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99 questions, but me mastering ain't one

Total questions: 99

Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Behavioral changes of individuals of a species that allow for better survival. (Acquired traits)
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
2.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
3.
Breed an organism for a desired trait is the definition of
a)
selective breeding
b)
natural selection
c)
natural breeding
d)
biological evolution
4.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

d)

Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.

5.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
6.

Where do adaptations come from?

a)

The individual organism decides to adapt

b)

Mutations that give an organism an advantage in its environment

c)

Genetic recombination during meiosis

d)

Both mutations and genetic recombination are sources of adaptation

7.

Which best describes the role of mutations in natural selection?

a)

Mutations help an organism to better survive in their environment

b)

An organism may acquire a helpful mutation by interacting with the environment

c)

A mutation may result in a beneficial trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce

d)

Organisms with certain traits are more likely to win competitions for mutations

8.

All rabbits of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)

a)

population

b)

species

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

9.
Why do frogs and other organism reproduce so many eggs or offspring?
a)
so that their babies can have friends to play with
b)
the more offspring the more likely the offspring will survive
c)
the more offspring the less likely offspring will survive 
d)
the more offspring the less competition
10.
Do organisms "decide" to evolve and change?
a)
Yes, they know they need to change to survive 
b)
No, they change because of natural selection
11.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
12.
The clear wing moth and the wasp look similar to each other. Why? 
a)
The wasp mimics the moth to attract prey.
b)
The moth and the wasp are closely related
c)
The moth mimics the wasp to repel predators
d)
The moth had one wasp parent
13.
What might account for the fact that all of these limbs share similar structures?
a)
They came from the same source
b)
They are all from one animal
c)
They are very similar organisms
d)
Cooincidence
14.
Define homologous structures.
a)
Structures that appear the same, but have different ancestral origins.
b)
Structures that appear the different, but have the same ancestral origins.
c)
Any two body parts from the same organism
d)
Parts that no longer appear to have a function
15.

Which layer contains the oldest fossil?

a)

Layer 1

b)

Layer 2

c)

Layer 3

d)

Layer 4

16.

Which of the following would be an example of absolute age?

a)

Fossil A is older than Fossil B

b)

Fossil A and Fossil B are the same age

c)

Fossil A is 10 million years old

17.

Which of the following is an example of relative age

a)

Fossil A is older than Fossil B

b)

Fossil A is about 10 million years old

c)

Fossil B is 2 million years old

18.

Organisms D and C clearly lived in an aquatic (water) environment. Organism A does not look like it lived in the water. What is the most likely explanation for this?

a)

The fossil in layer A died on land and was carried to the water

b)

The fossils in layer C and D did not live in the same location as the fossil in layer A

c)

The environment changed over a long period of time. It used to be under water, but is not anymore

19.

What is a likely event that occurred between fossil layers B and D?

a)

explosion of new species

b)

mass extinction

c)

can not tell from the image

d)

small changes to the environment

20.

Starting at layer H (at the bottom) what pattern do you notice as you move up towards layer B

a)

organisms become more complex

b)

random arrangement of organisms

c)

organisms go from water only to land only

d)

organisms become more simple

21.

The trend for a certain type of fish is that over time, the species increases in the number of teeth they have. A new fossil is found to have 34 teeth. Use the chart to estimate the age of this fossil.

a)

20 million years old

b)

30 million years old

c)

70 million years old

d)

100 million years old

22.

Fossil A is an ancient mollusk, an organism that needs water to survive. Why do you think that the mollusk went extinct in this particular sample of the fossil record?

a)

When the ocean levels rose in layer 4, the mollusk went extinct because they cannot live in water

b)

For some reason, the ocean disappeared causing the mollusk to thrive

c)

For some reason, the ocean disappeared causing the mollusk to go extinct

d)

When the ocean level rose in layer 4, the mollusk thrived because they need water

23.

Which is the major difference between the Permian period and the Jurassic period?

a)

Organisms evolved to from land animals to being able to fly

b)

Organisms went from four legs to two

c)

Organisms got fatter

d)

Organisms stayed the same during these periods

24.

The evolution of the horse is the most complete fossil record we have of a single organism. Using the picture, what can you conclude happened to the horse over time?

a)

The horse grew larger and lost its toes

b)

The horse shrank and lost its toes

c)

The horse grew larger and gained toes

d)

The horse shrank and gained toes

25.

I have cell walls

I am an autotroph

I am multicellular

What am I?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Protist

26.

I have no cell walls

I am eukaryotic

I reproduce sexually

I am multicellular

What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

c)

Protist

d)

Fungi

27.

