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WorksheetsCharacteristics of Life, Macromolecules, & Cell Theory Review
Total questions: 63
Worksheet time: 55mins
Which of the following forms all matter?
proteins
atoms
cells
DNA
Mattias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann studied plant and animal cells under a microscope. Together these men concluded that plants and animals are made up of cells. Which scientist furthered their study to complete our modern cell theory?
Robert Hooke, who first observed cells and gave them their name
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, who observed living cells in a drop of pond water
Rudolf Virchow, who introduced the idea that all cells are created from other preexisting cells
Ernst Ruska, who designed and build the first electron microscope
Which macromolecule contains structures such as monosaccharides and polysaccharides?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which macromolecule contains structures such as DNA and RNA?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule contains structures such as fats, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule contains structures such as polypeptide chains?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's main function is major functions include: major component of muscle, form enzymes, form certain hormones, serve as antibodies, transport and store substances?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's main function is major functions include: regulation of several essential biological processes, form certain hormones, long-term energy storage, and waterproof covering?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's main function is major functions include: genetic information storage and protein synthesis?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's main function is major functions include: primary source of energy; structural component of plant cell walls?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's common elements include only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's common elements include only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (one type that makes up cell membranes may also include phosphorus and nitrogen)?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's common elements include only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and nitrogen?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which macromolecule's common elements include only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which answer best describes this molecule?
saturated fatty acid
starch
nucleotide
unsaturated fatty acid
Which answer best describes this molecule?
saturated fatty acid
starch
nucleotide
unsaturated fatty acid
Which answer best describes this molecule?
saturated fatty acid
starch
nucleotide
unsaturated fatty acid
Which answer best describes this molecule?
saturated fatty acid
starch
nucleotide
unsaturated fatty acid
Which answer best describes this molecule?
steroid
amino acid
fat
glucose
Which answer best describes this molecule?
steroid
amino acid
fat
glucose
Which answer best describes this molecule?
steroid
amino acid
fat
glucose
Which answer best describes this molecule?
steroid
amino acid
fat
glucose
Which of the following accurately describes how carbohydrates and lipids differ?
Lipids store energy, but carbohydrates do not.
Lipids contain nitrogen, but carbohydrates do not.
Carbohydrates are soluble in water, but lipids are not.
Carbohydrates are digested with enzymes, but lipids are not.
Organic compounds are composed of a variety of elements. Which of the following elements is always found in proteins but not in carbohydrates or most lipids?
nitrogen
phosphorus
carbon
hydrogen
Nucleic acids are macromolecules, but are not considered true macronutrients. Nucleic acids are similar to proteins but not in carbohydrates or most lipids?
potassium
phosphorus
sodium
sulfur
The enzyme lactase will break down milk sugar, called lactose, into glucose and galactose. Glucose and galactose are examples of which of the following?
amino acids
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
polypeptides
Bromelain is a combination of two protease enzymes found in pineapples. Protease enzymes break down proteins. Which two products are bromelain likely to produce when breaking down proteins?
amino acids
nucleic acids
fatty acids
polypeptides
The polymerization reaction here shows 2 different amino acids reacting to form a polypeptide. Even though these molecules may look completely unfamiliar to you, how can you best identify them as amino acids?
They contain nitrogen.
They react to form water.
They contain a carboxyl group, COOH.
They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
If additional amino acids are added to form a longer polymer, what type of macromolecule would result?
polysaccharide carbohydrate
triglyceride lipid
protein
single-stranded
RNA
Which of the following statements best justifies that continued polymerization, as shown, could form an enzyme?
The creation of enzymes from water.
All enzymes are proteins.
Enzymes are complex macromolecules.
Enzymes contain carbon rings.
Consider the macromolecule pictured. How do you know this macromolecule must be either a carbohydrate or a fat, but cannot be a protein or nucleic acid?
It contains all single carbon to carbon bonds.
It contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but no nitrogen and no phosphorus.
It is a polymer that contains carbon.
It contains a carboxyl group, COOH.
Which distinguishing characteristic allows you to best determine that this macromolecule is a fatty acid?
the carboxyl group and a lack of additional oxygen molecules
the single carbon to carbon bonds
the number of carbons in a continuous chain
the lack of nitrogen and phosphorus
Macromolecules are made of subunits called monomers. What are the monomers of proteins called?
