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Fall 2022 Final Exam Review

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is one of the goals of science?

a)

to prove how everything came into existence

b)

to provide explanations about the natural world

c)

to show how everything stays the same

d)

to use predictions to confuse everyone who studies biology

2.

proclaimed the importance of the scientific method

a)

Aristotle

b)

Alexander Fleming

c)

Roger Bacon

d)

Charles Darwin

3.

How many variables should be changed in a controlled experiment?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

4.

Science is constantly changing.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

There are specific steps you must follw for the scientific method.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

Descriptive and usually cannot be counted

a)

data

b)

quantitative data

c)

qualitative data

d)

observation

7.

information gathered from observations

a)

data

b)

observation

c)

quantitative data

d)

qualitative data

8.

process of notiticing and describing events using your five senses

a)

observation

b)

control group

c)

data

d)

quantitative data

9.

represented by numbers, obtained by counting or measuring

a)

quantitative data

b)

control group

c)

qualitative data

d)

observation

10.

group that is exposed to "normal" conditions

a)

control group

b)

data

c)

science

d)

controlled experiment

11.

Experiment where variable are controlled

a)

control group

b)

independent variable

c)

dependent variable

d)

controlled experiment

12.

Variable that is being changed; variable that is measured

a)

dependent variable

b)

independent variable

c)

controlled experiment

d)

control group

13.

educated guess

a)

science

b)

observation

c)

inference

d)

hypothesis

14.

organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world

a)

inference

b)

science

c)

hypothesis

d)

control group

15.

variable that YOU change

a)

dependent variable

b)

independent variable

c)

controlled experiment

d)

control group

16.

logical interpretation based on prior knowledge and experience

a)

inference

b)

hypothesis

c)

observation

d)

data

17.

Discovered penicillin

a)

Aristotle

b)

Alexander Flemming

c)

Edward Jenner

d)

Roger Bacon

18.

Created the evolutionary theory of species

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Louis Pastuer

c)

Roger Bacon

d)

Edward Jenner

19.

Microscope inventor; discovered bacteria

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Alexander Flemming

d)

Gregor Mendel

20.

Father of Zoology

a)

Aristotle

b)

Joseph Lister

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Alexander Flemming

21.

Father of Genetics

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Alexander Flemming

c)

Roger Bacon

d)

Robert Hooke

22.

Created the process of pastuerization

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Louis Pasteur

c)

Gregor Mendel

d)

Charles Darwin

23.

Created the model of DNA

a)

Waston and Crick

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Gregor Mendel

d)

Joseph Lister

24.

Created the first vaccine using cowpox

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Edward Jenner

c)

Joseph Lister

d)

Watson and Crick

25.

Discovered cells while looking at cork

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Edward Jenner

c)

Aristotle

d)

Alexander Flemming

26.

First to use antiseptics for medicinal purposes

a)

Leeuwenhoek

b)

Joseph Lister

c)

Gregor Mendel

d)

Louis Pasteur

27.

If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, its mass number is

a)

3

b)

4

c)

7

d)

11

28.

A covalent bond is formed as the result of

a)

transferring electrons

b)

sharing electrons

c)

transferring protons

d)

sharing protons

29.

Water molecules are polar with the

a)

oxygen side being positive and the hydrogen side being negative

b)

oxygen and hyrogen sides being slightly negative

c)

oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive

d)

oxygen side being negative and the hydrogen side being positive

30.

Why is carbon so special compared to other elements?

a)

only carbon atoms can be dissolved in water solutions

b)

carbon atoms can form quadruple bonds

c)

only carbon atoms can form covalent bonds with oxygen and hydrogen

d)

carbon atoms can bond to one another to form different structures

31.

How many covalent bonds can a carbon atom form?

a)

1

b)

6

c)

4

d)

12

32.

In chemical reactions, atoms are

a)

created

b)

destroyed

c)

rearranged

d)

neutralized

33.

The subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom are

a)

protons and neutrons

b)

neutrons and electrons

c)

electrons and protons

d)

electrons, protons, and neutrons

34.

The atomic number is equal to the number of what in the atom?

a)

ions

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

d)

protons

35.

All of the following are lipids except

a)

nucleotides

b)

triglycerides

c)

phospholipids

d)

cholesterol

36.

When sugar is dissolved in water, water is the

a)

reactant

b)

solute

c)

solvent

d)

solution

37.

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

a)

move substances in and out of cells

b)

help to fight disease

c)

control the rate of reactions

d)

store and transmit genetic information

38.

Which of the following statements is true about catalysts?

a)

They slow down the rates of reaction

b)

they are used up during a chemical reaction

c)

all catalysts are enzymes

d)

they lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction

39.

negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom

a)

electron

b)

proton

c)

neutron

40.

neutrally charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom

a)

electron

b)

neutron

c)

proton

41.

The energy needed to get a reaction started

a)

activation energy

b)

chemical energy

c)

adhesion energy

d)

cohesion energy

42.

positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom

a)

electron

b)

proton

c)

neutron

43.

basic building blocks of proteins

a)

monosaccharides

b)

carbohydrates

c)

amino acid

d)

polysaccharide

44.

double helix, the primary nucleic acid in most organisms

a)

Polysaccharide

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

DNA

45.

