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Benchmark 3 Review for Human Anatomy & Physiology

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What type of muscle tissue is found in the heart?

a)

skeletal

b)

smooth

c)

cardiac

d)

voluntary

2.

Muscles move bones by

a)

pushing

b)

pulling

c)

both pushing and pulling

3.
The thick filament is composed of: 
a)
Myosin
b)
Actin
4.

Muscles contract when

a)

thin filaments slide past thin filaments

b)

thick filaments slide past thick filaments

c)

thin filaments slide past thick filaments

5.
The thin filament is composed of: 
a)
Myosin
b)
Actin
6.
Involuntary
a)
skeletal
b)
cardiac
c)
smooth
d)
smooth and cardiac
7.
Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.  
a)
Muscle cell
b)
Neuron
c)
Gland
d)
None of the above
8.

Which connective tissue surrounds fasicles?

a)

epimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

9.

Which connective tissue surrounds the whole muscle?

a)

epimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

10.

Which connective tissue surrounds individual muscle fibers?

a)

epimysium

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

11.

Actin myofilaments are

a)

attached to the z disk

b)

are found primarily in the h zone

c)

are thicker than myosin myofilaments

d)

all of these options

12.

Which area of a sarcomere contains only actin?

a)

Z disk

b)

A band

c)

H zone

d)

I band

13.

Which part of the sarcomere does not shorten during muscle contraction?

a)

A band

b)

H zone

c)

I band

d)

None of these

14.

Which type of muscle cell is striated, voluntary and has multiple nuclei located at the periphery?

a)

Cardiac

b)

Smooth

c)

Skeletal

15.

Which type of muscle cell has one nucleus, is striated and has intercalated disks?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

16.

Which of the following muscle cells are not striated, involuntary, and have one nucleus per cell?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

17.

Which of the following puts the structures of the muscle in order from largest to smallest?

a)

Whole muscle, muscle fiber, actin & myosin, myofibril, muscle fasicle

b)

Whole muscle, muscle fasicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, actin & myosin

c)

Whole muscle, muscle fiber, muscle fasicle, myofibril, actin & myosin

d)

Whole muscle, muscle fasicle, muscle fiber, actin & myosin, myofibril

18.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Deltoid

b)

Biceps

c)

Trapezius

d)

Hamstring

19.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Latissimus dorsi

b)

Deltoid

c)

External Oblique

d)

Pectoralis Major

20.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Biceps

b)

Gluteus Maximus

c)

Triceps

d)

Deltoid

21.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Extensor Carpi

b)

Extensor Digitorum longus

c)

Gastrocnemius

d)

Tibialis anterior

22.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Deltiod

b)

Trapezius

c)

Latissimus Dorsi

d)

Sartorius

23.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Hamstrings

b)

Deltoid

c)

Gluteus Maximus

d)

Oblique

24.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

illopsoas

b)

Biceps

c)

Sartorius

d)

Trapezius

25.

Identify the highlighted muscle

a)

Tibialis Anterior

b)

Gastrocneminus

c)

Deltoid

d)

Biceps

26.

What is the name of the blue structure

a)

axon terminal

b)

dendrite

c)

schwann cell

d)

axon

27.

Which of the following cells protect the nervous system from infection

a)

microglial

b)

astrocyte

c)

oligodendrocyte

d)

ependymal cell

28.

Which of the following glial cells make spinal fluid

a)

astrocyte

b)

oligodendrocyte

c)

microglial cell

d)

ependymal cell

29.

What part of a neuron receives messages from other neurons?

a)

dendrite

b)

cell body

c)

axon

d)

axon terminal

30.

what might be a job of a motor neuron?

a)

connecting to a muscle and helping you move

b)

connecting within the brain to help you make a decision

c)

sending a message toward your brain from a pain receptor in your skin

d)

all of these

31.

Which best describes myelin?

a)

it is a neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction

b)

it is a protein that builds the axon

c)

it is a fat that speeds the message along the axon

d)

it is a fat that helps the neuron "hear" messages

32.

which of the following is true?

a)

neuroglial cells protect and support neurons

b)

neurons help and support neuroglial cells

c)

neurons transmit the electochemical message

d)

neuroglial cells make myelin in the PNS

33.

The PNS (peripheral nervous system)

a)

contains the brain and spinal cord

b)

contains all the nerves of the body

c)

is divided into the somatic and autonomic systems

d)

is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

34.

The pink structure is the.....

a)

frontal lobe

b)

occipital lobe

c)

parietal lobe

d)

temporal lobe

35.

The two major parts of the nervous system are the

a)

brain and spinal cord

b)

central and somatic nervous systems

c)

sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

d)

peripheral and central nervous systems

36.

The speed of neural conduction between neurons will result in difficulties in speaking, vision, and balance if the ________________ insulating the axons is damaged or removed.

a)

Axon

b)

Myelin Sheath

c)

Nucleus

d)

Brain

37.

