity
17.
What is the healthiest combination listed?
a)
low pH, high nitrates, neutral temperature
b)
low temperature, neutral pH and low nitrates
c)
as many nitrates as possible, low temp and low pH
d)
high temp, high nitrates and high pH
18.

Eutrophication is

a)

an increase in the growth of algae due to buildup of nutrients in a lake or pond.

b)

when spores are released in the air and reproduction may begin.

c)

a decrease in the growth of algae due to a buildup of nutrients in a lake or pond.

19.

Ice core

a)

A long cylinder of ice obtained from drilling through ice caps used to study past climates and atmospheres

b)

broken ice chips that are best used to cool grape soda

c)

atoms that don't move and remain electrons when exposed to nuclear physical changes

d)

a lot of reading. Did you read this one too? Good, cause the answer is all about climates and atmosphere

20.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of the organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, not for the population
d)
Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium within a population
21.

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environment?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

homologous structure

d)

vestigial structure

22.
What would indicate that a series of fossils represent evolution?
a)
the fossils were identical
b)
the fossils were found in the same layers of rock
c)
the fossils show similarities
d)
the fossils were completely different
23.
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring? 
a)
Evolution 
b)
Variation 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection 
24.
What does every food chain start with?
a)
producers
b)
sun
c)
consumer
d)
decomposers
25.
What is the only process that removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
combustion
b)
cellular respiration
c)
photosynthesis
d)
decomposition
26.
Which most likely has the highest number of contaminants in the water?
a)
a water system with moderate turbidity
b)
a water system with high turbidity
c)
a water system with low turbidity
d)
a water system with no turbidity
27.

states that younger rock is found above older rock when comparing undisturbed sedimentary rock layers

a)

law of superposition

b)

trace fossil

c)

matter can't be created or destroyed

d)

atoms

28.

A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil

a)

relative dating

b)

absolute dating or radioactive dating

c)

rock layers

d)

index fossils

29.
Which best describes a fossil that helps determine the relative age of a rock layer?
a)
trace fossil
b)
index fossil
c)
radioactive fossil
d)
unconformity fossil
30.
Fossil remains of a trilobite are most likely to be found in which type of rock?
a)
igneous
b)
volcanic
c)
sedimentary
d)
metamorphic
31.
Ice cores are most useful for determining 
a)
the atmospheric composition of the past
b)
the number of species alive in the pas
32.
Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?
a)
Mesozoic 
b)
Paleozoic 
c)
Cenozoic 
d)
Precambrian 
33.
During which era did the earliest dinosaurs appear?
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Precambrian
34.
Name the 4 time frames in order from oldest to youngest.
a)
Precambrian Time, Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic Era
b)
Mesozoic Era, Precambrian time, Cenozoic Era, Paleozoic Era
c)
Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Precambrian Time, Cenozoic
35.
What are the three types of Evidence that supports Alfred Wegener's Theory? 
a)
Fossils, Fish, and Land
b)
Sedimentary, Magma, and Climate
c)
Fossils, Land forms, and Climate
d)
Climate, Land forms, and Metamorphic rock 
36.
Ice cores are most useful for determining 
a)
the atmospheric composition of the past
b)
the number of species alive in the pas
37.
Which is the most recent era of time- the one that we are currently in?
a)
Mesozoic 
b)
Paleozoic 
c)
Cenozoic 
d)
Precambrian 
38.
During which era did the earliest dinosaurs appear?
a)
Cenozoic
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Precambrian
39.

Which of the following correctly lists the layers in order from oldest to youngest?

a)

A, B, C, D, E

b)

E, B, C, D, A

c)

E, D, C, B, A

d)

C, B, A, D, E

40.
What are the three types of Evidence that supports Alfred Wegener's Theory? 
a)
Fossils, Fish, and Land
b)
Sedimentary, Magma, and Climate
c)
Fossils, Land forms, and Climate
d)
Climate, Land forms, and Metamorphic rock 
41.

The diagram below represents the evolutionary history of the horse. Which best accounts for the changes in the horse?

a)

Through artificial selection, larger horses survived and were chosen to reproduce

b)

Through artificial selection, smaller horses were bred out of the gene pool, leaving only larger horses

c)

Through natural selection, favorable adaptions were passed to offspring, allowing for the evolution of the horse

d)

Through natural selection, horses acquired traits that produced changes and then were passed on to their offspring

42.

What best describes mutualism?

a)

Ticks live and feed on dogs and other animals’ blood to survive.

b)

Mushrooms send out long, underground structures which allow them to grow in other areas.

c)

Ants attack animals that try to feed on the acacia tree, and the ants feed on the nectar of the tree.