I am unicellular

I am prokaryotic

I am found in extreme ecosystems

What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Protist

b)

Plant

c)

Animal

d)

Archaebacteria

28.

What is the correct order?

a)

Domain, Kingdom, Class, Phylum, Family, Order, Genus, Species

b)

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

c)

Kingdom, Domain, Order, Class, Family, Phylum, Genus, Species

d)

Domain, Kingdom, Family, Class, Order, Genus, Phylum, Species

29.

What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

a)

Prokaryotes have a cell wall, eukaryotes do not

b)

Prokayotes have a nucleus, eukaryotes do not

c)

Eukaryotes have a nucleus, prokaryotes do not

d)

Eukaryotes have a cell wall, prokaryotes do not

30.

A scientific name consist of which two categories

a)

Class and Family

b)

Family and Genus

c)

Genus and Species

d)

Species and Class

31.

I am a type of bacteria

Don't mistake me for archaea

I can be found almost anywhere

What am I?

a)

Fungi

b)

Protist

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Archaebacteria

32.

A ________ can be used to classify organisms based on characteristics.

a)

punnet square

b)

phylogenetic chart

c)

trophic pyramid

d)

dichotomous key

33.
A table of arachnid and insect characteristics is shown. Which characteristic could be used to distinguish between
arachnids and insects?
a)
Jointed legs
b)
Body segments
c)
Presence of eyes
d)
Presence of antennae
34.

A student discovers an arachnid without a segmented abdomen, and legs longer than its body. The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it. Which arachnid has the student found?

a)

Whip Scorpion

b)

Wind Scorpion

c)

Daddy long legs

d)

Scorpion

35.

A student discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen, long legs, and a tail with no stinger.

The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it.

1. a) Abdomen segmented.............go to 2

b) Abdomen not segmented ......go to 4

2. a) Abdomen with tail....................go to 3

b) Abdomen without tail...............go to 5

3. a) Tail with stinger..........................Scorpion

b) Tail without stinger.....................Whip scorpion

4. a) Legs longer than body.............Daddy Long Legs

b) Legs not longer than body……….Wind scorpion

5. a) Covered with spines .......................Mite

b) Few spines.....................................Tick

a)

Whip Scorpion

b)

Daddy Long Legs

c)

Mite

d)

Tick

36.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
37.
What is the name of bird W?
a)
Certhidea
b)
Geospiza
c)
Camarhynchus
d)
Platyspiza
38.
According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Ray finned fish
c)
Crocodiles
d)
Birds
39.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles
40.
Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?
a)
jaws
b)
mammary glands & hair
c)
terrestrial during all life stages
d)
bipedal & opposable thumbs
41.

Which species is most closely related to species C?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

D

42.

All the animals to the right of the salamander would have the common characteristic of...

a)

Fur

b)

Claws or nails

c)

Lungs

d)

Jaws

43.
All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of -
a)
Fur
b)
Claws or nails
c)
Lungs
d)
Jaws
44.

Which letter represents the most recent common ancestor of sponges and mushrooms?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

45.

What kingdoms have organisms that are prokaryotic? (hint: 2 correct answers)

a)

animalia

b)

fungi

c)

eubacteria

d)

archeabacteria

46.
Animals must eat other organisms for food, so they are classified as...
a)
heterotrophs
b)
autotrophs
c)
eukaryotic
d)
prokaryotic
47.

All of the following have a nucleus except...

a)

Bacteria

b)

Animalia

c)

Plantae (Plant)

d)

Protista (Protist)

48.
What does the word eukaryote mean?
a)
A cell with a nucleus
b)
A cell with DNA
c)
A cell with a cell membrane
d)
A cell without a nucleus
49.
Which are examples of fungi?
a)
mold
b)
yeast
c)
mushrooms
d)
all of the above
50.

What kingdom has organisms that feed off dead or decaying organisms?

a)

Plantae (Plant)

b)

Fungi

c)

Protista (Protist)

d)

Archaebacteria

51.

Which kingdom is known as the "odds and ends" kingdom?

a)

Animalia

b)

Plantae (Plant)

c)

Protista (Protist)

d)

Fungi

52.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
53.

A tapeworm lives in the intestine of a cat absorbing nutrients through its skin. A tapeworm and a cat have this type of relationship.

a)

mutualism

b)

parasitism

c)

commensalism

d)

competition

54.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
55.
What type of symbiosis?  Skunks often live in burrows that have been dug and abandoned by woodchucks.  
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
56.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that often feed on parasites that infest impala.  This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
57.