An enzyme is this type of organic compound

a)

protein

b)

amino acid

c)

carbohydrate

d)

saturated

46.

What type of organic compound is C5H10O5? (think ratio)

a)

Monosaccharide

b)

Polysaccharide

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Unsaturated

47.

Simple sugars that are the monomers of carbohydrates

a)

monosaccharides

b)

polysaccharides

c)

carbohydrates

d)

DNA

48.

large molecule made of many monosaccharides

a)

monosaccharide

b)

polysaccharide

c)

carbohydrate

d)

amino acid

49.

when one or more of the carbon atoms in a fatty acid are double bonded, resulting in fewer hydrogen atoms bonded

a)

monosaccharide

b)

carbohydrate

c)

unsaturated

d)

saturated

50.

when all of the carbons in a fatty acid are single bonded

a)

saturated

b)

unsaturated

c)

polysaccharide

d)

DNA

51.

non-membrane bound organelle used in protein synthesis

a)

cilia

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosome

d)

secretion vesicle

52.

small membrane-bound organelle that contains digestive enzymes

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

lysosome

53.

folds of cellular membranes that perform specialized tasks including the synthesis of membranes and detoxifying drugs

a)

cilia

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosome

d)

secretion vesicle

54.

rigid structure that surrounds plant cells

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

lysosome

55.

the outer boundary of a cell that separates it from the environment and is selectively permeable

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cilia

d)

lysosome

56.

powerhouse of the cell; breaks down sugars into usable energy

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

rough ER

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuole

57.

flat sac-like structures that modify, sort, and package complex carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

rough ER

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuole

58.

folds of cellular membranes that are the site of protein synthesis where proteins are also modified within the passageways

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

rough ER

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuole

59.

movement of molecules across a membrane with the concentration gradient and does not use energy

a)

hypotonic

b)

passive transport

c)

phagocytosis

d)

isotonic

60.

when the concentration of solutes outside the cell is the same as the concentration inside the cell, the solution is

a)

hypotonic

b)

passive transport

c)

phagocytosis

d)

isotonic

61.

cells in a fluid with a concentration at solutes higher than that inside the cell are in this type of solution

a)

hypertonic

b)

active transport

c)

pinocytosis

d)

facilitated diffusion

62.

energy is required and a substance moves across a membrane against the concentration gradient

a)

hypertonic

b)

active transport

c)

pinocytosis

d)

facilitated diffusion

63.

Solution outside of the cell has a higher concentration of water molecules and a lower concentration of solutes than the solution inside

a)

hypotonic

b)

passive transport

c)

phagocytosis

d)

isotonic

64.

Which scientist found that all plants re made of cells?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Rudolph Virchow

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

65.

Which scientist found that all animals are made of cells?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Rudolph Virchow

c)

Mathias Schleiden

d)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

66.

To study a protein on the surface of a cell, a scientist would likely use

a)

light microscope

b)

scanning electron microscope

c)

transmission electron microscope

d)

compound microscope

67.

One major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells

a)

do not have a nucleus

b)

have a nucleus

c)

do not have a cell membrane

d)

don't have membrane bound organelles

68.

In what ways are electron and light microscopes different?

a)

electron microscopes use infrared light instead of magnetic fields

b)

electron microscopes use infrared light instead of UV light

c)

electron microscopes use magnetic fields instead of light

d)

electron microscopes use beams of electrons instead of light

69.

In order to maintain homeostasis, multicellular organisms

a)

have one cell do all of the jobs for the organism

b)

have cells doing specific tasks for the organism

c)

have all cells doing all jobs for the organism

d)

have specific cells that will only do a job once, then will no longer function

70.

Organisms that make their own food

a)

autotroph

b)

chlorophyll

c)

heterotroph

d)

photosynthesis

71.

The ultimate source of energy for all living things

a)

photosynthesis

b)

sun

c)

stroma

d)

chlorophyll

72.

The process of absorbing light energy and converting it into stored chemical energy

a)

sun

b)

photosynthesis

c)

stroma

d)

light-dependent reaction

73.

unit of usable energy in living organisms

a)

autotroph

b)

chlorophyll

c)

adenosine triphosphate

d)

heterotroph

74.

organisms that depend on other organisms for their energy; they must consume other organisms

a)

autotroph

b)

chlorophyll

c)

adenosine triphosphate

d)

heterotroph

75.

Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into

a)

oxygen

b)

sugars

c)

ATP and oxygen

d)

oxygen and sugars

76.

If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant's environment, what would you expect to happen to its production of high-energy sugars?

a)

more sugars will be produced

b)

no sugars will be produced

c)

the same number of sugars will be produced but without carbon dioxide

d)

carbon dioxide does not affect the production of high-energy sugars in plants

77.

Which of the following is NOT a part of an ATP molecule?

a)

adenine

b)

chlorophyll

c)

ribose

d)

phosphate

78.

