Free Printable IB Physics

Worksheets

IB Physics

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins

Name

Class

Date

Which of the following is the correct expression for the displacement x?

$-x_0\cdot\cos\ \frac{2\pi}{T}t$

$x_0\cdot\cos\ \frac{2\pi}{T}t$

$-x_0\cdot\sin\ \frac{2\pi}{T}t$

$x_0\cdot\sin\ \frac{2\pi}{T}t$

A mass on the end of a spring is released from rest from an initial displacement A. Its oscillations have total energy E.

Later, the same mass is extended and released from a displacement of 2A. Which of the following gives the correct new time period and new total energy?

Time period T; New energy 4E

Time period T; New energy 2E

Time period $\sqrt{2}T$ ; New energy 4E

Time period $\sqrt{2}T$ ; New energy 2E

A small point mass m is placed at the same distance from two identical fixed spherical masses far from any other masses. The point mass is released from rest. The point mass will....

move upwards.

stay where it is.

move towards P and stop there.

oscillate about point P.

A parallel beam of monochromatic light of wavelength λ passes through a slit of width b. After passing through the slit the light is incident on a distant screen. The angular width of the central maximum is

$2\ \frac{\lambda}{b}$ radians

$\frac{\lambda}{b}$ radians

$2\ \frac{\lambda}{b}$ degrees

$\frac{\lambda}{b}$ degrees

A single-slit diffraction experiment is performed using light of different colours. The width of the central peak in the diffraction pattern is measured for each colour. What is the order of the colours that corresponds to increasing widths of the central peak?

red, green, blue

red, blue, green

blue, green, red

green, blue, red

In a double-slit interference experiment, the following intensity pattern is observed for light of wavelength λ. The distance between the slits is d. What can be deduced about the value of the ratio $\frac{\lambda}{d}$

$\frac{\lambda}{d}$ is 100; the diffraction is non-negligible

$\frac{\lambda}{d}$ is 0.01; the diffraction is non-negligible

$\frac{\lambda}{d}$ is 100; the diffraction is negligible

$\frac{\lambda}{d}$ is 0.01; the diffraction is negligible

A transparent liquid forms a parallel-sided thin film in air.

Reflections from the top and bottom surfaces of the film result in three rays J, K and L. Which of the rays has undergone a phase change of π rad?

J only

J and L only

J and K only

J, K and L

Monochromatic light of wavelength λ in air is incident normally on a thin film of refractive index n. The film is surrounded by air. The intensity of the reflected light is a minimum. What is a possible thickness of the film?

$\frac{\lambda}{4n}$

$\frac{3\lambda}{4n}$

$\frac{\lambda}{n}$

$\frac{5\lambda}{4n}$

According to the Rayleigh criterion, when the diffraction patterns of two slits are just resolved....

the first maximum of one diffraction pattern coincides with the central maximum of the other diffraction pattern.

the central maximum of one diffraction pattern coincides with the central maximum of the other diffraction pattern.

the first minimum of one diffraction pattern coincides with the central maximum of the other diffraction pattern.

the first minimum of one diffraction pattern coincides with the first minimum of the other diffraction pattern.

10.

Two galaxies with an angular separation at the observer
$5.0\times10^{-4}$ radians are observed with a radio telescope. Both galaxies emit radio waves of wavelength $2.5\times10^{-2}$ m.
The images of the galaxies are just resolved by the telescope. The diameter of the circular collecting dish of the telescope is....

61 m

50 m

30 m

25 m

11.

A diffraction grating is used to observe light of wavelength 400 nm. The light illuminates 100 slits of the grating. What is the minimum wavelength difference that can be resolved when the second order of diffraction is viewed?

1 nm

2 nm

4 nm

8 nm

12.

An observer standing a short distance away from the object is able to hear the sound. Which of the following describes the sound the observer is able to hear?

A sound of constant frequency but varying in amplitude

A sound of constantly varying frequency

A sound with a frequency of 50 Hz

A sound with a frequency of 200 Hz

13.

Two lines X and Y in the emission spectrum of hydrogen gas are measured by an observer stationary with respect to the gas sample.

The emission spectrum is then measured by an observer moving away from the gas sample.

What are the correct shifts X* and Y* for spectral lines X and Y?

14.

