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Macromolecules & Cell Structure

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which biomolecule group includes fats, oils, and waxes?
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipids
d)
Carbohydrate
2.
Protein shape determines the _________________
a)
proteins function
b)
proteins temperature
c)
proteins sugar content
d)
proteins fat content
3.
Glycogen, Chitin and Cellulose are examples of:
a)
Carbohydrates (polysaccharides)
b)
Fats
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
4.
Waterproofs, insulates, and stores energy long-term
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
5.
Speed up chemical reactions, protects against infections, and structural component of hair, skin, and muscles
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
6.
Glucose is an example of a:
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
7.
You are analyzing a compound in the laboratory. You find that it is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom. How will you classify the compound?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
carbohydrate
d)
nucleic acid
8.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
9.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
10.
When a protein unfolds, it is
a)
Denatured
b)
Building
c)
Adding amino acids
d)
Making food
11.

The quaternary structure of a protein is

a)

the simplest structure

b)

the most complex level

c)

is less complex than tertiary structure

d)

is less complex than primary structure

12.

Which protein structure is matched correctly?

a)

primary structure : folded amino acid chains due to hydrogen bonds

b)

secondary structure : interactions between more than one amino acid chain in a protein

c)

tertiary structure : 3D structure due to interactions of R groups on amino acids

d)

quaternary structure : chain of amino acids

13.
The two types of folding in the secondary structure are.....
a)
alpha-helix & beta-pleated sheets
b)
polypeptide & nucleotide
c)
globular & fibrous
14.
Unsaturated fats have _______________
a)
bent structure
b)
double bonds
c)
liqudity at room temperature
d)
all of the above
15.
The following equation represents the digestion of a protein.
Peptide + Water  --->  Amino acid + Amino Acid 
What type of reaction does this demonstrate?
a)
dehydration synthesis
b)
combustion
c)
hydrolysis
d)
single replacement
16.
This organelle acts like a gatekeeper, allowing some materials to pass through it, but not others. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Vacuole
17.
What structure is in plant cells but not animal cells?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Vacuole
18.
This organelle is a gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Vacuole
d)
Golgi Body
19.
Which organelle packages up waste to be eliminated?
a)
Golgi Complex
b)
ribosomes
c)
nucleus
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
20.
What is the difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
21.
surrounds the cell; controls what enters/leaves cell; maintains homeostasis
a)
vacuole
b)
cell wall
c)
cell membrane
d)
lysosome
22.
breaks down food to release energy
a)
nucleus
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuole
23.
makes proteins
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosomes
c)
lysosomes
d)
vacuole
24.
contains enzymes (proteins that speed up digestion and chemical reactions0
a)
lysosome
b)
ribosome
c)
nucleus
d)
golgi body
25.

Which organelle produces ribosomes?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Nucleus

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Smooth ER

e)

Golgi Apparatus

26.

Which organelle produces phospholipids to maintain the cell membrane and helps detox the cell?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Golgi Apparatus

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Nucleolus

e)

Smooth ER

27.

Which organelle forms the mitotic spindle fibers during cell division?

a)

peroxisomes

b)

golgi apparatus

c)

flagella

d)

centrioles

e)

cilia

28.

The cytoskeleton does all of the following EXECPT

a)

make cilia

b)

make flagella

c)

make microvilli

d)

support the cell

e)

determine blood type

29.

What is a unique characteristic of the plasma (cell) membrane?

a)

Semipermeable

b)

Rigid

c)

Jelly-like

d)

Orange

30.

Responsible for energy production

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

lysosomes

c)

ribosomes

d)

mitochondria

31.
Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function
a)
The cell membrane packages lipids for export
b)
The mitochondria perform photosynthesis
c)
The lysosome digests molecules
d)
The nucleus produces energy
32.

Liver cells are specialized cells that carry out a multitude of tasks, including the synthesis of cholesterol and the breakdown of protein metabolites. These cells would be expected to contain a large proportion of which organelle relative to all others?

a)

smooth ER

b)

rough ER

c)

golgi

d)

nucleolus

33.

Which form of glucose is stored in the human liver and muscle?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Lipids

d)

Starch

34.

Lipids are insoluble in water because lipid molecules are _________?

a)

hydophilic

b)

hydrophobic

c)

neutral

35.

Which of the following term refers to the combination of two types of monosaccharides?

a)

Monosaccharide

b)

Disaccharide

c)

Polysaccharide

36.

Which of the following is a term that refers to an energy source obtained from plants?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Lipids

d)

Starch

37.
Which biomolecule is made of nucleotides and contain you DNA?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipids
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
38.
Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and energy storage?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
39.
What elements are common to all 4 biomolecules?
a)
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen
b)
Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
c)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
d)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphorus
40.

10. Your friend is feeling irritable, lightheaded and dizzy. They are also feeling a bit of confusion and brain fog. Which biomolecule would you recommend your friend consume?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Nucleic Acid

d)

Lipid

41.

What is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation to another?

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

mRNA

d)

tRNA

42.

What is a monomer of nucleic acids made of 3 parts, a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitogenous base

a)

DNA

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

RNA

43.

Responsible for packaging, modifying, and moving substances from the cell.

a)

mitochondria

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

nucleolus

d)

rough E.R.

44.

The control center of the cell. It houses DNA.

a)

nucleus

b)

nucleolus

c)

mitochondria

d)

cell membrane

45.

