WorksheetsGene transcription and translation
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 11mins
Describe the Central Dogma of Life
DNA> Transcription > RNA > translation > Protein
RNA> translation> DNA> transcription > Protein
Protein> translation>RNA> translation> DNA
DNA> translation>RNA>transcription> Protein
Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA does not need ___ to start
Ligase
Primer
Helicase
Histones
Which are the three STOP codons?
UCU, UCC, UCA
UAA, UAG, UGA
CGU, CGC, CGA
GGU, GGC, GGA
What is the start codon?
(a)
What carries amino acids to the ribosome, the site of protein synthesis?
(a)
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases do what?
Enzymes that join ribosomes to tRNAs
Enzymes that synthesize tRNA
Enzymes that charge tRNA molecules with their appropriate amino acid
Match the appropriate ribosome sites to their specific function:
(1) where the charged tRNA carrying the next AA to be added enters
(2) where the growing polypeptide chain is held by the tRNA
(3) where the tRNA exits
(1) A site: Aminoacyl-tRNA binding site
(2) P site: Peptidyl-tRNA binding site
(3) E site: Exit site
(1) P site: Peptidyl-tRNA binding site
(2) A site: Aminoacyl-tRNA binding site
(3) E site: Exit site
(1) E site: Exit site
(2) A site: Aminoacyl-tRNA binding site
(3) P site: Peptidyl-tRNA binding site
Which of the following are subtypes of chromosomal mutations?
germline, somatic, point
missense, nonsense, silent
duplications, deletions, inversions, translocations
A sequence of RNA shown below
5' CAA AAU GCG AUC 3'
His-Asn- Ala-Met
Val-Leu-Arg-Stop
Gln-Asn-Ala-Ile
Gln-Asn-Pro-Tyr
Protein Subunit that binds to the core RNA polymerase to create what is known as the RNA polymerase holoenzyme. Binds to the promotor to initiate transcription (in prokaryotes)
Beta
Sigma
Alpha
Gamma
In eukaryotes, termination occurs when a sequence called __________________ is transcribed.
Start Codon AUG
Stop codons UGA, UAG. UAA
polyadenylation signal AAUAAA
mammalian polyadenylation specificity factor (mPSF)
tRNA
sequence of three nucleotides that will code for a particular amino acid
combines with proteins to form ribosomes to help make proteins
delivers the correct AA to the ribosome during protein synthesis
transmits information from the DNA; pattern for assembling AA
__________ cuts the ore-mRNA, removed the intron and joins the exon together
Holoenzymes
Spliceosome
snRNPS
tRNAs
An insertion mutation occurs, leaving 31 nucleotides in a DNA sequence.
15
10
11
31
Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of translation?
anticodon
mRNA
Ligase
Amino Acid
Amino acids are joined together into a protein chain by which of the following?
hydrogen bonds
transfer RNA
messenger RNA
DNA polymerase
What occurs when the small subunit binds to the mRNA at the 5' end and scans the mRNA in a 3' direction until it reaches the start codon?
translation initiation
transcription
translation elongation
translation termination
T/F: in prokaryotes, the AUG encountered by the ribosomes is the start codon, but translation initiation also requires the 5' cap that is added during mRNA processing following transcription
T
F
Which terminus are amino acids added onto the growing peptide?
N-terminus
C-terminus
What occurs when a stop codon appears at the A site and the release factor enters the A site and binds to the stop codon?
translation initiation
translation elongation
translation termination
DNA synthesis
Match the appropriate post-translational modification:
(1) cleavage of a regulatory subunit from a polypeptide to convert an inactive precursor to its active form
(2) addition of carbohydrates to the polypeptide chain to aid in targeting and recognition
(3) addition of phosphate groups to the polypeptide to alter the shape and therefore the activity of the protein
(1) glycosylation
(2) proteolysis
(3) phosphorylation
(1) proteolysis
(2) glycosylation
(3) phosphorylation
(1) phosphorylation
(2) glycosylation
(3) proteolysis