A train moving at speed u relative to the ground, sounds a whistle of constant frequency f as it moves towards a vertical cliff face. The sound from the whistle reaches the cliff face and is reflected back to the train. The speed of sound in stationary air is c.

What whistle frequency is observed on the train after the reflection?

$\frac{\left(c+u\right)}{\left(c-u\right)}f$

$\left(c+u\right)f$

$\left(c-u\right)f$

$\frac{\left(c-u\right)}{\left(c+u\right)}f$

15.

The unit of energy density of a fuel is

J m^–2.

J m^–3.

J kg^–1.

kg J^–1.

16.

Which of the following is the best estimate for the overall efficiency of a typical coal power station?

30%

60%

90%

17.

Global warming reduces the ice and snow cover on Earth. Which of the following correctly describes the changes in albedo and rate of energy absorption by Earth?

18.

Greenhouse gases

reflect infrared radiation but absorb ultraviolet radiation.

reflect ultraviolet radiation but absorb infrared radiation.

transmit infrared radiation but absorb ultraviolet radiation.

transmit ultraviolet radiation but absorb infrared radiation.

19.

The graph shows the emission spectrum for a black body at absolute temperature T₁.
Which graph shows the emission spectrum for the same black body at an absolute temperature T₂ where T₂ > T₁? The original graph is shown as a dotted line.

20.

What is increased in a sample of uranium ore when nuclear fuel is enriched?

21.

A metal sphere X of radius R has an equilibrium surface temperature T. Another sphere Y made of the same metal has a radius R/2 and an equilibrium surface temperature 2T. What is the value of the ratio shown below?

0.5

0.25

22.

What is the main role of the control rods and the main role of the moderator in a thermal fission reactor?

23.

The surface temperature of a black-body emitter is doubled. By what factor does the power emitted by the body increase?

24.

A black body of surface 1.0 m² emits electromagnetic radiation of peak wavelength 2.90 × 10^–6 m. Which of the following statements about the body are correct?
I. The temperature of the body is 1000 K.
II. The energy radiated by the body in one second is 5.7 × 10⁴ J.
III. The body is a perfect absorber of electromagnetic radiation.

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I, II and III

25.

A solar panel has surface area 0.40 m² and efficiency 50%. The average intensity of radiation reaching the surface of the panel is 0.25 kWm^–2. What is the average power output from an array of 10 of these solar panels?

0.5 W

5.0 W

50 W

500 W

26.

The energy levels for an atom are shown to scale. A photon of wavelength λ is emitted because of a transition from E3 to E2. Which transition leads to the emission of a photon of longer wavelength?

A. E4 to E1

B. E4 to E3

C. E3 to E1

D. E2 to E1

27.

A proton, an electron and an alpha particle are at rest. Which particle has the smallest magnitude of ratio of charge to mass and which particle has the largest magnitude of ratio of charge to mass?

28.

X is a radioactive nuclide that decays to a stable nuclide. The activity of X falls to 1/16th of its original value in 32 s.What is the half-life of X?

A. 2 s

B. 4 s

C. 8 s

D. 16 s

29.

What is correct about the nature and range of the strong interaction between nuclear particles?

A. It is attractive at all particle separations.

B. It is attractive for particle separations between 0.7 fm and 3 fm.

C. It is repulsive for particle separations greater than 3 fm.

D. It is repulsive at all particle separations.

30.

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31.

The positions of stable nuclei are plotted by neutron number n and proton number p. The graph indicates a dotted line for which n = p. Which graph shows the line of stable nuclides and the shaded region where unstable nuclei emit beta minus (β-) particles?

32.

A neutron collides head-on with a stationary atom in the moderator of a nuclear power station. The kinetic energy of the neutron changes as a result. There is also a change in the probability that this neutron can cause nuclear fission.

What are these changes?

33.

A mass m of ice at a temperature of –5 °C is changed into water at a temperature of 50 °C.

Specific heat capacity of ice = c_i

Specific heat capacity of water = c_w

Specific latent heat of fusion of ice = L

Which expression gives the energy needed for this change to occur?

55 m c_w + m L

55 m c_i + 5 m L

5 m c_i + 50 m c_w + m L

5 m c_i + 50 m c_w + 5 m L

34.

A liquid is initially at its freezing point. Energy is removed at a uniform rate from the liquid until it freezes completely.

