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BIO 168 CH 3 & 4 Review

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

a)

vacuole

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

ribosomes

2.

Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

a)

vacuole

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

ribosomes

3.

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration (powerhouse of the cell)?

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

rough E.R

d)

smooth E.R

4.

What molecules make up the cell membrane?

a)

all of the following

b)

cholesterol

c)

proteins

d)

phospholipid bilayer

5.

Links amino acids together to make proteins.

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

ribosomes

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

vacuole

6.

Mitochondria is ______.

a)

Responsible for making energy (ATP) needed for the cell

b)

the site of cell respiration

c)

Found in animal and plant cells

d)

All of the above

7.

Flagella are found in Prokaryotes and animal cells and have a ________ shaped tail used for locamotion.

a)

whip like

b)

star

c)

heart

d)

triangle

8.

Cilia are found in Prokaryotes and animal cells and have __________ used for locamotion.

a)

spear shaped tails

b)

trianlge shaped tails

c)

numerous hair-like projections that move back and forth

d)

gills

9.

Nucleolus is found inside the nucleus, of Eukaryotes only, and makes _____.

a)

ribosomes

b)

cilia

c)

flagella

d)

prokaryotes

10.

There are two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum, smooth and rough. They ______.

a)

make energy

b)

protect the cell

c)

carry out chemical reactions and transports materials

d)

make the ribosomes

11.

Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Bodies) are found in Eukaryotes only. They _____.

a)

Sorts, packages, and modifies proteins to be sent in or out of the cell

b)

Excretes stuff in and out using transport membranes called vesicles

c)

a and b

d)

a only

12.

Centrioles are found only in animal cells. They ____.

a)

Help with cell division

b)

make the ribosomes

c)

carry out chemical reactions and transports materials

d)

are used for locamotion

13.
If you were some bad guy trying to sneak into an animal cell, who would be there to stop you?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
14.

The _____________ holds the DNA, and controls the functions of eukaryotic cells.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Nuclear Membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

15.

The (a)   is the smallest unit of living things.

16.

an enzyme that makes ATP by adding phosphate groups to ADP

a)

electron transport chain

b)

fermentation

c)

ATP synthase

d)

glycolysis

17.

process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

a)

fermentation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

glycolysis

d)

cellular respiration

18.

a process by which some organisms use chemical energy from hydrothermal vents instead of light energy to make eenergy-storing carbon-based molecules, such as sugar

a)

photosynthesis

b)

chemosynthesis

c)

fermentation

d)

cellular respiration

19.

low-energy molecule that can be converted by adding a phosphate

a)

ATP Synthase

b)

electron transport chain

c)

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

d)

adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

20.

study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe

a)

thermodynamics

b)

cellular respiration

c)

metabolism

d)

photosynthesis

21.

a chain of proteins in the mitochondria that uses energy-carying molecules from the Krebs cycl.e and oxygen to make ATP

a)

fermentation

b)

glycolysis

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

electron transport chain

22.

a type of fermentation that occurs in your muscle cells; it causes your muscles to "burn" during hard exercise

a)

lactic acid

b)

fermentation

c)

energy

d)

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

23.

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

a)

Krebs cycle

b)

glycolysis

c)

ferementation

d)

electron transport chain

24.

the stacks of thylakoids embedded in the stroma of a chloroplast

a)

chlorophyll

b)

grana (granum)

c)

stroma

d)

photosynthesis

25.

the first step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid

a)

Krebs cycle

b)

fermentation

c)

glycolysis

d)

electron transport chain

26.

all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism

a)

cellular respiration

b)

glycolysis

c)

metabolism

d)

photosynthesis

27.

light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar

a)

glycolysis

b)

Calvin Cycle

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

electron transport chain

28.

The type of metabolic pathway where polymers are built and requires energy is

a)

an enzymatic response

b)

anabolic

29.

Enzymes are

a)

able to lower activation energy of chemical reactions

b)

able to increase the rate of biochemical reactions

c)

all of the choices are correct

30.

During the light reactions, energy is provided by

a)

ATP

b)

ADP

c)

CO2

31.

All of the chemical reactions taking place within cells is called

a)

catabolism

b)

anabolism

c)

metabolism

32.

The reaction where glucose is broken down and used by cells that require oxygen is called

a)

photosynthesis

b)

respiration

c)

fermentation

33.

What is another name for glucose?

a)

Chlorophyll

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Sugar

34.

All living things do which of the following?

a)

Chemosynthesis

b)

Respiration

c)

photosynthesis

35.

#4 is pointing to an individual "pancake" in this stack. What is this called?

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoid

c)

Granum

36.

#3 is pointing to the space outside the stacks in this chloroplast. What is this area called?

a)

Thylakoid space

b)

Thylakoid

c)

Stroma

37.

The calvin cycle takes place in __________.

a)

stroma

b)

thylakoid membrane

c)

chlorophyll

38.

This is a photo of....

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

None

39.
What is the molecule called that mitochondria produce when they respire glucose?
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
DNA
d)
80p
40.

The purpose of cellular respiration is to

a)

make water

b)

make ATP

c)

make glucose

41.

Which stage of the cellular respiration process produces the most ATP?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Acetyl CoA

c)

Electron Transport Chain

42.

Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing:

a)

Activation Energy

b)

pH

c)

Hydrogen Bonds

43.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
44.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
45.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
46.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
47.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
48.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
49.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
50.

How many chromosomes do human cells have?

a)

46

b)

23

c)

2

d)

44

51.

Bundled up, organized DNA is called a

a)

gene

b)

trait

c)

chromosome

d)

nucleotide

52.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
53.

A change in a DNA sequence(order) that affects genetic information.

a)

Recessive trait

b)

Mutation

c)

Allele

54.
the process of making a copy of DNA
a)
transcription
b)
double helix
c)
DNA replication
d)
replication fork
55.
__________________ is a change in the nucleotide base sequence of DNA.
a)
switch
b)
eraser
c)
creation
d)
mutation
56.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
57.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
58.

DNA POLYMERASE'S JOB IS TO DO THE FOLLOWING

a)

UNTWIST THE DNA MOLECULE

b)

CARRY THE CODE TO THE RIBOSOME

c)

PROOFREAD THE DNA STRAND FRO REPLICATION

59.

WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE ENZYME THAT UNZIPS THE DNA MOLECULE?

a)

REPLICASE

b)

DNA POLYMERASE

c)

HELICASE

d)

ZIPACASE

60.

Which of the following is not a DNA base?

a)

ADENINE

b)

THYMINE

c)

URACIL

d)

GUANINE

61.

Nucleotides are the _____________ that make up the DNA and RNA ___________.

a)

MONOMERS, POLYMERS

b)

POLYMERS, MONOMERS

62.

WHAT IS A NUCLEOTIDE MADE OF?

a)

DEOXYRIBOSE, PHOSPHATE, NITROGENOUS BASE

b)

RIBOSE, NITROGEN, CARBOHYDRATES

c)

DEOXYRIBOSE, PROTEINS

d)

NITROGEN AND PROTEIN

63.

The picture below shows an enzyme unwinding and unzipping DNA.

​

​What is the name of this enzyme?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

64.

Which of the following DNA nucleotides are paired with the correct corresponding DNA nucleotide? (mark all that apply)

a)

Adenine with Thymine

b)

Guanine with Cytosine

c)

Thymine with Cytosine

d)

Adenine with Uracil.

e)

Uracil with Thymine

65.

You are given the DNA strand 5'ATGCTCAGCTGA3'. What is the corresponding DNA strand?

a)

5'UACGAGUCGACU3'

b)

5'TACGAGTCGACT3'

c)

3'UACGAGUCGACU5'

d)

3'TACGAGTCGACT5'

66.

Many enzymes are involved in DNA replication. Which is the correct order of enzymes involved in DNA replication from beginning to end?

a)

Helicase, DNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

b)

RNA primase, Helicase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

c)

Helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, Ligase

d)

DNA primase, Helicase, RNA polymerase, Ligase

67.

Which is the role of DNA polymerase?

a)

Unwinds the original DNA strand

b)

Lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

Builds new strands by bringing in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Remove Okazaki fragments for new nucleotides.

68.

Which is the last step of DNA replication?

a)

RNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

DNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

RNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

69.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
70.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
71.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
72.

What is the charge of a DNA molecule?

a)

Positive because of the purine bases

b)

Negative because of the phosphate groups

c)

Positive because deoxyribose has a positive charge

d)

Negative because of the hydrogen bonds

73.

What's the difference between purine and pyrimidine nitrogen bases?

a)

Pyrimidines are only found in DNA, not RNA

b)

Pyrimidines have two rings, Purines have one

c)

Purines are only found in DNA, not RNA

d)

Purines have two rings, Pyrimidines have one

74.

Which statement is true about RNA?

a)

RNA is usually single stranded and contains the base uracil

b)

RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine

c)

RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function

d)

All of the above are true.

75.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
76.

Which RNA carries the message?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

77.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
78.
what does mRNA do?
a)
carry info from genes to ribosomes
b)
carry amino acids to ribosomes
c)
help with RNA splicing
d)
make up ribosomes
79.
Which of these bases does not exist in RNA?
a)
C
b)
T
c)
U
d)
A
80.
Translation is the process where
a)
mRNA is created in the Nucleus
b)
mRNA is decoded to form a protein 
c)
glucose molecules are made
d)
is where lipids are synthesised
81.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
d)
protein synthesis
82.

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Homeostasis

83.
RNA is read in sections called:
a)
Triplets
b)
Genes
c)
Codons
d)
Genes
84.

WHERE is the DNA molecule located?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Chromosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Bacteriophage

85.

Chromatin consistsof DNA that is tightly coiled around protiens called

a)

Hox Genes

b)

Histones

c)

Nucleosomes

d)

Plasmid

86.

What is used to unzip DNA molecules?

a)

DNA Polymerse

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

RNA Primer

d)

Histone

87.

The copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Gene Regulation

d)

Replication

88.

What is the job of the RNA molecule?

a)

Make up ribosomes

b)

Carry copies of instructions

c)

Protien Synthesis

d)

Unzip the double helix

89.

What are the "messengers" from DNA to the rest of the cell?

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Ribose

c)

DNA

d)

mRNA

90.

What is a CHANGE in the DNA sequence?

a)

Translation

b)

Mutation

c)

Replication

91.

When a segment of the chromosome is REPEATED.

a)

Translation

b)

Deletion

c)

Duplication

d)

Inversion

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