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5.2.2022 PBS Final Exam Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which body system forms the body's external covering?

a)

Integumentary

b)

Endocrine

c)

Lymphatic

d)

Cardiovascular

2.

Which body system eliminates waste and regulates water balance?

a)

digestive

b)

urinary

c)

endocrine

d)

respiratory

3.

Which body system secretes hormones that regulate processes within the body?

a)

integumentary

b)

nervous

c)

digestive

d)

endocrine

4.

Which body system protects and supports body organs and stores minerals?

a)

skeletal

b)

muscular

c)

endocrine

d)

integumentary

5.

Which can be used to estimate time of death? (check ALL that apply)

a)

DNA analysis

b)

blood spatter

c)

clouding of corneas

d)

lividity

e)

algor mortis

6.

Which term is used to describe the cooling of the body after death?

a)

algor mortis

b)

livor mortis

c)

rigor mortis

d)

decomposition

7.

Which part of the digestive system breaks down food and absorbs nutrients?

a)

stomach

b)

small intestine

c)

large intestine

d)

pancreas

8.

Which type of blood vessel carries blood AWAY FROM the heart?

a)

arteries

b)

veins

9.

Which type of circulation moves blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen?

a)

systemic

b)

pulmonary

10.

Which number is the mitral valve?

a)

12

b)

4

c)

11

d)

5

11.

Which number is the right ventricle?

a)

6

b)

7

c)

8

d)

9

12.

Does B carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

a)

oxygenated

b)

deoxygenated

13.

Does E carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

a)

oxygenated

b)

deoxygenated

14.

If oxygenated and deoxygenated blood were mixed in the heart, what would be the result? (choose ALL that apply)

a)

the heart would have to work harder to provide oxygen

b)

the respiration rate would increase

c)

the blood would flow backwards in the heart

d)

the respiration rate would decrease

15.

Increases in the height of origin cause

a)

decreases in spatter diameter

b)

increases in spatter diameter

c)

few changes in spatter diameter

d)

the shape of the spatter to change

16.

Blood from 2 meters from the ground

a)

is 2 cm in diameter

b)

is 1.2 cm in diameter

c)

is not included in the chart

d)

is circular in shape

17.

Which lanes represent DNA from the same person?

a)

1 and 2

b)

2 and 3

c)

1 and 4

d)

3 and 4

18.

True/false: An autopsy is always performed when a person dies.

a)

true

b)

false

19.

According to HIPAA your information can be shared when

a)

public health is concerned

b)

you are a public figure

c)

your insurance is going over your bills

d)

you visit any medical professional

20.
DNA is cut at specific nucleotide sequences by
a)
RFLPs
b)
Restriction Endonucleases
c)
DNA Proteins
d)
Gel Electrophoresis
21.
When running a gel electrophoresis, DNA will migrate towards the __________________ end because DNA has a __________________ charge.
a)
positive; positive
b)
negative; positive
c)
negative; negative
d)
positive; negative
22.
Given the DNA strand GAATTCCTCGAG, what would be the complimentary strand to make the double stranded DNA?
a)
GAATTCCTCGAG
b)
CTTAAGGAGCTC
c)
AGGCCTTCTAGA
d)
None of the above
23.
What property of DNA causes it to migrate to the positive pole of the electrophoresis apparatus?
a)
The positive charge of the DNA
b)
The negative charge of the DNA
c)
The sugars found in DNA
d)
The nitrogenous bases found in DNA
24.
A nucleotide includes
a)
A nitrogenous base only
b)
A nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar
c)
A sugar and a phosphate
d)
A nitrogenous base, a sugar and a phospahte
25.
In DNA profiling by gel electrophoresis, DNA is separated on the basis of?
a)
Electrical charge
b)
Gender of the individual
c)
Race of the individual
d)
Number of base pairs (BP)
26.

Identify what structure is outlined in the BLACK outline.

a)

Base pair

b)

deoxyribose sugar

c)

phosphate group

d)

hydrogen bonds

e)

Nucleotide

27.

