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Mendel and the gene idea ca

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The blending hypothesis stated that hereditary material mixed in forming an offspring. Which of the following observations in Mendel's experiment disproves this hypothesis.

a)

P generation plants expressing dominant alleles produced dominant F1 generations.

b)

P generation plants expressing all recessive alleles produced all recessive F1 generations.

c)

P generation plants expressing dominant and recessive alleles produced some recessive F2 generations.

d)

P generation plants expressing dominant and recessive alleles produced some dominant F2 generations.

2.

Given T=tall, t=short; P=purple; p=white. Which genotype is a heterozygous purple, short plant?

a)

pptt

b)

PpTt

c)

PPtt

d)

Pptt

e)

PpTT

3.

The Law of Segregation states that alleles separate during the process of gamete formation. So which individual could contribute two possible different outcomes in gamete formation?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

d)

None of these options are possible.

4.

Homologous chromosomes are found in pairs in a somatic cells. Which of the following characteristics could homologous chromosomes NOT share?

a)

Trait

b)

Shape

c)

Alleles

d)

Size

5.

Based on Mendel's experiments, he crossed a P generation true-breeding green seed (G) with a P generation true-breeding yellow seed (g). Which of the following is true regarding the F1 generation.

a)

All F1 are yellow in color.

b)

All F1 are green in color

c)

All F1 are homozygous yellow.

d)

All F1 are homozygous green.

6.

A student was given a tall pea plant as a gift (T_). Which of the following genotypes would testcross with the plant to determine if the tall plant is homozygous?

a)

TT, heterozygous tall.

b)

Tt, heterozygous tall

c)

TT, homozygous

d)

tt, homozygous

7.

A dog breeder crosses a male black-haired dog (B) with a female white-haired dog (b). 60% of the puppies were black-haired and 40% were white-haired. Which of the following statement(s) are true (mark all that apply).

a)

The male dog is most likely heterozygous.

b)

The female dog is most likely homozygous.

c)

The white-haired puppies genotype is bb.

d)

The black-haired puppies genotype is BB.

8.

Pod shapes of peas can be Smooth (S) or constricted (s). Two heterozygous plants are crossed. Using the punnet square- mark all statements that are true.

a)

The majority of offspring are mostly smooth pod shape.

b)

The phenotypic ratio is 1:2:1

c)

There is a 1/2 chance for the heterozygous genotype.

d)

25% of the genotypes are expected to be true-breeding constricted.

9.

Based on the given Punnett square, mark the correct statement.

a)

This is an example of a monohybrid cross.

b)

The outside letters represent the possible somatic cells

c)

The inside letters represent the possible gametes.

d)

This an example of a dihybrid cross.

10.

What can be determined from a Punnett square? (mark all that apply)

a)

Parents' genotypes

b)

Actual phenotype percentages of offspring

c)

Offsprings' possible phenotypes

d)

