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Ecology AKS 13 Review Part 2

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An ecologist studying an ocean ecosystem found that the removal of the sea stars (starfish) from the ecosystem drastically affected it. In this ecosystem the sea stars were a(n)

a)

predatory species

b)

keystone species

c)

competitive species

d)

primary species

2.

On the pyramid diagram, animals that feed on herbivores are no lower than

a)

Level A

b)

Level B

c)

Level C

d)

Level D

3.

Which of these is the greatest limiting factor for plants that grow on the floor of a rain forest?

a)

Herbivores

b)

Sunlight

c)

Water

d)

Space

4.

Based on the method by which they get food, organisms are classified as autotrophs or heterotrophs. Which organism listed below is correctly paired with its metabolism?

a)

Mushroom-heterotroph

b)

Fish-autotroph

c)

Grass-heterotroph

d)

Mushroom-autotroph

5.

What is the main cause of fish kills in rivers polluted by fertilizers?

a)

decreased oxygen levels

b)

increase water temperature

c)

decreased mineral sources

d)

increased water levels

6.

Most populations introduced to a new ecosystem grow until factors such as lack of food and overcrowding limit their growth, as illustrated above.

What does the portion of the graph labeled B represent?

a)

Slowing growth

b)

Birthrate decreases

c)

Death rate increases

d)

Exponential growth

7.

Water __________________ and Nitrogen also cycle between the atmosphere, environment and organisms but __________________ does NOT cycle through the atmosphere.

a)

Carbon, Phosphorus

b)

Phosphorus, Carbon

c)

Nitrogen, Carbon

d)

Carbon, Nitrogen

8.

How to humans add excess Nitrogen and Phosphorus to the environment?

a)

Combustion

b)

Fossil fuels

c)

Littering

d)

Fertilizers

9.

Which of the following are density dependent factors?

a)

competition for resources

b)

predation

c)

disease

d)

natural disasters

10.

Which of the following are examples of a density independent factors?

a)

forest fire

b)

seasonal cycles

c)

storms

d)

disease

11.

Factors like predation can have a positive benefit to the population of prey organisms because predators tend to keep prey populations below their ___________.

a)

carrying capacity

b)

sustainibility number

c)

exponential growth point

d)

competition level

12.

What type of growth model is shown in image A?

a)

Exponential

b)

Logistic

13.

What point on the graph represents carrying capacity?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

14.

Which choice most closely approximates the deer population's carrying capacity based on the graph?

a)

100

b)

80

c)

60

d)

10

15.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
16.
the first organisms that appear in an ecological community
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
17.
a stable ecological community that has reached equilibrium
a)
ecological succession 
b)
climax community
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
18.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
19.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
20.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
21.

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

22.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
23.
A third-level consumer has to be which type?
a)
Carnivore.
b)
Decomposer.
c)
Producer.
d)
Herbivore.
24.
If these organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism would have the least amount of total energy available?
a)
coyote
b)
insect
c)
lizard
d)
shrub
25.

Which of the following is an abiotic factor?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Plants

c)

Protist

d)

Sunlight

26.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
27.
The diagram represents a model of a food pyramid.  Which statement best describes what happens in this food pyramid?
a)
More organisms die at higher levels than at lower levels, resulting in less mass at higher levels.
b)
Energy is lost to the environment at each level, so less mass can be supported at each higher level.
c)
When organisms die at higher levels, their remains sink to lower levels, increasing the mass of lower levels.
d)
Organisms decay at each level, and thus less mass can be supported at higher levels
28.

How much of the energy in each level of a ecological pyramid gets LOST as heat or used by the organism so that it CANNOT be passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

80%

b)

90%

c)

10%

d)

20%

29.

What statement is true about the carbon dioxide-oxygen cycle?

a)

animals breathe in nitrogen and release O2 which is used by plants

b)

animals breathe in nitrogen and release CO2 which is used by the plants

c)

animals breathe in O2 and release CO2 which is used by plants

d)

animals breathe in CO2 and release O2 which is used by plants

30.
What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?
a)
nitrogen composition
b)
ammonia 
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
denitrification

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