Identify what structure is outlined in the BLACK outline.

a)

Base pair

b)

deoxyribose sugar

c)

phosphate group

d)

hydrogen bonds

e)

Nucleotide

28.

The circumstances that result in death, which are designated as natural or unnatural.

a)

Cause of Death

b)

Mechanism of Death

c)

Manner of Death

29.

This is the specific injury, trauma, or disease that directly caused the victim's death.

a)

Cause of Death

b)

Mechanism of Death

c)

Manner of Death

30.

Toxicology is the study of what?

a)

Disease

b)

poisons

c)

parasites

d)

death

31.

Maximum rigor mortis occurs

a)

between 2-4 hours

b)

2-6 hours after death

c)

12 hours after death

d)

48 hours after death

32.

The process that causes the muscles in the body to stiffen resulting in rigidity after death is called

a)

algor mortis

b)

rigor mortis

c)

livor mortis

33.

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood to the body?

a)

superior vena cava

b)

inferior vena cava

c)

aorta

d)

pulmonary artery

34.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
35.

What is the purpose of a valve?

a)

prevents backflow of blood

b)

provides the heart tissue with oxygen

c)

provides electrical stimulation

d)

oxygenates the blood

36.
What is the main function of the nervous system?
a)
Responsible for control of the body and communication among body parts
b)
Responsible for production of offspring
c)
Helps to rid the body of toxins, water, and other unwanted materials and transports lymph, a fluid containing infection-fighting white blood cells, throughout the body
d)
Provides oxygen to the body's cells, while moving carbon dioxide
37.
Blood carries digested nutrients to body cells.
a)
endocrine, digestive
b)
respiratory, reproductive
c)
circulatory, digestive
d)
muscular, digestive
38.
Pathogens are dangerous bacteria. What body systems are most important when dealing with pathogens that might be in your blood?
a)
immune, circulatory
b)
nervous, skeletal
c)
muscular, endocrine
d)
reproductive
39.

A shiver all over your body produces hormones. You now feel that the temperature in the room has suddenly gone down. Which body systems work together to respond to the change in temperature?

a)

Nervous, muscular, integumentary

b)

Respiratory, muscular, digestive

c)

Skeletal, integumentary, immune

40.

Intermediate layer of the hair shaft that provides strength; compromises most of the hair mass. Shown as B in the image

a)

Medulla (Hair)

b)

Cortex (Hair)

c)

Constraints

d)

Cuticle (Hair)

41.

The need for the body to keep internal stability with the outside environment is known as ---

a)

Balance

b)

Equilibrium

c)

Homeostasis

42.

Used on large, outdoor crime scenes. Searchers follow the first line pattern and search in the same manner as the line method. Once the first line pattern is complete, searchers realign on the other line pattern

a)

Grid Method

b)

Link Method

c)

Spiral Method

d)

Zone Method

43.

Blood that has A and B antigens, no antibodies. Universal recipient is known as...

a)

Type AB Blood

b)

Type B Blood

c)

Type O Blood

d)

Type A Blood

44.

The blood of one person is different from another's due to the presence of antigens on the surface of the erythrocytes. The major method of typing blood is the ABO system and includes types A, B, O, and AB. The other major method of typing blood is the Rh factor, consisting of the two types, Rh+ and Rh-.

a)

Zone Method

b)

Fingerprint

c)

Blood Typing

d)

Crime Scene Investigator (CSI)

45.

Outermost layer, consists of a single layer of thin, flat cells that are the most heavily keratinized. Shown as A in the image

a)

Collect Evidence

b)

Line (Strip) Method

c)

Glaister Equation

d)

Cuticle (Hair)

46.

Blood that has No antigens, A and B antibodies. Universal donor is known as?

a)

Type O Blood

b)

Type D Blood

c)

Type A Blood

d)

Type AB Blood

47.

