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College Biology Unit 2 Review

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 47mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are bacterial cell walls made of?

a)

Glycerophospholipids

b)

Peptidoglycans

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Chloramphenicol

2.
Bacteria are called _____ because their DNA is not contained in a nucleus.
a)
prokaryotes
b)
eukaryotes
c)
cells
d)
viruses
3.
A disease causing organism
a)
pathogen
b)
poison
c)
vaccine
d)
prokaryote
4.

how are bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics?

a)

bacteria does not become resistant to antibiotics.

b)

by a genetic mutation/by acquiring resistance from another bacterium.

c)

by wishing they were resistant.

d)

antibiotic resistance does not exist.

5.
Based on the figure, which antibiotic inhibited the growth of the bacteria the most?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
6.
The area where bacteria cannot survive because of the antibiotic:
a)
zone of inhibition
b)
zone of prohibition
c)
the friend zone
d)
zone of unhappiness
7.
Which one of the statements is true?
a)
Bacteria are still becoming more resistant to antibiotics
b)
Antibiotics are being used less
c)
Humans are becoming more resistant to bacteria
d)
Antibiotics are becoming weaker
8.

Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called

a)

replication

b)

meiosis

c)

mitosis

d)

binary fission

9.
Which bacteria causes MRSA?
a)
Staphylococcus epidermidis 
b)
Staphylococus aureus
c)
Staphylococcus pseudointermedius
d)
Escherichia coli 
10.

a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides, forming two identical cells.

a)

binary fission

b)

conjugation

c)

decomposer

d)

pasteurization

11.

What is natural selection?

a)

When reproduction occurs and mutations happen.

b)

When a offspring has the traits from its parents.

c)

When an organism is able to camoflauge in its environment.

d)

the process whereby organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more offspring.

12.

Antibiotic resistant bacteria can

a)

Survive

b)

Reproduce

c)

Pass on the resistant gene to their offspring

d)

All of the above

13.
What is antibiotic resistance?
a)
The ability for humans to resist antibiotics.
b)
The ability for humans to repel bacteria. 
c)
The ability for bacteria to resist antibiotics.
d)
The ability for bacteria to become weak from antibiotics.
14.

A population of bacteria is treated with an antibiotic; however, a few remaining bacteria survive. How did this antibiotic resistance occur?

a)

The bacteria acquired new traits that enabled them to survive the treatment.

b)

The antibiotic was not strong enough.

c)

The wrong antibiotic was used to treat the infection.

d)

The bacteria possessed mutations that made them naturally resistant to the medicine.

15.

How many antibiotics does this bacteria seem to be resistant to?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

All of them

d)

None of them

16.

_______________ are chemicals produced by bacteria and fungi that inhibit or kill other microbes.

a)

plasmas

b)

disinfectants

c)

antiseptics

d)

antibiotics

17.

Thick peptidoglycan in cell wall

a)

Gram positive bacteria

b)

Gram negative bacteria

18.

Thin peptidoglycan in cell wall

a)

Gram positive bacteria

b)

Gram negative bacteria

19.

Stained pink

a)

Gram positive bacteria

b)

Gram negative bacteria

20.

Stains purple

a)

Gram positive bacteria

b)

Gram negative bacteria

21.
These bacteria are
a)
gram positive and negative
b)
gram positive
c)
gram negative
d)
viral
22.
These bacteria are
a)
gram positive
b)
gram negative
c)
nonliving
d)
viral
23.

This is an example of -

a)

Eukaryote Cell

b)

Prokaryote Cell

c)

Animal Cell

d)

Plant Cell

24.

Cell membranes are made of -

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

25.

Regulates the entering and exiting on materials in the cell

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

26.

Found in Eukaryotic cells only

a)

Ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

27.

Creation of proteins, responsible for protein synthesis

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Ribosomes

28.

Breaks down glucose to make ATP

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Lysosomes

29.

Stores water and nutrients for the cell

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Vacuole

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Cytoplasm

30.