Aphids are tiny insects that live on and eat the leaves of plants, removing vital nutrients from the plants.

a)

Predation

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Mutualism

58.

Clown fish live among anemones, acting as a lure for the sea anemone's prey. The clown fish get protection and shelter from the anemone. This is an example of which type of symbiosis?

a)

Commensalism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Parasitism

59.

In the jungles of South America lives a thorn tree call an acacia. A species of ant eats secretions of the acacia, drinks its sap, and raises its young in the hollow thorns. The ants also keep competing vines from growing near the acacia tree and they help repel any insects that would damage the acacia tree.

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

60.

Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?

a)

There would be a decrease in the small bird population.

b)

There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.

c)

There would be a decrease in the mice population.

d)

There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.

61.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
62.
In this food chain, what will happen if the frogs become extinct?
a)
The snakes will increase.
b)
The grasshoppers will decrease.
c)
The eagles will remain the same.
d)
The grasshoppers will increase.
63.
What percentage of energy is passed on to each tropic level?
a)
10%
b)
50%
c)
90%
d)
100%
64.
Which biome is a treeless biome in the far north with harsh, cold winters and extremely short summers
a)
tundra
b)
desert
c)
temperate deciduous forest
d)
tropical rain forest
65.
The biome known for trees with broad leaves that fall off the trees in the winter.
a)
Coniferous Forests
b)
Temperate Deciduous Forests
c)
Deserts
d)
Tundra
66.
The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...
a)
Food and Water
b)
Water and Sunlight
c)
Temperature and Oxygen
d)
Precipitation and Temperature 
67.
Which biome is MOST LIKE the "desert" in terms of precipitation?
a)
tropical rainforest
b)
temperate deciduous forest
c)
tundra
d)
coniferous forest
68.
Which biome has a climate is warm and moist throughout the year, and has more species of plants and animals than any other biome?
a)
Chaparral
b)
Tropical Rainforest
c)
Boreal Forest
d)
Tundra
69.
The kangaroo rat is able to get all of the water it needs through it's food and therefore, never needs to drink liquid. This animal has adapted to survive in which biome that rains less than 2 inches a year?
a)
Forest
b)
Tundra
c)
Desert
d)
Grassland
70.
Name the biome that has cold winters, warm summers, moderate seasonal precipitation, fertile soils and occasional wildfires.
a)
Tropical Dry Forest
b)
Tropical Grassland
c)
Temperate Grassland
d)
Temperate Woodland/Shrubland
71.
What are the key features of the Tundra?
a)
cold winter, thin acidic soil, evergreen trees
b)
treeless, permafrost, cold dark winters
c)
ong cool summers, short dark winters, migrating animals
d)
many evergreen trees, short moist summers, long snowy winters
72.
In an experiment testing how plant water intake affects a plant's growth, what would be the independent variable?
a)
Glucose production
b)
Plant growth
c)
Amount of water
d)
Sunlight
73.
Which of the following is not a decomposer
a)
Vulture
b)
Fungus
c)
Worm
d)
Bacteria
74.
What Biome does this climate graph belong to?
a)
Desert
b)
Tropical Rainforest
c)
Temperate Forest
d)
Tundra
75.
Choose the correct order of organization from smallest to largest
a)
Species--> Population--> Community--> Ecosystem-->Biosphere
b)
Community--> Species--> Population--> Biosphere --> Ecosystem
c)
Ecosystem--> Community--> Species--> Population--> Biosphere 
d)
Population-->Species--> Community--> Ecosystem-->Biosphere
76.

According to the diagram, which of the following both have large amounts of precipitation?

a)

desert & tropical rain forest

b)

seasonal forest & tundra

c)

tundra & desert

d)

tropical rain forest & temperate rain forest

77.

Which of the following adaptations would you see from an animal that lives in a desert biome?

a)

nocturnal

b)

burrowing

c)

both nocturnal and burrowing

d)

none of the above

78.
The tropical rain forest & tropical savanna biomes are similar in ___________, but ________________________________.
a)
temperature / the savannah doesn't receive enough rainfall to be a forest
b)
precipitation / the rain forest is hotter
c)
precipitation / the savanna is cooler
d)
temperature / the rain forest doesn't receive enough sunlight to be a savanna
79.

The biome shown in the climatogram above would best be described as a:

a)

temperate deciduous forest

b)

desert

c)

tundra

d)

tropical rain forest

80.

Characteristics of this biome include: warm year round, large herbivores and predators, drought resistant plants, animals give birth during the rainy season.

a)

tropical rainforest

b)

savanna

c)

desert

d)

tundra

81.