Used on crime scenes with no physical barriers, such as with open water, etc. Can either begin at critical point of crime scene (outward spiral) or the outer-edge of the crime scene (inward spiral)

a)

Spiral Method

b)

Grid Method

c)

Link Method

d)

Zone Method

48.

Not a geometric pattern or easily definable and used to find associations between evidence. Investigators evaluate, proceed through area in a systematic and logical fashion, works with large and small, indoor and outdoor scenes is?

a)

Grid Method

b)

Zone Method

c)

Link Method

d)

Spiral Method

49.

The unique patterns created by skin ridges found on the palm sides of fingers and thumbs is known as....

a)

Fingerprint

b)

Crime Scene Investigator (CSI)

c)

Blood Splatter

d)

Blood Typing

50.

Specific tests that can determine the exact identity of a substance. i.e. chromatography and mass spectrometry are known as....

a)

Constraints

b)

Confirmatory Chemical Tests

c)

Photograph a Crime Scene

d)

Presumptive Chemical Tests

51.

A formula used for determining the approximate time

period since death based on body temperature. 98.4 - rectal temp. / 1.5. is known as...

a)

Constraints Equation

b)

Cortex Equation

c)

Glaister Equation

d)

Evidence Equation

52.
Refers to small evidence like hairs of fibers
a)
physical evidence
b)
trace evidence
c)
suspect
d)
witness
53.
"With contact between two items, there will be an exchange." This is known as _____
a)
physical evdience
b)
Locard's exchange principle
c)
Forensic exchange principle
d)
the law of forensics 
54.
The central core of the hair is called the...?
a)
Medulla
b)
Cuticle
c)
Cortex
d)
Shaft
55.

Identify the WHORL fingerprint pattern.

a)
b)
c)
56.

Identify the arch fingerprint pattern.

a)
b)
c)
57.

For a print to be considered a "match" about how many minutiae or subcharacteristics must be identified?

a)

2-5

b)

20-30

c)

10-12

d)

1

58.

Which of the following is a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen?

a)

Uracil

b)

Hemoglobin

c)

Terraglobin

d)

Cytosine

59.

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes condense and become visible while the nuclear envelope disappears?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase/cytokinesis

e)

interphase

60.

Tumors that are cancerous are referred to as

a)

malignant.

b)

benign.

c)

biopsy.

d)

harmless.

61.

When cancer cells spread to other parts of the body, ________ has occurred.

a)

metastasis

b)

meiosis

c)

biopsy

d)

karyotyping

62.

Which features of cells could indicate cancer (select all that apply)?

a)

variable shape and size of cell

b)

arranged in an organized manner

c)

cells have large, variably shaped nuclei

d)

uniform size and shape of cells

63.

DNA is transcibed in the

a)

nucleus.

b)

cytoplasm

c)

ribosome.

d)

endoplasmic reticulum.

64.

After transcription, mRNA leaves the ________ and travels to the ________, where translation will occur.

a)

nucleus; ribosome

b)

ribosome; nucleus

c)

cytoplasm; nucleus

d)

cytoplasm; ribosome

65.

What does mRNA that reads UCC code for?

a)

serine

b)

proline

c)

arginine

d)

methionine

66.

A disorder is recessive. A person is normal but their parent had the disorder. What is the person's genotype?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

unknown

67.

If a disorder is recessive, what is the chance that two parents that are heterozygous would have a child with the disorder?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

68.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

a)

it varies from person to person

b)

46 pairs of chromosomes

c)

23 chromosomes

d)

23 pairs of chromosomes

69.

The sex of the individual in this karyotype is

a)

male.

b)

female.

70.

After meiosis, a cell with 46 chromosomes will create cells that each have _____ chromosomes.

a)

46

b)

92

c)

23

71.

Which karyotype shows a monosomy?

a)
b)
72.

