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APP S1 22 Mods 16-18 SA

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Alison opened her new jigsaw but soon realized that the puzzle pieces inside had nothing to do with the picture on the box.  She completed the puzzle without knowing what the finished picture would look like.  Which of the following did Allison use?
a)
bottom-up processing
b)
top-down processing
2.
The first time Joe had to put together a bicycle, it took a long time.  Now that he has built several bicycles, he can put together a bicycle quickly and easily because he knows what the final product should look like.  Joe's improved speed and skill can be attributed to ____.
a)
bottom-up processing
b)
top-down processing
3.
Organizing information into meaningful experiences is called
a)
sensation
b)
perception
c)
Humanistic approach
d)
Psychodynamic approach
4.
Sensation is to __________ as perception is to __________.
a)
Recognizing a stimulus; detecting a stimulus
b)
Detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus
c)
Interpreting a stimulus; detecting a stimulus
d)
Seeing; hearing
5.
________ occurs when sensory information is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced.
a)
Transduction
b)
Sensation
c)
Perception
d)
Sensory adaptation
6.
________________ processing refers to how the physical characteristics of stimuli influence their interpretation.  In other words, taking in a stimulus without any frame of reference
a)
Top-down
b)
Bottom-up
c)
Parapsychological
d)
Human factors
7.
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.  Is this a candlestick or two people's faces depends on our
a)
perception
b)
sensation
c)
bottom-up processing
d)
sensory adaptation
8.
Assuming this says "MR. FULLER'S PSYCHOLOGY CLASS IS THE BEST!" is most likely caused by our 
a)
sensation
b)
bottom-up processing
c)
top-down processing
d)
absolute threshold
9.
When brain researchers refer to brain plasticity, they are talking about
a)
The brain's ability to change and form new connections over damaged ones
b)
the brain's versatility 
c)
our adaptability to problem solving
d)
surface texture and appearance of the cerebral cortex
10.
(of a stimulus or mental process) below the threshold of sensation or consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
a)
subliminal
b)
Just Noticeable Difference
c)
absolute theshold
d)
Weber's Law
11.
Noticing a stimulus at least 50% of the time is which of the following?
a)
sensation
b)
perception
c)
absolute threshold
d)
difference threshold
12.
When you are trying out a new food and trying to determine the taste & flavor, you are using this process
a)
bottom-up
b)
top-down
c)
difference threshold
d)
selective attention
13.

The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be perceived is known as...

a)

opponent process theory

b)

feature detector

c)

sensory interaction

d)

Weber's law

e)

absolute threshold

14.
The effect of prior experience and current expectations on perception best illustrates the importance of
a)
accomodation
b)
transduction
c)
top-down processing
d)
bottom-up processing
15.
Which theory emphasizes that personal expectations and motivations influence the level of absolute thresholds?
a)
opponent-process theory
b)
bottom-up theory
c)
frequency theory
d)
signal detection theory
16.
Alice is eating a piece of fruit. After a while, she notices that the fruit tastes less sweet and tangy than it did when she first bit into it. Alice is experiencing ____.
a)
habituation
b)
accommodation
c)
sensory adaptation
d)
subliminal perception
17.
You are at a party at a banquet hall.  Even though everyone around is talking, you can hear and understand the person you are having a conversation with.   It is as if you can block out all the other conversations.  Psychologists would call this ability: 
a)
difference threshold
b)
selective attention
c)
absolute threshold
d)
sensory adaptation
18.
The event in which an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus that is in plain sight.
a)
opponent-process theory.
b)
inattentional blindness. 
c)
change blindness.
d)
choice blindness
19.

When Jason briefly turned to summon the waiter, his wife quickly switched her glass of orange soda with his glass of grape soda. Jason's failure to notice that his chosen soda had been replaced best illustrates

a)

choice blindness

b)

sensory interaction.

c)

inattentional blindness.

d)

change blindness.

20.

Research participants picked one of two photographed faces as more attractive. When researchers cleverly switched the photos, participants readily explained why they preferred the face they had actually rejected. Their behavior illustrated

a)

blind spot

b)

inattentional blindness.

c)

change blindness.

d)

choice blindness

21.
When you are expecting an incoming text message, you are much more likely to notice it the second it arrives. This best illustrates 
a)
priming. 
b)
 signal detection theory.
c)
difference thresholds.
d)
absolute thresholds.
22.
The process by which our sensory systems convert stimulus energies into neural messages is called 
a)
 transduction.
b)
parallel processing.
c)
sensory adaptation.
d)
priming.
23.

The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called

a)

gestalt.

b)

change blindness.

c)

the cocktail party effect.

d)

frequency.

24.
Photographs of people were rated more positively if the photos immediately followed a briefly flashed image of kittens. This best illustrates the impact of

a)
sensory adaptation.
b)
 interposition.
c)
retinal disparity.
d)
priming.
25.

IMAGE

the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

(a)  

26.

the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.

(a)  

27.

the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret.

(a)  

28.

the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.

(a)  

29.

the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response.

(a)  

30.

the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time.

(a)  

31.

The principle that two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion for their difference to be perceived is known as...

a)

opponent process theory

b)

feature detector

c)

sensory interaction

d)

Weber's law

e)

absolute threshold

32.
Which is True?
a)
There are an equal number of rods and cones.  Cones detect black and white
b)
there are an equal number of rods and cones.  Rods detect Black and White
c)
there are more cones than rods and cones detect black and white
d)
 There are more rods than cones and rods detect black and white
33.
We rely on binocular vision to
a)
perceive depth
b)
see colors
c)
understand optical illusions
d)
see motion
34.
Which is True?
a)
There are an equal number of rods and cones.  Cones detect black and white
b)
there are an equal number of rods and cones.  Rods detect Black and White
c)
there are more cones than rods and cones detect black and white
d)
 There are more rods than cones and rods detect black and white
35.