An animal adaptation for this biome is a change in fur color between the warmer and colder seasons.

a)

temperate forest

b)

tropical rainforest

c)

taiga

d)

none of these

82.

If you start near the North Pole and head south to the equator what biomes would expect to come across?

a)

tundra, then grassland, then tropical rainforest

b)

tropical rainforest, then deciduous forest, then desert

c)

desert, then deciduous forest, then tropical rainforest

d)

desert, then taiga, then more desert

83.
The kind of wetland formed where saltwater and fresh water meet is called
a)
brujeria
b)
estuary
c)
swamp
d)
marsh
84.
Which of these is NOT a freshwater biome?
a)
coral reef
b)
flowing water
c)
wetlands
d)
ponds and lakes
85.
Which of these is NOT a marine biome?
a)
open ocean
b)
deep ocean floor
c)
seashore
d)
wetlands
86.

_________ is the amount of salt dissolved in water.

a)

Temperature

b)

Salinity

c)

Nutrients

d)

Pressure

87.

How might an introduced plant species kill native plant species?

a)

. Its rapid growth can deprive native plants of sunlight.

b)

Its rapid growth can deprive native plants of food.

c)

It can cause soil loss from erosion.

d)

Its rapid growth can deprive native plants of oxygen.

88.

1. Why might an introduced animal species overrun native species in an ecosystem?

a)

. Its population size is smaller than those of native species.

b)

. It is more energy efficient, so it eats less food.

c)

It is a predator of the native species.

d)

It often has no natural enemies

89.
Salt water is an abundant resource but unusable for irrigation and drinking. As demands on freshwater sources increase, the use of desalination processes to remove salt from ocean water is increasing. A concern of desalinating water is the large amounts of recovered salts that are returned to the ocean. Which of the following describes the most likely impact of desalination on the surrounding ocean environment? 
a)
Methane gas would pollute the ocean environment as shoreline organisms begin to die and decay.
b)
Alteration in ocean salt levels would cause loss of species and unbalanced populations in marine food webs.
c)
Nonrenewable resources in the ocean environment would become depleted and upset the ecosystem's balance.
d)
Increased levels of salts and minerals in the ocean would result in overpopulation of marine bivalves due to strengthened shells
90.
When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this process affect other organisms in the water?
a)
Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.
b)
The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.
c)
The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.
d)
The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.
91.
A strip mining company wants to lease some land that is currently part of a national park. They promise to reclaim the land should any minerals be mined from the area, and they are willing to pay top dollar for the rights. As an ecologist, what factors would you raise with the local government?
a)
the threat to local biodiversity
b)
management of the land after the company leaves
c)
the new jobs that would be created
d)
the increased traffic in the area
92.
Whaling was a very profitable profession until whale populations crashed. The global community came together to enact a ban on whaling. However, Japan and Norway have not agreed to stop whaling. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of their decision?
a)
The whale populations are bouncing back very successfully and are unaffected by Japan and Norway continuing to whale.
b)
The whale populations are not rebounding as quickly as they might if all of the countries agreed not to hunt whales. 
c)
The whale populations have mutated into new kinds of organisms.
d)
The whales are getting better at avoiding capture. 
93.
The diagram shows the carbon cycle.  If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?
a)
 increase in the rates of decomposition
b)
increase in the rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide
c)
decreased combustion of fossil fuel
d)
 increase production of organic compounds
94.

Which of these is one cause of deforestation?

a)

Urbanization

b)

Buying a Christmas tree during the holidays

c)

Overbreeding birds in the wild

d)

Cutting down the tree in your backyard

95.

The threat to biodiversity that occurs when the homes of different species are destroyed

a)

pollution

b)

habitat destruction

c)

overexploitation

d)

climate change

96.
All are an example of Natural Selection Except...
a)
the dark colored frogs out last the light colored frogs
b)
selecting two chickens to make more big chickens
c)
the brown moths were able to create more offspring because they were able to hide
d)
The colorful fish are able to pass off their variation to their offspring to survive
97.
Why do some organisms hibernate?
a)
To get some rest
b)
To escape harsh winters and maintain homeostasis
c)
To be the bearer of bad news
d)
To strive for greatness with rest
98.

The tundra is a vast plain with frigid temperatures and plenty of snow. Which of the following adaptations does not help the polar bear survive in the tundra.

a)

Layers of fat for insulation

b)

webbed toes for swimming

c)

white fur for camouflage

d)

total herbivorous diet

99.
Which feature of a rose helps it grow without being eaten by large animals?
a)
flowers with bright colors
b)
sharp thorns
c)
small seeds
d)
deep roots

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