If row 2 is sickle cell (ss) and row 3 is normal (SS), which row indicates a carrier who is Ss?

a)

6

b)

7

c)

8

73.
Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic material.
a)
gel electrophoresis
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Transfer RNA
d)
Transcription
74.
A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
a)
Codon
b)
Mutated
c)
messenger RNA
d)
Translation
75.
The process of synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template is called:
a)
transcription
b)
translation
c)
transformation
d)
translocation
76.
The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in an mRNA molecule. There is a change of language from nucleotides to amino acids.
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Protein Synthesis
d)
RNA replication
77.
A process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell, involves a series of steps, and results in the formation of two new nuclei each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
a)
Mitosis
b)
Meiosis
c)
Mutation
d)
Sex Chromosome
78.
The cellular process that results in the number of chromosomes in sex cells being reduced to one half and in which one of each pair of homologous chromosomes passes to each daughter cell.
a)
Meiosis
b)
Mitosis
c)
Mutation
d)
Phenotype
79.
The transmission of traits from ancestor to descendant
a)
Mutation
b)
Genotype
c)
Heredity
d)
Allele
80.
The physical and physiological traits of an organism that are determined by its genetic makeup.
a)
Phenotype
b)
Genotype
c)
Hereditary
d)
Autosomal
81.
Expressed in a person who has only one copy of the gene associated with the trait.
a)
Karotype
b)
Dominant
c)
Codon
82.
A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex, as opposed to a sex chromosome.
a)
Recessive
b)
Autosomal
c)
Dominant
d)
Pedigrees
83.
A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape.
a)
Phenotype
b)
Karyotype
c)
Genotype
d)
Hematocrit
84.
A simple graphical way of discovering all of the potential combinations of genotypes of an offspring, given the parents’ genotypes.
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Pedigree
c)
Phenotype
d)
Karyotype
85.

Proteins are made in the :

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Cell Nucleus

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Cytoplasm

86.

What is the probability that the child will have sickle cell anemia?

a)

0%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

87.

Tom and Tina decided they wanted to start a family. Tom knew his grandfather had sickle-cell disease. Sickle-cell disease is a recessive disorder that causes blood cells to stiffen and take on a crescent shape. These blood cells have a difficult time moving through the blood vessels and can cause health problems. Tina didn’t know of any family members that had it. Still, before they got pregnant they both went to the doctor for genetic tests. The doctor found that even though Tom and Tina were healthy, they both carried the gene for sickle-cell disease. Make a Punnett Square to determine the probability of Tom and Tina’s child having sickle-cell disease

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

75%

d)

100%

88.
A long chain of amino acids is a/an
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
tRNA
d)
mRNA
89.
How does RNA differ from DNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose
b)
RNA contains ribose and thymine
c)
RNA contains uracil and ribose
d)
RNA contains adenine and ribose
90.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

91.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
92.
Mutated DNA sequences that can be passed from parent to offspring --
a)
occur in somatic cells (body cells)
b)
occur in gametic cells (sex cells)
c)
are rejected by meiosis
d)
only occur if the parent is exposed to harmful substances
93.

Why are insertion and deletion mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

94.

Tumors that are cancerous are referred to as

a)

malignant.

b)

benign.

c)

biopsy.

d)

harmless.

95.

When cancer cells spread to other parts of the body, ________ has occurred.

a)

metastasis

b)

meiosis

c)

biopsy

d)

karyotyping

96.

Which features of cells could indicate cancer (select all that apply)?

a)

variable shape and size of cell

b)

arranged in an organized manner

c)

cells have large, variably shaped nuclei

d)

uniform size and shape of cells

97.

Which of the following is NOT a part of blood?

a)

Red blood cells

b)

White blood cells

c)

Plasma

d)

Protein

98.

What is the only start codon?

a)

AUG

b)

GUC

c)

CGU

d)

UGG

99.

Select TWO ways DNA mutations can occur.

a)

Environmental

b)

DNA fails to copy correctly

c)

Scientists changed it

d)

Mother had poor diet

100.

Is this genotype homozygous or heterozygous?

Gg

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous

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