43.

Which description relates to an abiotic ecosystem factor?

a)

New organisms in the environment rely on favorable weather conditions for survival.

b)

Plants growing in the environment provide a source of shelter for other organisms.

c)

Animals in the environment feed on algae and rich organic material found in the water bed.

44.

A large number of flu cases have developed quickly in North carolina. Health care professionals urge the population of North carolina to receive a flu vaccine. Which explains what they are trying to achieve?

a)

They were trying to prevent the spread of a bacterial pandemic.

b)

They were trying to prevent the spread of a bacterial epidemic.

c)

They were trying to prevent the spread of a viral pandemic.

d)

They were trying to prevent the spread of a viral epidemic.

45.

Which best describes the amount of Earth's total water supply that is usable freshwater?

a)

less than 1%

b)

less than 25%

c)

greater than 50%

d)

greater than 75%

46.

Which is the best example of a pure substance?

a)

peanuts

b)

gold

47.

Which best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?

a)

increasing atomic number from left to right

b)

increasing number of neutrons from left to right

48.

Which best explains why the total mass of the products would be less than the total weight of the reactants after a chemical reaction?

a)

Gases were released into the atmosphere.

b)

Precipitates were created in the new solution.

49.

Which pair of elements has the most similar properties?

a)

Al and F

b)

N and P

50.

If a chemical reaction such as photosynthesis begins with 6 atoms of Carbon (C), how many atoms of Carbon (C) should be in the products?

a)

12 atoms of Carbon (C)

b)

6 atoms of Carbon (C)

51.

Which shows one example of a physical change and one example of a chemical change?

a)

boiling water and shredding paper

b)

freezing water and burning coal

52.

A science teacher mixes calcium chloride and vinegar in a test tube. He passes the test tube around for his students to feel. The students notice that the test tube is hot. The science teacher asks the students to decide if the mixing of the two chemicals involved a physical or chemical change. He also asks the students to justify their answer. Which student gave the correct response?

a)

Student 1: The change was physical because a temperature change occurred.

b)

Student 2. The change was chemical because a temperature change occurred.

c)

Student 3: The change was physical because the two chemicals mixed.

d)

Student 4: The change was chemical because the two chemicals mixed.

53.

How would excessive increases in nitrate and phosphorus concentration affect freshwater systems?

a)

It would cause excessive algal blooms.

b)

It would cause increased dissolved oxygen.

c)

It would cause increased water clarity.

d)

It would cause extremely cold water.

54.

Is a microbe that needs a person or animal to survive. It contains genetic material. Sometimes theses cannot be killed. It causes diseases like flu, common cold, herpes, rabies and ebola.

a)

Bacteria

b)

Virus

c)

Parasite

d)

Fungi

55.

Is a single celled microbe that causes diseases such as strep throat, meningitis, TB, cholera and staph infection. Can multiple quickly in the body. There are good and bad types of these in the body.

a)

Bacteria

b)

Virus

c)

Parasite

d)

Fungi

56.

If Hunter has a bacterial infection such as strep throat, can he take an antibiotic to get rid of it?

a)

Yes because antibiotics only kill bacteria

b)

Yes because antibiotics can kill any microbe

c)

No because antibiotics only kill viruses

d)

No because antibiotics are bad for you

57.

Dead or weakened versions of a disease that our bodies can easily fight off that can give us immunity from the disease is called a

a)

Shot

b)

doctor

c)

vaccine

d)

drug

58.
a tiny, non-living particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell is called
a)
bacteria
b)
a virus
c)
a fungi
d)
ha protist
59.
What is ring worm?
a)
Virus
b)
Bacteria
c)
Fungi
d)
Parasite
60.
What is athlete's foot?
a)
Virus
b)
Bacteria
c)
Fungi
d)
Protist
61.
Which best compares an epidemic and a pandemic?
a)
An epidemic is caused by bacteria, while a pandemic is caused by viruses.
b)
A pandemic is spread by humans, while an epidemic is spread by insects and rodents.
c)
A pandemic occurs in a small region, while an epidemic occurs in a much larger region.
d)
An epidemic affects a small population of humans, while a pandemic affects a large population of humans.
62.
In 1918, an outbreak of influenza infected 500,000 people all over the world. Tens of millions of those infected died. In 1994, an outbreak of pneumonic plague spread quickly through the city of Surat in India, killing 52 people.
Which statement BEST describes the two events?
a)
Both outbreaks were pandemics.
b)
Both outbreaks were epidemics.
c)
The influenza outbreak was a pandemic. The plague outbreak was an epidemic.
d)
The influenza outbreak was an epidemic. The plague outbreak was a pandemic.
63.
A city has an outbreak of a disease that affects an unusually large portion of its population at the same time. Which term BEST describes the outbreak?
a)
pandemic
b)
plague
c)
epidemic
d)
infection
64.
Which of the following contains the genetic code for protein synthesis?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
65.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
66.
Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
67.

