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WorksheetsEndocrine and Nervous Systems
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 39mins
What is a nerve cell?
axon
neuron
dendrite
myelin
Which 2 are parts of the central nervous system?
brain
nose
spinal cord
left big toe
What is the name of the blue structure
axon terminal
dendrite
schwann cell
axon
The main function of the nervous system
send messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to and from the body
break down food to be used by the body
remove wastes from the body
all of these
Which part of the neuron transmits impulses to other neurons?
axon
cell body
dendrite
node
Which of the following is a function of the nervous system?
gathers information
processes information
transmits information
all of the above
Neurotransmitters are either broken down or recycled after use.
True
False
The space between neurons is called the _.
Axon
Dendrite
Soma
Synapse
The neuron that sends a message out is called the _ neuron.
Presynaptic
Postsynaptic
Hormones are released by
Brain
Neuron
Endocrine Gland
Muscle
A junction between two nerve cells; a small gap
synaptic class
synapse
serotonin
bridge
The part of the neuron which houses the neurotransmitters
Dendrites
Terminal buttons
Synaptic Vesicles
Synapse
What 3 things happen to the neurotransmitters when they get released into the synaptic gap?
They diffuse across the synaptic gap
They attach to receptor sites on the post synaptic dendrite via lock and key mechanism
Any left over neurotransmitters gets taken back into pre-synaptic terminal button via re-uptake channels
The axon takes it back in
Signals along the neurons are transmitted...
electrically
chemically
Signals between neurons are transmitted
electrically
chemically
Vesicles are tiny sacs or pouches in the presynaptic cell that contain
sodium ions
neurotransmitter molecules
Schwann cells
Nodes of Ranvier
Which of the following is the function of the endocrine system?
Control all the other body systems
Exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen
Transport nutrients, hormones and wastes through the body
Help the nervous system maintain homeostasis in the body.
Can a hormone affect any cell?
Yes, they affect all cells
No, the cell has to have a matching receptor
Maybe
Depends on the situation
How does a hormone identify its target cell?
protein receptors on the cells surface
it is only sent to its target cell
neurons transmit the hormone signal
glands are the target cell
How do hormones get to their target cells?
nerve impulses
floating in the blood stream
electric and chemical signals
respiration
The purpose of the endocrine system is to
maintain homeostasis by reacting quickly to stimuli
produce substances that protect the body from bacteria
maintain metabolism, growth and development in homeostasis
transport molecules throughout the body
Which gland secretes insulin?
Pancreas
Ovaries
Pituitary
Thymus
Insulin causes
a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose
a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
an increase in the production of glucose from glycogen
a release of adrenaline into the body
Feedback loops are important because they allow organisms and the environment to
change based on new inputs
fall apart
change based on new outputs
maintain balance
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. This is an example of a:
Positive Feedback Loop
Negative Feedback Loop
Which of the following scenarios describes a positive feedback mechanism?
After childbirth, high levels of prolactin induce lactation in the mother. During nursing, infant suckling triggers the release of more prolactin, which further stimulates lactation.
After eating, blood glucose levels rise, stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin causes cells to uptake glucose from the blood, lowering blood glucose levels.
several hours after a meal, blood glucose levels begin to drop, prompting the pancreas to secrete glucagon. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, raising blood glucose levels.
During exercise, an increase in body temperature causes the body to produce sweat. As the sweat vaporizes, the body cools down due to evaporative cooling.
In a negative feedback loop, what happens to a variable (like temperature) when it increases past its normal state?
It continues to increase.
It decreases until it resumes its normal state.
It decreases until it is lower than its normal state.
It does not change.
Rapid growth during puberty causes your body to release more and more growth hormones. As you grow, more and more growth hormones are released until puberty is reached, and then the hormones stop.
Positive feedback
Negative feedback
What is another word that can be used to describe "homeostasis"?
equal
complete
stable
correct
What is the point of a feedback loop?
To provide the body with more energy.
To provide the body with more food.
To make sure the conditions in the body are always changing.
To make sure the conditions in the body remain stable.
Negative feedback loops
amplify processes
prevent small changes from getting larger
are initiated during childbirth
are found only in plants
Homeostasis is described as when the body is
balanced
functioning below capacity
functioning above capacity
metabolising
These two body systems regulate feedback mechanisms.
Skeletal & Muscular
Skeletal & Endocrine
Muscular & Nervous
Endocrine & Nervous
What type of feedback loop is shown?
Positive
Negative
Neutral
The oestrogen levels in girls
are constant each month
change during each month
decrease during each month
increase during each month
Why is the maintenance of homeostasis important to multicellular organisms?
They must keep their internal environment within a narrow range of conditions.
They require the ability to adjust their internal environment to match their external environment
Their cells need to be able to respond rapidly to drastic changes in their external enviornment
Their internal environment must provide their cells with a wide range of conditions
a change in the internal or external environment.
Stimulus
Receptor
Modulator
Effector
Response
A chemical made by glands that gives a message to the cell, or makes the cell respond in some way is called a ______.
carbohydrate
protein
enzyme
hormone
Which condition is necessary for enzymes and hormones to function properly in the human body?
(1) Body temperature must be above 40°C.
(2) These chemicals must be able to replicate.
(3) These chemicals must have a specific shape.
(4) Body pH must be above 10.
A stable steady state where the rate of forward and reverse changes are equal - fluctuates around the normal- set point.
Homeostasis
Tolerance limits
Dynamic equilibrium
Feedback system
The response produced is opposite to the stimulus.
Negative feedback
Positive feedback
Constructive criticism
Irony
A stimulus is reinforced by the response.
Negative feedback
Positive feedback
Constructive criticism
Irony
The diagram illustrates the release of chemical A from a human cell in response to a specific stimulus.
Which cell structure plays a direct role in the release of this chemical from the cell?
nucleus
ribosome
chloroplast
cell membrane
The diagram represents changes that take place within the human body.
The diagram represents
cellular differentiation
dynamic equilibrium
gene interaction
biological evolution
The group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis includes
mammals, only
animals, only
plants and animals
all living things
