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Transcription and Translation

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

RNA contains a nitrogenous base that is different from DNA. What is the name of the nitrogenous base?

a)

Thymine

b)

Uracil

c)

Adenine

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

2.

True or False: RNA is double stranded.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

True or False: The sugar in a nucleotide of DNA is called deoxyribose.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

What is the process called when DNA is made into mRNA.

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

transcribe

d)

translate

5.

What type of RNA moves to the ribosome to start protein synthesis?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

nRNA

6.

What does tRNA stand for?

a)

transition RNA

b)

transcription RNA

c)

transfer RNA

d)

translation RNA

7.

Which macromolecule is made up of amino acids?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

8.

DNA and RNA are which type of macromolecule?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

nucleic acid

d)

protein

9.

mRNA is read into amino acids during what process?

a)

transcription

b)

transfer

c)

translation

d)

transition

10.

What enzyme transcribes DNA into mRNA?

a)

DNA polymerase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

helicase

d)

rRNA

11.

RNA polymerase reads the mRNA strand in which direction?

a)

3' to 5' direction

b)

5' to 3' direction

12.

mRNA is made in which direction?

a)

5' to 3' direction

b)

3' to 5' direction

13.

What makes up a codon?

a)

2 amino acids

b)

3 amino acids

c)

2 nucleotides

d)

3 nucleotides

14.

Where would you find the anti-codon?

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

ribosome

d)

rRNA

15.

What do tRNA bring to the ribosome?

a)

glucose

b)

fatty acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

amino acids

16.

The tRNA binds to specific codons. What part of the tRNA binds with a specific codon?

a)

anti-codon

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

antisense

17.

True or False: A protein can function in its tertiary structure.

a)

True

b)

False

18.

True or False: UGA is a codon that codes for STOP.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

True or False: AGU is a codon that codes for START.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

The genetic code can help you translate mRNA into ___________?

a)

nucleotides

b)

fatty acids

c)

amino acids

d)

glucose

21.

True or False: There are 26 amino acids that make up proteins found in the human body.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

What is the function of DNA?

a)

Store genetic information

b)

Store energy

c)

Form enzymes

d)

Form the cell membrane

23.

What is this a picture of?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

tRNA

24.

What process is occurring in this picture?

a)

DNA Replication

b)

DNA Transcription

c)

DNA Translation

d)

DNA Synthesis

25.

What process is occurring in this image?

a)

DNA transription

b)

DNA replication

c)

DNA translation

d)

Mitosis

26.

Each section of DNA that codes for a protein is called a...

a)

Chromosome

b)

RNA

c)

Gene

d)

Enzyme

27.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
28.
DNA codes for...
a)
cholesterol
b)
proteins
c)
fatty acids
d)
a sandwich
29.
In order for DNA instructions to move from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a cell, an RNA copy of a DNA strand must be made. This process, which takes place in the cell nucleus, is called
a)
translation
b)
mutation
c)
DNA replication
d)
transcription
30.
Which is a difference between DNA and RNA
a)
RNA is double stranded
b)
RNA is not made of nucleotides
c)
RNA contains Uracil instead of Thymine
d)
RNA does not contain a sugar
31.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription? 
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
32.

Where does Transcription take place?

a)

Inside the nucleus

b)

Inside the cytoplasm

c)

Inside the Ribosome

d)

Inside the Rough ER

33.

What happens to the mRNA sequence after it has been synthesized?

a)

stays in the nucleus

b)

leaves the cell

c)

leaves the nucleus

d)

separates into smaller pieces

34.

DNA is confined to the nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

35.
What does mRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
36.
What does rRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
37.
What does tRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
38.

Where are proteins made?

a)

ER

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

mitochondria

39.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
40.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
41.
Which amino acid is coded from the mRNA codon:
AGU
a)
Arginine
b)
Serine
c)
Leucine
d)
Glycine
42.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
43.
What amino acid is represented by the codon CAG?
a)
Aspartic Acid
b)
Histidine
c)
Glutamine
d)
Methionine
44.
Translation happens in the - 
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
45.
Codons contain ______ bases
a)
1
b)
3
c)
6
d)
9
46.
Which phase of which process does this picture show?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
47.
Smaller segments of RNA nucleotides that transport amino acids to the ribosomes.
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
48.
The five carbon sugar found in RNA
a)
Ribose
b)
Deoxyribose
c)
Glucose
49.
Which codon is NOT one of the stop codons? 
a)
UAA
b)
UAG
c)
UGA
d)
AUG
50.
What is the the name for the amino acid that starts protein synthesis?
a)
Leucine
b)
Valine
c)
Glycine
d)
Methonine
51.
If you take this piece -ATT- what will the mRNA be? 
a)
TAA
b)
UAA
c)
TUA
d)
UAT
52.
What is the process that copies information from DNA into RNA?
a)
protein synthesis
b)
transcription
c)
translation
d)
DNA Polymerase
53.
3 Types of RNA
a)
Messenger RNA, Transfer RNA, and Ribosomal RNA
b)
Transcription, Monomers, and Nucleus
54.
tRNA is
a)
like a supply truck; it brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
b)
codes
55.
mRNA 
a)
takes info in a gene to a ribosome so a protein can be made
b)
supply truck
56.
rRNA
a)
supply truck
b)
forms ribosomes
57.
Anti-Codons
a)
set of bases on tRNA that are complimentary to codons on mRNA
b)
making of proteins from the mRNA molecules
58.
There are how many different amino acids?
a)
20
b)
64
59.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon GUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Valine
60.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA makes RNA which produces protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
61.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous genes
d)
mutated DNA
62.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
63.
Aa is
a)
homozygous (purebred)
b)
heterozygous (hybrid)
64.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both 
65.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
66.
T = tall an t = short
What is the phenotype for Tt?
a)
short
b)
tall
c)
medium sized
d)
neither tall or short
67.
Who is considered the "father of genetics"?
a)
Gregor Mendel
b)
Reginald Punnett
c)
James Watson
d)
Justin Bieber
68.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
69.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
70.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
71.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
72.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
73.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the probability of having a white flowered plant if the parents were heterozygous red and homozygous red?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
74.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
75.
In a Punnett square each box represents a(n)....
a)
offspring
b)
parent
c)
gene
d)
trait

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