Which of the following provides the most energy in the quickest amount of time

a)

an apple

b)

a piece of bread

c)

water

d)

chicken

68.

They give us fuel and energy. They are in pasta, bread and cereal.

a)

carbohydrates

b)

protein

c)

fats

d)

fibre

69.

Which organism go through cellular respiration?

a)

animals

b)

plants

c)

both animals and plants

d)

none

70.

Why did scientists edit the genes of bacteria to produce insulin?

a)

Because the bacteria were diabetic

b)

Because bacteria have simple DNA that is easier to manipulate, making it easy to produce insulin in a lab

c)

Because bacteria's complex DNA was perfect for insulin production

d)

Because insulin has no use outside of a lab setting

71.

Which of the following is the process of using technology to create or modify living things?

a)

Biotechnology

b)

Replication

c)

Transcription

d)

Translation

72.

How are clones different from similar organisms produced through natural selection?

a)

They are selectively bred organisms.

b)

They are biologically similar organism.

c)

They are not living individuals.

d)

They are genetically identical.

73.

3) How can agricultural biotechnology have a positive impact on the environment?

a)

By developing crops that are pest resistant requiring fewer pesticides to be used.

b)

planting crops in shaded areas.

c)

Harvesting crops that have thick stems and leaves.

d)

water crops with a recycled irrigation system.

74.

4) How can using genetically engineered crops impact North Carolina’s economy?

a)

Improve quality of farm equipment.

b)

Decreased availability of productive land.

c)

Decreased food production and more debt for farmers.

d)

Increased food production and income for the farmers.

75.

6) What type of job would a person who studied biotechnology in college be likely to have?

a)

A job making medicines

b)

A job studying stars.

c)

A job studying the physical features on Earth.

76.

12) What would be a negative side of genetically modified foods?

a)

Lower cost of production.

b)

Long-term health effects, such as possible allergies to proteins not found in foods before GMO’s.

c)

Ability to produce more food in less time.

d)

Ability to grow more nutritious food in less time.

77.

17) Rice does not provide enough of certain vitamins. How could biotechnology be used to change this?

a)

Using a high nitrogen fertilzer.

b)

Using herbicide to get rid of weeds.

c)

Genetic modification of rice plants that are pest resistant and to produce vitamins they cannot make without biotechnology

d)

Using pesticide to get rid of pests that can harm the crop.

78.

Which use of biotechnology most benefits North Carolina agriculture?

a)

producing human vaccines

b)

producing disease resistant crops

c)

producing new medicines from bacteria

d)

producing enzymes to eliminate pollutants

79.

They give us energy. They are in butter, oil and cheese.

a)

protein

b)

fats

c)

fibre

d)

carbohydrates

80.

If you look at a Heterogeneous Mixture it will look:

a)

The same every where

b)

Uniform in appearance

c)

Different through out

d)

Red in color

81.

Which is an example of a pure substane

a)

Milk

b)

Chicken Noodle Soup

c)

Sugar

d)

Bronze

82.

Elements combine to make?

a)

Atoms

b)

Mixtures

c)

Compounds

d)

Substances

83.
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state?
a)
Matter cannot be gained or lost in a chemical reaction.
b)
Matter can only be lost in a chemical reaction.
c)
Matter can only be gained in a chemical reaction.
d)
Matter can be gained and lost in a chemical reaction. 
84.
What is the left part of a chemical equation called?
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
a)
Reactants
b)
Products 
c)
Yields 
d)
Chemical Equation 
85.
What is the right part of a chemical equation called...
2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O
a)
Reactants
b)
Products 
c)
Yields 
d)
Chemical Equation 
86.
Is the following equation balanced?...
Al + O2 --> 2Al2O3
a)
Yes!
b)
No!
87.

a unique number for each element that equals the number of protons in an atom of that element

a)

element name

b)

element symbol

c)

atomic number

d)

atomic mass

88.

How many protons are in a sodium atom, Na? (tap to enlarge the periodic table)

a)

Sodium has 1 proton.

b)

Sodium has 3 protons.

c)

Sodium has 11 protons

89.

An element has the mass number 12 and atomic number 6. The number of neutrons in it is:

a)

6

b)

10

c)

4

d)

8