Dr. Vazquez is examining a cell from the nervous system of an animal. He notices that at one end of the cell body is a long, fibrous strand of tissue. He immediately recognizes this as an axon that is responsible for

a)

carrying signals away from the cell body

b)

receiving signals from other cells and carrying them toward the cell body.

c)

determining the speed at which an action potential will travel

d)

determining whether the cell inhibits or excites neighboring neurons

38.

Which of the following is regulated by the autonomic nervous system

a)

Breathing

b)

Kicking a soccer ball

c)

Balancing on one foot

d)

Raising your hand

39.

Neurotransmitters are ______________ that travel across the ______________ to another cell.

a)

electrical signals; receptors

b)

electrical signals; synapse

c)

chemicals; receptors

d)

chemicals; synapse

40.

What is number 3 pointing at on the neuron?

a)

Dendrite

b)

Axon

c)

Myelin Sheath

d)

Soma

41.

What part of the neuron is number 4 pointing at?

a)

Dendrite

b)

Axon Terminal

c)

Axon

d)

Myelin Sheath

42.

Which part of the Neuron is number 1 pointing at?

a)

Dendrite

b)

Cell body

c)

Axon

d)

Nucleus

43.

What is a nerve cell?

a)

axon

b)

neuron

c)

dendrite

d)

myelin

44.

Which 2 are parts of the central nervous system?

a)

brain

b)

nose

c)

spinal cord

d)

left big toe

45.

The brain is covered in a membrane called:

a)

choroid plexus.

b)

meninges.

c)

ventricles.

d)

cerebral aqueduct.

46.

Cranial nerves and spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

What is the length between Z-lines of an actin molecule called?

a)

fascicle

b)

sarcomere

c)

myosin binding site

d)

sarcoplasmic length

48.

____________ attaches to actin to form the cross bridge.

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Calcium

49.
A mitochondria's role in muscle contraction is the production of...
a)
Synthesis of ATP
b)
Metabolism of ATP
c)
Synthesis of Proteins
d)
Metabolism of Worn out Proteins
50.
Which is more true to cause muscle contraction?
a)
Actin Pulls on the myosin
b)
Myosin Pulls on the Titin
c)
Myosin Pulls on Actin
d)
Actin Pulls on Titin
51.
Which ion, when present, changes the conformation of tropomyosin?
a)
Calcium
b)
Sodium
c)
Potassium
d)
Lithium
52.
Which TWO IONS are pumped in/out of the sarcolemma as part of muscle contraction?
a)
Sodium / Calcium
b)
Calcium / Potassium
c)
Sodium / Potassium
53.
Calcium that will eventually enter the muscle cell to bind with troponin is stored in the...
a)
T-Tubule of the Muscle Cell
b)
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum of the Muscle Cell
c)
The Sarcolemma of the Muscle Cell
d)
The interstitial space outside the muscle cell near the pre-synaptic terminal.
54.
During muscle contraction the 'Z' Lines will...
a)
Disappear
b)
Get Farther apart
c)
Get Closer Together
d)
Appear Thicker
55.
During full muscle contraction the H Zone will...
a)
Disappear
b)
Get wider
56.
During full muscle contraction the A Band will...
a)
Disappear
b)
Get wider
c)
Stay the same
d)
Get narrower
57.

___ takes place when blood travels from the heart, through the lungs, and back to the heart.

a)

pulmonary circulation

b)

systemic circulation

58.

___ takes place when oxygen-rich blood travels to all body tissues except the lungs.

a)

pulmonary circulation

b)

systemic circulation

59.

What prevents blood from flowing back into the atria when the ventricles contract?

a)

semilunar valves

b)

sinoatrial node

c)

atrioventricular node

d)

tricuspid and bicuspid valves

60.

When blood leaves this chamber of the heart, it heads out to the body (not the lungs)

a)

left atrium

b)

right atrium

c)

left ventricle

d)

right ventricle

61.

One of the body's largest blood vessels that transports blood from the body region below the diaphragm to the heart

a)

superior vena cava

b)

inferior vena cava

c)

pulmonary trunk

d)

pulmonary veins

62.

When this chamber contracts, it pushes blood through the tricuspid valve

a)

right atria

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atria

d)

left ventricle

63.

This initiates the action potential that causes the heart to beat

a)

Inferior vena cava

b)

Atrioventricular node (AV node)

c)

Superior vena cava

d)

Sinoatrial node (SA node)

64.

This is responsible for distributing electrical impulses through the heart

a)

Atrioventricular node

b)

Sinoatrial node

c)

Inferior vena cava

d)

Superior vena cava

65.

This blood vessel splits in two and sends oxygen-poor blood away from the heart and to the lungs

a)

aorta

b)

pulmonary veins

c)

superior vena cava

d)

pulmonary trunk

66.

This chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

a)

right atrium

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atrium

d)

left ventricle

67.