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
amino acids
fatty acids
Enzymes can act as organic catalysts in living things. How do enzymes affect reaction rates in cells?
They slow down cellular reactions by inhibition.
They speed up cellular reactions by providing a site for substrates to react.
They speed up cellular reactions by providing energy to the reactants.
They slow down cellular reactions by lowering the reaction temperature.
Study the image. Which macromolecule has a structure made up of monomers similar to the one shown here?
nucleic acids
protiens
carbohydrates
fatty acids
Which of the following are made up of nucleotides?
steroid hormones
Polysaccharides
DNA/RNA
triglycerides
polypeptides
An enzyme called carbonic anhydrase is found in red blood cells. The enzyme catalyzes the decomposition reaction of H2CO3 into products of H2O and CO2. Which molecule represents the substrate in this catalyzed reaction?
carbonic anhydrase
H2CO3
H2O
red blood cells
This diagram shows cellulose. Cellulose is classified as which of the following:
a polysaccharide
an amino acid
a nucleic acid
a steroid
Amino acids can undergo dehydration synthesis reactions to form larger molecules called-
polysaccharides
triglycerides
nucleotides
polypeptides
Carbohydrates and lipids share which two of the following characteristics:
contain nitrogen
dissolve in water
form hormones
used for energy
contain primarily carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Protein in the stomach is partially digested with the help of the enzyme pepsin. In the intestines, the enzyme trypsin further breaks down the protein. Trypsin likely breaks down protein into which of these components?
amino acids
nucleic acids
fatty acids
monosaccharides
Lipids are found in all cell membranes. What is the main function of lipids found in cell membranes?
They build tissues such as bone and muscle.
They provide a selectively permeable structure for movement of materials.
They act as catalysts for cellular reactions.
They break down worn out cell parts and remove waste materials from the cell.
Cholesterol is needed to build cell membranes. What is cholesterol?
a nucleic acid
an amino acid
a carbohydrate
a lipid
Fats are a type of lipid. Which two of the following are primary functions of fats?
long-term energy
main component of cellular membranes
insulation
storage of genetic information
catalysts for chemical reactions
Study the diagram. The substance labeled "maltase" is a type of what?
lipid
carbohydrate
enzyme
steroid
Which two of the following factors affect an enzyme's shape and therefore affect its ability to function?
enzyme concentration
pH level
temperature
substrate concentration
humidity
The curves on this graph represent the same chemical reaction, one catalyzed by enzymes and one uncatalyzed.
Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the uncatalyzed reaction?
I
II
III
IV
This diagram represents a nucleic acid.
What structure makes this nucleic acid RNA rather than DNA?
This molecule contains phosphate groups instead of nitrogen groups.
The molecule contains the nitrogenous base uracil instead of thymine.
The molecule contains no nitrogenous bases.
The molecule contains complementary base pairs.
Which macromolecule is being formed in the polymerization reaction shown?
a protein
a disaccharide
a triglyceride
DNA
What is one of the functions of the macromolecule identified in this diagram?
controlling immune response
building muscle
providing energy for cells
storing genetic information
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
monosaccharide
What is the monomer of a lipid?
fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
monosaccharide
What is the monomer of a protein?
fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
monosaccharide
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
fatty acid
amino acid
nucleotide
monosaccharide
Based on the student's graphed results, which statement best supports her observation?
Catalase works best at a neutral pH around 7.0
Catalase is denatured at all pH levels above 7.0
Catalase activity is greatest in acidic solutions below 3.0 and in basic solutions above 8.0.
Catalase activity is largely unaffected by pH.
The diagram represents a metabolic pathway that uses enzymes to create various substrates.
Which of the following accurately describes the interactions between enzymes and substrates?
Each substrate is converted to a new product by the same enzyme.
Each enzyme is created as a substrate decomposes in a series of chemical reactions.
The final product in the pathway regulates enzyme 1 activity.
The final enzyme inhibits the creation of additional end product substrate.
True or False: All living things share a universal genetic code.
True
False
True or False: All living things are able to make their own food.
True
False
True or False: All living things are made of one or more cells.
True
False
True or False: All living things are made of protein.
True
False
True or False: All living things must use energy from something else.
True
False
True or False: All living things are able to respond to changes in their environment.
True
False
True or False: All living things need to maintain a fairly stable internal environment.
True
False