These are round organelles that digest waste, old cell parts and food.

a)

ribosomes

b)

lysosomes

c)

chloroplasts

d)

vacuoles

46.

This is a rigid structure that provides support to plant cells.

a)

cell membrane

b)

cell wall

c)

cytoplasm

d)

central vacuole

47.

These organelles contain green chlorophyll. They make food for plants.

a)

lysosmes

b)

chloroplasts

c)

ribosomes

d)

vacuoles

48.

This stores water in plant cells.

a)

chloroplasts

b)

cell wall

c)

vacuoles

d)

central vacuole

49.

These are protein builders. They are located on the rough E.R.

a)

vacuoles

b)

lysosomes

c)

mitochondria

d)

ribosomes

50.
In the plasma membrane, the phospholipid heads
a)
are hydrophobic and face inward, shielded from water.
b)
are hydrophilic and face outward toward the aqueous solution on both sides of the membrane.
c)
are hydrophobic and face outward toward the aqueous solution on both sides of the membrane.
d)
are hydrophilic and face inward, shielded from the water.
51.
Which of the following is exclusively associated with prokaryotic cells?
a)
chromosomes
b)
membrane-bound nucleus
c)
ribosomes
d)
nucleoid
52.
The Golgi apparatus 
a)
strings together amino acids to produce proteins.
b)
is the site of carbohydrate breakdown.
c)
is composed of stacks of membranous vesicles that are continuous with one another.
d)
stores, modifies, and packages proteins.
53.
The function of chloroplasts is
a)
intracellular digestion.
b)
lipid synthesis.
c)
photosynthesis.
d)
cellular respiration.
54.

The plasma membrane is made up of

a)

phospholipids

b)

phospholipids and proteins

c)

proteins

d)

lipids

55.

Which cell type is MOST complex with a nucleus and many membrane-bound organelles?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

56.

Which organelle manufactures ribosomes for the cell?

a)

lysosomes

b)

nucleolus

c)

nucleus

d)

golgi apparatus

57.

The term insoluble fiber on food packages refers to which of the following molecules? (KNOW WHY!!!)

a)

cellulose

b)

polypeptides

c)

starch

d)

amylopectin

58.

Organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are called _____.

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Unicellular

c)

Eukaryotes

d)

Multicellular

59.

example of a prokaryote cell is

a)

Animal Cell

b)

Plant Cell

c)

Virus

d)

Bacteria

60.

The function of the smooth ER is to

a)

Make lipids

b)

Make proteins

c)

Make carbohydrates

d)

Make nucleic acids

61.
What is the structure labeled #4?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Cell wall
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell membrane
62.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
63.

Which structures are not found in animal cells?

a)

Lysosomes & Peroxisomes

b)

Chloroplasts, Cell wall, & Vacuole

c)

Cytoskeleton, Cytoplasm, & Centrioles

d)

They have the same structures

64.

What kind of cell?

a)

Prokaryote

b)

Eukaryote

c)

Both

65.
Plants and animal cells are examples of ___ cells 
a)
prokaryotic cells 
b)
eukaryotic cells 
66.

What organelle produces ATP

a)

mitochondria

b)

Lysosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Golgi Apparatus

67.

What are the small structures inside of cells that carry out specific functions called?

a)

Tissues

b)

Organelles

c)

Organs

68.

contains enzymes that break down materials

a)

lysosomes

b)

vesicles

c)

vacuoles

d)

cilia

69.

What is a Flagella and its purpose?

a)

A mouth used to get nutrients

b)

Protects and attacks harmful cells from entering

c)

Tail-like structure used for movement

d)

Rigid tube structue that sticks onto surfaces

70.

What is Fimbriae and its function?

a)

Hair-like bristles uses to stick onto surfaces

b)

Tail-like structure for movement

c)

A protective coating

d)

Prevents white blood cells from attacking

71.

What are Plasmids?

a)

Small singular pieces of circular DNA

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Pathogenic bacteria

d)

Provides the cell with energy

72.

What kind of cells are these?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

73.

Pictured here is a cell of unknown origin. What can scientists use to determine the type it is.

a)

It has DNA so it's Eukaryote

b)

It has a cell wall so its Prokaryote

c)

DNA is free so it's a prokaryote

d)

DNA is contained so it's eukaryote

74.

Name this shape!

a)

Bacilli

b)

Coccus

c)

Spirillum

75.

What type of cell, why?

a)

Plant, cell wall and large vacuole

b)

Plant, nucleus and small vacuoles

c)

Animal, Chloroplasts and Nucleus

d)

Bacteria, Golgi bodies and nucleolous

76.
cells of animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all?
a)
nucleoid
b)
prokaryote
c)
archaea
d)
eukaryotes
77.
Four common components of a cell are?
a)
plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes.
b)
archaea, bacteria, nucleoid, protiens
c)
plants, fungi, protists, and animals
78.
Pili
a)
Used to attach to a host cell by bacteria.
b)
Used to exchange genetic material during conjugation in prokaryotes.
c)
Used for locomotion in prokaryotes.
d)
this structure acts as an extra layer of protection, helps the cell maintain it's shape, and prevents dehydration.
79.

Are bacteria that have a cylindrical or barrel shape.

a)

Bacilli

b)

Cocci

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Spirochetes

80.
Member of a group of large spiral-shaped bacteria.
a)
lytic cycle
b)
archaea
c)
stromatolite
d)
spirochete

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