These are the smallest blood vessels with the thinnest walls in order to maximize diffusion of nutrients in and out of the interstitial fluid

a)

arteries

b)

veins

c)

capillaries

d)

aorta

68.

Which best explains why capillary walls are so thin?

a)

because they do not need to pump blood

b)

because they are found only in the smallest organs and tissues

c)

because they maximize diffusion of nutrients

d)

because blood only travels through them slowly

69.

These carry blood towards the heart

a)

arteries

b)

veins

70.

These carry blood away from the heart

a)

Arteries

b)

Veins

71.

Blood traveling through the pulmonary circuit goes through the right side of the heart and out to the _______

a)

left side of the heart

b)

body

c)

lungs

d)

tricuspid valve

72.

Why is coronary circulation necessary?

a)

because blood needs to be pushed throughout the entire body

b)

because the heart itself needs nourishment

c)

because the scalp requires an exceptional amount of nourishment

73.

Blood in capillary beds flows from

a)

arteries to veins

b)

veins to arteries

74.
Which part of the heart is this?
a)
Aorta
b)
Right Ventricle
c)
Left Atrium
d)
Left Ventricle
75.
Which part of the heart is this?
a)
Aorta
b)
Pumonary Vein
c)
Pulmonary Artery
d)
Left Atrium
76.
Which part of the heart is this?
a)
Pulmonary Vein
b)
Pulmonary Artery
c)
Right Atrium
d)
Tricuspid Valve
77.
During the Cardiac Cycle, Ventricular systole is when what happens?
a)
The Left Ventricle contracts
b)
When the Right Ventricle contracts
c)
When the Atria contract
d)
When both Ventricles contract
78.
During the Cardiac Cycle the diastole phase is when?
a)
The heart is fully contracted
b)
The heart is fully relaxed
c)
When the atria are relaxed and Ventricles contracted
d)
All of the above
79.
The number of times the heart Ventricles beat in one minute is known as?
a)
Heart Rate
b)
Stroke Volume
c)
Cardiac Output
80.
The volume of blood ejected each time a Ventricle contracts is known as?
a)
Heart Rate
b)
Stroke Volume
c)
Cardiac Output
81.

The double walled sac that surrounds the heart is called the:

a)

Arteries

b)

Valves

c)

Pericardium

d)

Chambers

82.

What type of blood do the Vena Cava carry?

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

83.

What type of blood travels through the aorta?

a)

Oxygenated

b)

Deoxygenated

84.

These blood cells protect from infections:

a)

Red Blood Cells

b)

White Blood Cells

c)

Plasma

d)

Platelets

85.

These lower chambers of the heart pump blood out to the body through arteries:

a)

Ventricles

b)

Atrium

c)

Vena cava

d)

Aorta

86.
Which is the muscular wall that separates the heart into right and left sides?
a)
valves
b)
ventricles
c)
atria
d)
septum
87.
An electrocardiogram measures what?
a)
The amount of pressure exerted on blood vessels.
b)
The electrical activity of the heart.
c)
How many times the heart contracts over time.
d)
The body's temperature caused by friction of blood in vessel.
88.
Which of the following is not a direct indicator of a person's cardiac health?
a)
Heart Rate
b)
Blood Pressure
c)
EKG
d)
Temperature 
89.
Abnormal or unusual heart sounds.
a)
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
b)
Heart murmurs
c)
Bradycardia
d)
Tachycardia
90.

Types of cells in the blood that causes blood clots to form

a)

Platelets

b)

Blood

c)

Plasma

d)

Hemoglobin

e)

White blood cells

91.

The oxygen-carrying protein in blood

a)

Platelets

b)

Blood

c)

Plasma

d)

Hemoglobin

e)

White Blood Cells

92.
1?
a)
Right Ventricle
b)
Right Pulmonary Vein
c)
Superior Vena Cava
d)
Inferior Vena Cava
93.
4?
a)
Tricuspid Valve
b)
Mitrial Valve
c)
Aortic Valve
d)
Pulmonary Valve
94.
A flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backward
a)
Aorta
b)
Atrium
c)
Septum
d)
Valve
95.
How many chambers does the heart have?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
96.
These have valves that prevent backflow of blood
a)
arteries
b)
veins
c)
arterioles
d)
capillaries
97.

Your heart is an involuntary muscle that is always working.

a)

True

b)

False

98.

The AV valve on the right side is called the

a)

tricuspid valve

b)

bicuspid valve

c)

pulmonary valve

d)

aortic valve

99.

The valve that regulates blood to the lungs is called

a)

aortic

b)

tricuspid

c)

bicuspid

d)

pulmonary

100.

Which one of these valves is a semilunar valve?

a)

tricuspid

b)

bicuspid

c)

aortic

d)

atrium

101.
The arrow indicates the
a)
Right ventricle
b)
Aorta
c)
Right atrium
d)
Atrium

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