Actual genotype percentages of offspring

11.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
12.
What is the genotype for this organism?
(E= 3 eyes, e= 1 eye)
a)
EE
b)
Ee
c)
ee
d)
EE or Ee
13.
Which of the following terms refers to the different possibilities of a gene?
a)
chromosome
b)
DNA
c)
Punnett Squares
d)
allele
14.
If something is heterozygous, it is also...
a)
purebred
b)
hybrid
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
15.
What does a Punnett Square help you do?
a)
Determine the ratio of phenotypes
b)
Determine the ratio of genotypes
c)
Predict possible traits the offspring will have
d)
All of the above
16.
A phenotype is the...
a)
letter combination
b)
dominant gene
c)
recessive gene
d)
physical appearance
17.
Another word for homozygous is...
a)
purebred
b)
hybrid
c)
heterozygous
d)
dominant
18.
 Dominant alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
19.
 Recessive alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
20.
Tt is-
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
none of these
21.
If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?
a)
TT
b)
Tt
c)
tt
d)
tT
22.
One reason for Mendel's success with genetic studies of peas was that he
a)
used only hybrid pea plants
b)
used peas with large chromosomes
c)
studied large numbers of offspring
d)
discovered the sources of variation in peas
23.
A woman with blood genotype I(A)i marries a man with blood genotype I(B)i. What is the probability that they would have a child with type O blood?
a)
1/1
b)
1/2
c)
1/3
d)
1/4
24.
An organism's genetic make-up:
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
25.
What is the cause of some traits "skipping" a generation?
a)
dominant traits
b)
recessive traits
c)
hybrid alleles
d)
homologous chromosomes
26.
When is a recessive allele expressed in offspring?
a)
when two copies are present
b)
when parents have no dominant alleles
c)
when the offspring is heterozygous
d)
when one copy is present
27.
Recessive alleles are represented by:
a)
a ratio
b)
a percentage
c)
capital letters
d)
lower-case letters
28.
Mendel's law of segregation states that during meiosis, the alleles that control each trait separate, and only _________________ from each pair is/are passed to the offspring
a)
one allele
b)
the dominant trait
c)
two alleles
d)
the recessive trait
29.
What do you call the non-Mendelian inheritance pattern that states that neither trait is dominant and the traits appear to blend together?
a)
Codominance
b)
Incomplete dominance
c)
Polygenic traits
d)
Sex-linked traits
30.
What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
31.
Which generation in Mendel's experiments showed a 3:1 ratio of traits?
a)
The second generation offspring
b)
The first generation offspring
c)
The original parents
d)
None of the above
32.
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring is called
a)
cross-pollination
b)
cross-breeding
c)
heredity
d)
genetics
33.
Which of the following is NOT a trait you can inherit?
a)
your athletic ability
b)
your eye color
c)
your hairstyle
d)
your height
34.
Meiosis produces cells with how many chromosomes
a)
44
b)
22
c)
46
d)
23
35.
In which inheritance pattern are heterozygous individuals a blend of the dominant and recessive phenotypes?
a)
sex-linked inheritance
b)
complete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
incomplete dominance
36.

Which of the following is heterozygous?

a)

MM

b)

Mm

c)

mm

37.

Which of the following is homozygous dominant?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

38.

Which of the following is homozygous recessive?

a)

PP

b)

Pp

c)

pp

39.

What term denotes the physical expression of a gene?

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

appearance

d)

homologous

40.

Which term denotes the combination of genes an organism has?

a)

genotpye

b)

phenotype

c)

heterozygous

d)

homozygous

41.

Which term refers to the allele that shows up in the phenotype of a heterozygous genotpye?

a)

invasive

b)

recessive

c)

dominant

d)

passive

42.

Which of these genotypes would most likely be used to represent the dominant for pea plant height?

a)

TT

b)

tt

c)

PP

d)

pp

43.

Which of the following would produce a recessive phenotype?

a)

hh

b)

Rr

c)

Ww

d)

BB

44.

Which of the these is homozygous?

a)

gg

b)

Yy

c)

Nn

d)

Ee

45.

What organism did Mendel study?

a)

pea plants

b)

onions

c)

mice

d)

cats

46.

Which of the following laws claims that alleles will separate during meiosis, one going to half the sex cells, the other allele going to the other half.

a)

Law of Domination

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Speciation

d)

Law of Genetics

47.

What word would be INCORRECT to describe "QQ"

a)

homozygous

b)

dominant

c)

genotype

d)

recessive

48.

If Y (yellow) is the dominant allele for pea plant seed color, which of the following would produce green seeds?

a)

yy

b)

Yy

c)

YY

d)

gg

49.