Which graph shows how the temperature T of the liquid varies with the energy Q removed from the liquid?

35.

Energy is supplied at a constant rate to a fixed mass of a material. The material begins as a solid. The graph shows the variation of the temperature of the material with time.

The specific heat capacities of the solid, liquid and gaseous forms of the material are c_s c_l and c_g respectively. What can be deduced about the values of c_s c_l and c_g?

c_s > c_g > c_l

c_l > c_s > c_g

c_l > c_g > c_s

c_g > c_s > c_l

36.

A pure solid is heated at its melting point. While it is melting the

mean kinetic energy of the molecules of the solid increases.

mean potential energy of the molecules of the solid increases.

temperature of the solid increases.

temperature of the solid decreases.

37.

A sealed cylinder of length l and cross-sectional area A contains N molecules of an ideal gas at kelvin temperature T.

What is the force acting on the area of the cylinder marked A due to the gas?

$\frac{NRT}{l}$

$\frac{NRT}{lA}$

$\frac{Nk_BT}{lA}$

$\frac{Nk_BT}{l}$

38.

A fixed mass of an ideal gas is trapped in a cylinder of constant volume and its temperature is varied. Which graph shows the variation of the pressure of the gas with temperature in degrees Celsius?

39.

A fixed mass of an ideal gas in a closed container with a movable piston initially occupies a volume V. The position of the piston is changed, so that the mean kinetic energy of the particles in the gas is doubled and the pressure remains constant.

What is the new volume of the gas?

$\frac{V}{4}$

$\frac{V}{2}$

$2V$

$4V$

40.

Under what conditions of density and pressure is a real gas best described by the equation of state for an ideal gas?

Low density and low pressure

Low density and high pressure

High density and low pressure

High density and high pressure

41.

Which of the following is not an assumption of the kinetic model of ideal gases?

All particles in the gas have the same mass.

All particles in the gas have the same speed.

The duration of collisions between particles is very short.

Collisions with the walls of the container are elastic.

42.

An ideal gas is contained in a thermally insulated cylinder by a freely moving piston.

The gas is compressed by the piston and as a result the temperature of the gas increases. What is the explanation for the temperature rise?

The rate of collision between the molecules increases.

Energy is transferred to the molecules by the moving piston.

The molecules of the gas are pushed closer together.

The rate of collision between the molecules and the walls of the cylinder increases.

43.

A cyclist is travelling due south with velocity u. The wind is blowing from the north-east with velocity w. cyclist u wind The wind has a velocity v relative to the cyclist, where v = w – u.
Which vector diagram shows the magnitude and direction of velocity v?

44.

A lift (elevator) consists of a passenger car supported by a cable which runs over a light, frictionless pulley to a balancing weight. The balancing weight falls as the passenger car rises.
What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the car when carrying just one passenger and when the pulley is free to rotate?

0.032 ms^–2

0.32 ms^–2

0.6 ms^–2

0.65 ms^–2

45.

A wooden block rests on a rough board. The end of the board is then raised until the block slides down the plane of the board at constant velocity v.
Which row describes the forces acting on the block when sliding with constant velocity?

46.

The diagram shows an arrangement used to find the output power of an electric motor. The wheel attached to the motor’s axle has a circumference of 0.5 m and the belt which passes over it is stationary when the weights have the values shown.
If the wheel is making 20 revolutions per second, what is the output power of the motor?

300 W

500 W

600 W

700 W

47.

A ball is dropped from rest at time t = 0 on to a horizontal surface from which it rebounds. Which one of the following graphs best shows the variation of speed v of the ball with time t from the time t = 0 to the time that the ball leaves the surface?

48.

A block rests on a rough horizontal plane and a force P is applied to the block as shown.
The normal reaction between the plane and the block is N and the frictional force between the block and the plane is F. The coefficient of static friction between the block and the plane is μS and initially P is zero.
As P is increased in value, which one of the following statements is true concerning the relationship between F, N and μS ?

F is always equal to μ_SN

F is always greater than μ_SN

F is always less than μ_SN

F can be equal to μ_SN

49.

An electric train develops a power of 1.0 MW when travelling at a constant speed of 50ms⁻¹. The net resistive force acting on the train is . . . .

50 MN

200 kN

20 kN

200 N

50.

An electron of low energy is enclosed within a high potential barrier. What is the process by which the electron can escape?