Which of the following statements is true?

a)
Cone cells detect light and dark
b)
Rods focus light
c)
Cones detect color
d)
Rods detect color
36.
The part of your eye that gives it its color.  It is a muscle that controls the size of your pupil.
a)
cornea
b)
lens
c)
pupi
d)
iris
37.
Where does the optic nerve take the visual information?
a)
To the Thalamus and then to the Occipital Lobe
b)
to the Hippocampus and then to the Occipital Lobe
c)
to the Hypothalamus and then to the Occipital Lobe
d)
to the Cerebellum and then to the Occipital Lobe
38.
Proposed theory for color vision with cones that are differentially sensitive to different wavelengths of light. 
a)
opponent process theory
b)
place theory
c)
trichromatic theory
39.
Proposed theory for color vision with opposing retinal process for red-green, yellow-blue, white-black.
a)
opponent process theory
b)
tri-chromatic theory
c)
frequency theory
40.
As we look at a flower, the intensity of the color we see is related to the light wave’s:
a)
amplitude
b)
hue.
c)
length.
d)
placement on the spectrum.
41.
Rather than saying a person is “colorblind,” it would be more accurate to say that the person:
a)
has a blind spot.
b)
lacks red- or green-sensitive cones.
c)
is experiencing an overstimulation of the red- and green-sensitive cones.
d)
has an excess of blue-sensitive cones. 
42.
What part of the eye is this?
a)
cornea
b)
lens
c)
iris
d)
cilicary body
43.
Which part of the eye opens in dark places and closes in bright places?  
a)
Cornea
b)
Retina
c)
Pupil
d)
Lens
44.
This part of the eye has photoreceptors called rods and cones.  They help us to see color and see at night.  It is called:
a)
optic nerve
b)
brain
c)
retina
d)
cornea
45.
This part of the eye sends messages to the brain
a)
rods
b)
retina
c)
optic nerve
d)
cones
46.
what is the iris
a)
the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil
b)
Transparent jellylike fluid that fills the eye and refracts light.
c)
Sends messages picked up by the retina to the brain 
d)
Hole passes different amounts of light
47.

Which property of light allows you to see different colors?

a)

Amplitude and Frequency

b)

Speed and Wavelength

c)

Frequency and Wavelength

48.

The place where the optic nerve leaves the retina, where there are no light-sensitive cells is the ________________.

a)

lens

b)

cornea

c)

blind spot

d)

sclera

49.

Light's __________ is the distance from peak to peak and determines the light's __________ or color. A light wave's ___________, or height, determines its __________ which influences its brightness.

a)

wavelength, hue;

amplitude, intensity

b)

amplitude, intensity;

wavelength, hue

c)

wavelength, intensity;

amplitude, hue

d)

amplitude, hue;

wavelength, intensity

50.

The tough, clear covering over the iris and pupil that helps protect the eye is the __________________.

a)

retina

b)

lens

c)

sclera

d)

cornea

51.

What is the theory that states opposing retinal processes enable color vision (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black)

a)

Trichromatic Theory

b)

Place Theory

c)

Opponent-Process Theory

d)

Signal Detection Theory

52.

This definition explains which theory below - predicts how and when we detect the presences of a faint stimulus amid background stimulation

a)

Signal Detection Theory

b)

Figure Ground Theory

c)

Place Theory

d)

Frequency Theory

53.

This theory suggests that the retina contains three different color receptors--one most sensitive to red, one to green, Trichromatic Theory one to blue--which when stimulated in a combination, can produce the perception of any color.

a)

Signal Detection Theory

b)

Cannon-Bard Theory

c)

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory

d)

Retinal Placement Theory

54.

In vision, light's WAVE AMPLITUDE determines

a)

color/hue

b)

brightness

55.

In vision, light's WAVELENGTH determines

a)

color/hue

b)

brightness

56.

When the LENS CHANGES shape to focus an image, it is called

a)

accommodation

b)

hue

c)

intensity

d)

parallel processing

57.

These nerve cells allow you to detect certain FEATURES, like shapes, angles, and movement.

a)

feature detectors

b)

parallel processing

c)

bipolar cells

d)

ganglion cells

58.

When you see a car drive by, you SIMULTANEOUSLY take in the motion, form, depth, and color. Your brain's ability to MULTITASK like this is called

a)

parallel processing

b)

feature detection

c)

dual processing

d)

signal detection theory

59.

According to the Young-Helmholtz TRICHROMATIC theory, which THREE colors receptors in your eye?

***Indicate all THREE

a)

Blue

b)

Green

c)

Yellow

d)

Red

60.

Afterimages can be explained by the

a)

opponent-process theory

b)

trichromatic theory

61.

Being able to see a candle flame 30 miles away on a clear night is the

a)

absolute threshold for human vision

b)

difference threshold for human vision

c)

perceived threshold for human vision

d)

white or gray, depending on the object’s reflectivitycanca

62.

The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye

a)

Blindspot

b)

Inattentional blindness

c)

Signal detection theory

d)

Fovea

63.

The central focal point in the retina, around which, the cones cluster

a)

Iris

b)

Fovea

c)

Optical nerve

d)

Blind spot

64.

Processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brains natural mode of information processing for many functions

a)

Sequential processing

b)

Parallel processing

c)

Gesalt

d)

Dual processing

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