What are the chances that two white flower (pp) pea plants could produce a purple flower pea plant?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

50.
What did Mendel call the two kinds of traits exhibited by the pea plants (one coming from the father, one from the mother)?
a)
Genesis
b)
Elective traits
c)
Alleles
d)
Quadrants
51.
What do we call the table used to calculate the probability of an offspring's genotype?
a)
Punnett square
b)
Venn diagram
c)
Golden ratio
d)
Fibonacci sequence
52.
Gregor Mendel is known as the father of _________
a)
Modern Medicine
b)
Father of the Green Revolution
c)
Father of Genitics
d)
The Pea Plant Man
53.
Before Mendel how did people think you got your traits
a)
equal from each parent
b)
more from the dad
c)
more from the mom
d)
from a stork
54.
G = dominant green and y = recessive yellow
A fish has a Gy genotype, what will its phenotype be?
a)
yellow
b)
green
c)
greenish-yellow
d)
red
55.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
56.
Which is a true statements about this picture?
a)
Brown is recessive
b)
Brown is dominant
c)
Blue is dominant
d)
Blue is codominant
57.
What are the possible phenotypes in this punnett square?
a)
Bb, bb, BB
b)
purple, white
c)
Bb, bb
d)
light purple
58.

Which of the following refers to the expression of traits by alleles?

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Prototype

59.

Which of the following refers to the pair of alleles?

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Prototype

d)

Bialleleism

60.

What type of inheritance pattern does the diagram represent?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

61.

The two cows on the top are the parents and the cow on the bottom is the offspring. What is the type of inheritance pattern is being exhibited?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

62.

If the image were real, it would represent what type of inheritance pattern?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

63.

What type of inheritance pattern does the image represent?

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Multiple Alleles

d)

Polygenic Inheritance

64.

A roan (RW) bull mated with a red (RR) cow. What is the probability or producing a white (WW) cow?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

100%

d)

0%

65.

Which cross could produce a child with blood type A?

a)

IAi x ii

b)

IAi x IBIB

c)

IAIA x IBIB

d)

IBIB x ii

66.

A single gene has 3 or more alternative forms. These are called

a)

heterozygotes

b)

multiple alleles

c)

epistatic

d)

polygenic

67.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
BB
68.
This is when a trait is controlled by more than one gene.
a)
Multiple alleles
b)
Polygenetic inheritance
c)
Codominance
d)
Incomplete Dominance 
69.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
70.

A woman with curly hair and a man with straight hair produced a child with wavy hair:

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

71.
There are many variations in skin color that can be inherited based on the combination of alleles that you inherit from your mom and dad.  This bell curve distribution is an example of
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic inheritance
72.

Which of the following inheritance patterns explains how a particular version of a regulatory gene can activate or deactivate a gene that controls a particular trait?

a)

codominance

b)

pleiotropy

c)

epistasis

d)

incomplete dominance

73.

A boy with a widow’s peak becomes bald by middle age. The gene for baldness “dominates” the gene for widow’s peak. This is an example of

a)

pleiotropy

b)

dominance

c)

epistasis

d)

nondisjunction

74.

What occurs when one gene affects the expression of another gene?

a)

codominant

b)

pleiotropy

c)

polygenic

d)

epistasis

75.

Epistasis is the interaction between_____________ genes.

a)

2

b)

4

c)

3

d)

16

76.

This is when multiple genes code for a single trait

a)

Polygenic

b)

Pleiotropy

c)

Linked genes

d)

Codominant genes

77.
This pattern of inheritance usually results in a normal bell curve of variation in a given population, like the inheritance of height 
a)
Pleiotropy
b)
Polygenic Inheritance
c)
Multiple alleles
d)
Incomplete Dominance
78.
This pattern of inheritance is when one gene or mutation can have multiple phenotypic effects
a)
Multiple alleles
b)
Polygenic inheritance
c)
Pleiotropy
d)
Codominance
79.

What do you call the trait that is always present and causes the other traits to disappear?

a)

Aggressive Trait

b)

Active Trait

c)

Recessive Trait

d)

Dominant Trait

80.

What type of non-mendelian inheritance does the picture show?

a)

codominance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

sex-linked traits

d)

linked genes

81.