Quantum tunneling

Energy–mass conversion

Diffraction

Barrier climbing

51.

A beam of monochromatic radiation is made up of photons each of momentum p. The intensity of the beam is doubled without changing frequency. What is the momentum of each photon after the change?

p/2

52.

Three observations of the behaviour of electrons are

I. electron emission as a result of the photoelectric effect

II. electron diffraction as an electron interacts with an atom

III. emission of radio waves as a result of electrons oscillating in a conductor.

Which observations are evidence that the electron behaves as a particle?

I and II only

I and III only

II and III only

I, II and III

53.

A particle is confined within a nucleus. What is the order of magnitude of the uncertainty in the momentum of the particle?

10^–10 N s

10^–15 N s

10^–20 N s

10^–25 N s

54.

When green light is incident on a clean zinc plate no photoelectrons are emitted. What change may cause the emission of photoelectrons?

Using a metal plate with larger work function

Changing the angle of incidence of the green light on the zinc plate

Using shorter wavelength radiation

Increasing the intensity of the green light

55.

A photoelectric cell is connected in series with a battery of emf 2 V. Photons of energy 6 eV are incident on the cathode of the photoelectric cell. The work function of the surface of the cathode is 3 eV. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons that reach the anode?

1 eV

3 eV

5 eV

8 eV

56.

magnetic flux density = 0.45 T, current = 1.37 A, length = 1.9 m, force on a conductor carrying a current = ?

0.0851

1.17

0.317

0.106

57.

A straight wire carrying a 9.0 A current is in a uniform magnetic field oriented at right angles to the wire. When 75 cm of wire is in the field, the force on the wire is 1.2 N. What is the strength of the magnetic field (B)? HINT: F=I.L.B

= 0.18 N

= 0.18 T

= 0.18 Cm

= 0.18

58.

A particle of charge +Q moving with speed v₀ enters a region of constant magnetic field B directed into the page, as shown above. The initial direction and magnitude of the acceleration of the particle as it enters the magnetic field is toward the

bottom of the page and proportional to B

bottom of the page and proportional to v₀

top of the page and inversely proportional to v₀

top of the page and inversely proportional to B

top of the page and proportional to both B and v₀

59.

Two capacitors of 3 μF and 6 μF are connected in series and charged using a 9 V battery.

What charge is stored on each capacitor?

60.

Three identical capacitors, each of capacitance C, are connected as shown.

What is the total capacitance of the combination?

2/3 C

3/2 C

61.

A parallel plate capacitor is connected to a cell of negligible internal resistance.

The energy stored in the capacitor is 4 J and the electric field in between the plates is 100 N C–1. The distance between the plates of the capacitor is doubled. What are the energy stored and the electric field strength?

62.

Capacitance of a capacitor is defined as the:

ability to store electrical charge.

ratio of charge stored to potential difference.

ratio of potential difference to charge stored.

ratio of work done to charged stored.

63.

A fully charged capacitor is connected to a resistor. When the switch is closed the capacitor will discharge through the resistor.

Which graphs correctly show how the charge on the capacitor and the current in the circuit vary with time during the discharging of the capacitor?

64.

Two cells each of emf 9.0 V and internal resistance 3.0 Ω are connected in series. A 12.0 Ω resistor is connected in series to the cells. What is the current in the resistor?

A. 0.50 A

B. 0.75 A

C. 1.0 A

D. 1.5 A

65.

Charge flows through a liquid. The charge flow is made up of positive and negative ions. In one second 0.10 C of negative ions flow in one direction and 0.10 C of positive ions flow in the opposite direction.

What is the magnitude of the electric current flowing through the liquid?

A. 0 A

B. 0.05 A

C. 0.10 A

D. 0.20 A

66.

A. 3.0 V

B. 4.0 V

C. 8.0 V

D. 9.0 V

67.

Two objects are attracted to each other with 36 N of gravitational force.
What would the force between them be if one of the masses were doubled?

144

68.

A race car completes three laps of a circular track with a radius of 35 m in 9.0 seconds. Determine the speed of the car.

3.9 m/s

73.3 m/s

24.4 m/s

1.0 m/s

69.

A car is making a turn at speed v. The radius of the turn is r and the centripetal force on the car is F.If the car rounds the same curve at speed 2v, the required centripetal force is

1/2 F

70.