Extra outside layer of protection

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

ER

d)

Chlorophyll

31.

Converts light energy into food for the plant and carbon dioxide into oxygen through Photosynthesis.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cell Wall

32.

What is true of a prokaryotic cell?

a)

they have a nucleus

b)

they are NOT condiered to be alive

c)

they reproduce by binary fission

d)

they do not have a cell wall

33.

1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a prokaryotic cell?

a)

Cellulose cell wall

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Absence of nucleus

d)

Large subunit (80S) ribosome

34.
Multicellular means
a)
made of many cells
b)
made of one kind of cell
c)
made of only one cell
35.

Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

a)

Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

b)

Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.

c)

Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

d)

Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.

36.

A _____ is something in the environment that causes an organism to respond.

a)

stimulus

b)

response

c)

cause

d)

effect

37.
When a baby kitten becomes an adult cat, this is an example of...
a)
energy metabolism
b)
growth and development
c)
response to stimuli
d)
having cells
38.

Your body shivers when you are cold. This is because of the concept of (other than response to stimulus)...

a)
homeostasis
b)
heredity
c)
energy metabolism
d)
cellular organization
39.

Maintaining a stable internal environment is called

a)

homeostasis

b)

equilibrium

c)

balance

d)

evenness

40.

Reproduction that only involves one parent and all offspring are identical; for example, binary fission of bacteria or amoebas.

a)

Asexual

b)

Sexual

c)

Division

d)

Addition

41.
Green plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things maintain homeostasis
d)
All living things grow
42.

Occurs when an animal offspring grows from a piece of its parent. (like a starfish)

a)

binary fission

b)

budding

c)

mitotic cell division

d)

regeneration/fragmentation

43.

Which of these is NOT an advantage of asexual reproduction.

a)

Enables organisms to reproduce without a mate

b)

Requires less time and energy

c)

Results in little genetic variation

d)

Enables organisms to produce large amounts of offspring

44.
Which type of cell is unspecialized?
a)
skin cell
b)
stem cell
c)
liver cell
d)
muscle cell
45.
what is the role of stem cells in the body 
a)
fight against infection 
b)
provide specialized roles in the body 
c)
used for fertility treatment 
d)
they produce new specialized cells in the body to replace old cells that are used up 
46.

If pressure increases on a mothers cervix during childbirth then oxytocin increases, this is an example of ____ feedback?

a)

Thermoregulation

b)

Blood Pressure

c)

positive

d)

negative

47.
chemical made by glands that tell cells to make something or respond in some way.
a)
acid
b)
enzyme
c)
perspiration
d)
hormone
48.
Name the levels of organization in the human body in order from smallest to largest:
a)
Tissue, organ, organ system
b)
Organ system, tissue, organs, cells
c)
Cells, tissue, organs, organ system
d)
Cells , organs, tissue, organ system
49.

Homeostasis

a)

allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment

b)

is impossible in vertebrates

c)

is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation

50.

Puritans left and colonized America. Most of the Puritans had a blood disorder. In the new American colony, 90% of children have the blood disorder. This is an example of

a)

natural selection

b)

bottleneck

c)

founder effect

51.

Wolves only hunt for orange foxes. Orange foxes go extinct, but white foxes stay alive. This is an example of

a)

natural selection

b)

bottleneck

c)

founder effect

52.

A hurricane wipes out an entire population of bees. This is an example of

a)

natural selection

b)

bottleneck

c)

founder effect

53.

According to natural selection, a being "fit" means..

a)

you are strong

b)

you are fast

c)

you can survive and reproduce

d)

you can eat more than others

54.

Fill in the blank:


"_________________ are a measure of how common a particular allele is in the gene pool of a population."

a)

Traits

b)

Allele frequencies

c)

Point mutations

d)

Phenotypes

55.

The variations of a gene are known as...?

a)

Genotypes

b)

Phenotypes

c)

Alleles

d)

Mutations

56.