When one allele isn't totally dominant over the recessive allele (heterozygous = an in-between phenotype) it is called ______.

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

codominance

d)

linked genes

82.

When there are 2 dominant alleles for the same gene it is called ______.

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

codominance

d)

sex-linked genes

83.

What type of non-mendelian inheritance shows an intermediate phenotype?

a)

codominance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

sex-linked traits

d)

incomplete dominance

84.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
85.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
86.
How many alleles does an individual have for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
87.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
88.
The different forms of a gene are called
a)
traits
b)
pollinators
c)
alleles
d)
hybrids
89.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
90.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
91.
AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
codominance
d)
polygenic inheritance
92.

This picture shows what the red blood cell of someone with sickle cell anemia. This disorder is carried on the X chromosome and is most common in sub-saharan populations. What type of inheritance pattern must it follow?

a)

codominance

b)

sex-linked inheritance

c)

multiple allele inheritance

d)

incomplete dominance

93.

Which best describes epistasis?

a)

An allele that changes the genotype of another allele

b)

A gene that changes the genotype of another gene

c)

An allele that controls or masks the expression of another allele

d)

A gene that controls or masks the expression of another gene

94.

Labrador retriever's fur color is an example of epistasis. In this case the E gene controls the expression of the B gene. It a puppy was born with the genotype eeBB its fur color would be ________ and if it was born with the genotype EEbb it would be __________

a)

yellow, yellow

b)

yellow, black

c)

chocolate, black

d)

yellow, chocolate

95.

masking is the same as dominance

a)

false

b)

true

96.

An example of a sex-linked trait is

a)

widow's peak

b)

hitchhiker's thumb

c)

red-green color blindness

d)

earlobe attachment

97.
The Himalayan Chinchilla can be different varieties of colors based on inheriting combinations of the  C allele, Cch , or Ch allele
a)
Polygenic Inheritance
b)
Pleiotropy
c)
Codominance 
d)
Multiple Alleles
98.

A roan cow shows codominance in fur color (brown and white). What is the phenotype ratio expected in offspring a female roan and a male roan mate together?

a)

All four would be brown and White

b)

Half would be orange, half would be white

c)

2 Brown: 2 Brown and White: 0 White

d)

1 Brown: 2 Brown and White: 1 White

99.

Which one is not Non -Mendelian inheritance-

a)

Pleitropy

b)

Polygenic Inheritance

c)

Multiple allelism

d)

Complete Dominance

100.

Human skin colour and Human height are examples of-

a)

Pleiotropy

b)

Polygenic inheritance

c)

Codominance

d)

Multiple allelism

101.

Ocassionally a single gene may express more than one effect. This phenomenon is called

a)

multiple allelism

b)

mosaicism

c)

pleiotropy

d)

polygeny

102.
Which type of inheritance is it when the trait for sickle cell anemia affects multiple characters?
a)
polygenic inheritance 
b)
sex-linked traits 
c)
pleiotropy
d)
incomplete dominance
103.
Human height is inherited how?
a)
polygenic inheritance 
b)
pleiotropy 
c)
incomplete dominance 
d)
codominance 
104.

Examples include skin color and height (the individual's phenotype exists somewhere along a spectrum)

a)

polygenic inheritance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

linked genes

d)

incomplete dominance

105.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
106.
What is NOT a possible genotype for someone with type B blood?
a)
BB
b)
AB
c)
BO
107.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
108.
Which term(s) best describes the inheritance of human blood types? 
a)
incomplete dominance and multiple alleles
b)
codominance and epistasis
c)
codominance and multiple alleles
d)
incomplete dominance and codominance
109.

This cow has a color pattern that is due to

a)

a sex linked trait

b)

co dominance

c)

incomplete dominance

110.

Round (R) seed is dominant to wrinkled (r) seed.

Round seed

Wrinkled seed

What are these examples of?

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

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