As early as 700 BC, the ancient Greeks already witnessed

The word electric comes from _____, the Greek word for “amber” while the word magnetic comes from the name of the district of Greece, _____, where the magnetite was first found.

In ___, ________ discovered that a compass needle is deflected when placed near a circuit carrying an electric current.

In __, ______ and, almost simultaneously, _______ showed that when a wire is moved near a magnet (or when a magnet is moved near a wire), an electric current is established in the wire

In __, _______ used these observations and other experimental facts as a basis for formulating the laws of electromagnetism as we know them today. His formulated laws are basic to all forms of electromagnetic phenomena. His work is as important as Newton’s work on the laws of motion and the theory of gravitation.

The attractive force of _____ was reported by the Greeks some 2800 years ago.

______ , who first wrote about what we now call static electricity: he described how rubbing amber caused it to develop a force that could pick up light objects such as feathers.

The term “electric” first appeared in print around 1600 in a treatise on the (electric) force generated by friction, authored by the physician to Queen Elizabeth I,______

In __, ________ introduced the notion that electricity involves two types of “fluids,” one “positive” and the other “negative,” and that like-fluids repel and opposite-fluids attract. His notion of a fluid is what we today call electric charge.

In __, _____ demonstrated that lightning is a form of electricity. He transferred electric charge from a cloud to a Leyden jar via a silk kite flown in a thunderstorm.

The collective eighteenth-century knowledge about electricity was integrated in __ by _______, in the form of a mathematical formulation characterizing the electrical force between two charges in terms of their strengths and polarities and the distance between them.

The year __ is noted for the development of the first electric battery by _______, and __ was a banner year for discoveries about how electric currents induce magnetism.

who developed one of the earliest electromagnets and dc (direct current) electric motors?

He built the first electric generator (the converse of the electric motor). He, in essence, demonstrated that a changing magnetic field induces an electric field (and hence a voltage).

The converse relation, namely that a changing electric field induces a magnetic field, was first proposed by _______, in __ and then incorporated into his four (now) famous equations in 1873.

Maxwell’s theory, which predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves, was not fully accepted by the scientific community at that time, not until verified experimentally by means of radio waves by __________ in the __

X-rays, another member of the EM family, were discovered in __, by _______

__________ was the first to develop the ac (alternating current) motor, considered a major advance over its predecessor, the dc motor.

Despite the advances made in the 19th century in our understanding of electricity and magnetism and how to put them to practical use, it was not until 1897 that the fundamental carrier of electric charge, the electron, was identified and its properties quantified by _________.

The ability to eject electrons from a material by shining electromagnetic energy, such as light, on it is known as the ____________

Greek philosopher ____ describes how amber, after being rubbed with cat fur, can pick up feathers [static electricity].

______ used as a navigational device.

_______ coins the term electric after the Greek word for amber (elektron), and observes that a compass needle points north-south because the Earth acts as a bar magnet.

________ demonstrates that white light is a mixture of all the colors.

__________ notes that parallel currents in wires attract each other and opposite currents repel.

______ discovers that electric charges are of two forms, and that like charges repel and unlike charges attract.

_________ invents the Leyden jar, the first electrical capacitor.

_______ invents the lightning rod and demonstrates that lightning is electricity.

_______ demonstrates that the electrical force between charges is proportional to the inverse of the square of the distance between them.

_______ develops the first electric battery.

___________ demonstrates the interconnection between electricity and magnetism through his discovery that an electric current in a wire causes a compass needle to orient itself perpendicular to the wire

They develop the Biot-Savart law relating the magnetic field induced by a wire segment to the current flowing through it

_______ formulates Ohm's law relating electric potential to current and resistance.

______ introduces the concept of inductance, and builds one of the earliest electric motors. He also assisted Samual Morse in the development of the telegraph.

_________ discovers that a changing magnetic flux can induce an electromotive force.

He formulates Gauss's law relating the electric flux flowing through an enclosed surface to the enclosed electric charge.

________ publishes his Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism in which he unites the discoveries of Coulomb, Oersted, Ampère, Faraday, and others into four elegantly constructed mathematical equations, now known as Maxwell’s Equations.

_______ builds a system that can generate electromagnetic waves (at radio frequencies) and detect them.

________ invents the ac (alternating current) electric motor.

_______ discovers X-rays. One of his first X-ray images was of the bones in his wife's hands. [1901 Nobel prize in physics.]

________ discovers the electron and measures its charge-tomass ratio. [1906 Nobel prize in physics.]

_________ explains the photoelectric effect discovered earlier by Hertz in 1887. [1921 Nobel prize in physics.]

Electromagnetics is the study of the electric and magnetic field phenomena

The Greek word electron means electricity.

James Clerk Maxwell discovered that a compass needle is deflected when placed near a circuit carrying an electric current.

Electromagnetic force exists between all charged particles.

It is only in the 18th century that scientists establish that electric and magnetic phenomena are actually related.

Scalar:

I. a quantity whose value may be represented by a single (positive or negative) real number

II. characterized by its magnitude and the direction is not required

III. has both a magnitude and a direction in space

Vector:

I. may be represented by a single (positive or negative) real number.

II. has both a magnitude and a direction in space

III. only be concerned with two- and three dimensional spaces

Mass, density, volume, time, voltage, temperature

Force, velocity, acceleration, displacement