When new individuals join the population from a different gene pool or when some individuals leave a population, what is known as?

a)

Gene flow

b)

Genetic drift

c)

Genetic variation

d)

Adaptive value

57.

The change in allele frequencies in a population due to random events is knows as...?

a)

Environmental pressures

b)

Gene flow

c)

Genetic drift

d)

Favourable phenotypes

58.

What event can significantly reduce the size of the population and thus its genetic diversity?


(select all that apply)

a)

Natural disasters

b)

Individuals moving in and out

c)

Land clearing

d)

Inbreeding

59.

If a small group of individuals move to a new location and establish a new population, this is known as...?

a)

Genetic drift

b)

Bottleneck effect

c)

Founder effect

d)

Random chance

60.

A drastic reduction in the size of a population that can change allele frequencies is called

a)

the bottleneck effect

b)

the gene flow effect

c)

the Thanos effect

d)

the founder effect

61.
Natural Selection
a)
process by which organisms that are mist suited to their environment survive and reproduce mist successfully; also called survival of the fittest
b)
A technique used to determine the actual age of a fossil on the basis of the amount of a radioactive element it contains
c)
situation in which allele frequencies in a population remail the same
62.
Bottleneck Effect
a)
a change in allele freequencies following a dramatic reduction in the size of the population
b)
all the genes, including all the different allels for each gene, that are present in a population at any one time
c)
process by which organisms that are mist suited to their environment survive and reproduce mist successfully; also called survival of the fittest
63.
Founder Efffect
a)
change in allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population
b)
Bacteria that can carry out photosynthesis
c)
Preserved remains of once-living organisms
64.
Speciation
a)
formation of a new species
b)
Evolutionary change above the species level.
c)
evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period.
65.
endosymbiotic theory
a)
a theory that states that certain kinds of prokaryotes began living inside of larger cells and evolved into the organelles of modern-day eukaryotes
b)
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
c)
A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions, resulting in earthquakes
66.
Earth's early conditions
a)
volcanic eruptions, meteors, asteroids, comets constantly entered Earth, water present, oxygen not present so the first organisms would have to be anaerobic (able to survive w/o oxygen)
b)
the movement of genes into or out of a population
c)
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other, resulting in sea-floor spreading
67.

A prolonged drought that lasted from 2017 to 2019 caused a reduction to the water level of a local lake. The lake serves as the habitat for a population of trout. Due to the reduced water levels, the trout were pushed closer to the surface of the water. This thereby allows birds, like bald eagles, to spot and grab the trout. A heavy rain season in 2020 brought the water levels of the lake back to normal, or pre-2017 levels. The population of trout, however, was significantly reduced. What does this example best represent?

a)

Mutations

b)

Bottleneck effect

c)

Founder effect

d)

Gene Flow

e)

Natural Selection

68.
a measure of how commonly a particular allele occurs in a population is known as the 
a)
gene pool
b)
allele frequency
c)
mutation rate
d)
phenotype
69.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because the offspring are more likely to survive and reproduce with these traits.

b)

Because the offspring are less likely to survive and reproduce with these traits.

c)

This statement is false; all traits are equal.

d)

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

70.

An inherited trait that helps those organisms that have it to survive

a)

niche

b)

structure

c)

characteristic

d)

adaptation

71.

This is the organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

a)

Variation

b)

Mutation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Gradualism

72.

A trunk-crown anole has larger toe pads, which means it is better _____ to live high up in the canopy.

a)

adapted

b)

evolved

c)

selected

d)

raised

73.

Organisms that live in similar habitats and have similar body types are referred to as...

a)

ecomorphs

b)

species

c)

common ancestors

d)

adaptations

74.

the differentiation of roles in a given space that enables similar species to coexist in a community

a)

character displacement

b)

climax community

c)

resource partitioning

d)

pioneer species

75.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
a)
speciation
b)
biological species concept
c)
reproductive barrier
d)
natural selection

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