Energy is released from ATP when

a)

a phosphate group is added

b)

adenine bonds to ribose

c)

ATP is exposed to sunlight

d)

phosphate group is removed

79.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about ATP?

a)

ATP consists of ribose, adenine, and three phosphate groups

b)

ADP is produced when ATP releases energy

c)

ATP provide energy for the mechanical functions of cells

d)

Used ATP is discarded by the cells as waste

80.

The stroma is the space that surrounds

a)

thylakoids

b)

plant cells

c)

chloroplasts

d)

all of the above

81.

A granum is a

a)

stack of chloroplasts

b)

membrane enclosing a thylakoid

c)

stack of thylakoids

d)

photosynthetic pigment

82.

Which of the following are used in the overall reactions for photosynthesis?

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

light

c)

water

d)

all of the above

83.

Which stop is the beginning of photosynthesis?

a)

pigments in photosystem 1 absorb light

b)

pigments in photosystem 2 absorb light

c)

high-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain

d)

ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane

84.

Where are photosystems 1 and 2 found?

a)

in the stroma

b)

in the Calvin Cycle

c)

in the thylakoid membrane

d)

all of the above

85.

Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?

a)

in the ATP

b)

in the thylakoid membrane

c)

in the stroma

d)

in the thylakoid space

86.

Why are electron carriers needed for transporting electrons from one part of the chloroplast to another?

a)

high-energy electrons would be destroyed

b)

high-energy electrons are highly reactive

c)

high-energy electrons are not soluble in the cytoplasm

d)

high-energy electrons get their energy from electron carriers

87.

Which of the following is NOT a step in the light-dependent reactions?

a)

high energy electrons move through the electron transport chain

b)

pigments in photosystem 2 absorb light

c)

ATP synthase allows H+ ions to pass through the thylakoid membrane

d)

ATP and NADPH are used to make high-energy sugars

88.

If you continue to increase the intensity of light that a plant receives, what happens?

a)

the rate of photosynthesis increases indefinitely with light intensity

b)

the rate of photosynthesis decreases indefinitely with light intensity

c)

the rate of photosynthesis increases and then levels off

d)

the rate of photosynthesis does not change

89.

What happens to the rate of photosynthesis when the temperature decreases?

a)

stays the same

b)

increases

c)

decreases

d)

temperature doesn't affect the rate of photosynthesis

90.

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll

a)

reflects green light

b)

absorbs green light

c)

reflects violet light

d)

absorbs violet light only

91.

Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires

a)

light

b)

exercise

c)

glucose

d)

oxygen

92.

Photosynthesis is to chloroplast as cellular respiration is to

a)

chloroplasts

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

mitochondria

d)

nuclei

93.

The products of photosynthesis are the

a)

products of cellular respiration

b)

reactants of cellular respiration

c)

products of glycolysis

d)

reactants of fermentation

94.

Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of

a)

18 ATP molecules

b)

2 ATP molecules

c)

36 ATP molecules

d)

4 ATP molecules

95.

The starting molecule for the Krebs cycle is

a)

glucose

b)

NADH

c)

coenzyme A

d)

pyretic acid (acetyl-CoA)

96.

The electron transport chain occurs in the

a)

inner membrane of mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

cell membrane

d)

matrix of mitchondria

97.

Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to make about

a)

2 ATP molecules

b)

32 ATP molecules

c)

4 ATP molecules

d)

36 ATP molecules

98.

Lactic acid fermentation takes place which of the following

a)

bread dough

b)

mitochondria

c)

muscle cells

d)

any environment containing oxygen

99.

Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of

a)

making more citric acid

b)

replenishing oxygen

c)

stopping the electron transport chain

d)

restarting glycolysis

100.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?

a)

glycolysis --> fermentation --> Krebs Cycle

b)

Krebs cycle --> electron transport chain --> glycolysis

c)

Glycolysis --> Krebs cycle --> electron transport chain

d)

Krebs cycle --> glycolysis --> electron transport chain

101.

Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen

b)

water

c)

glucose

d)

lactic acid

102.

Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in

a)

animal cells only

b)

plant cells only

c)

prokaryotic cells only

d)

all living things

103.

The starting molecule for glycolysis is

a)

ADP

b)

pyruvic acid

c)

citric acid

d)

glucose

104.

What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen and lactic acid

b)

carbon dioxide and water

c)

glucose and oxygen

d)

water and glucose

105.

During one turn, the Krebs cycle produces

a)

oxygen

b)

lactic acid

c)

electron carriers

d)

glucose

106.

Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Electron transport

c)

Krebs cycle

d)

all of the above

107.

The energy of the electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to make

a)

lactic acid

b)

citric acid

c)

alcohol

d)

ATP

108.

The air bubbles and spongy texture of bread are due to which process?

a)

lactic acid fermentation

b)

glycolysis

c)

alcoholic fermentation

d)

the Krebs cycle

109.

The two main types of fermentation are called

a)

alcoholic and aerobic

b)

aerobic and anaerobic

c)

alcoholic and lactic acid

d)

lactic acid and anaerobic

110.

All of the following are sources of energy for humans during exercise except

a)

alcoholic fermentation

b)

stored ATP

c)

lactic acid fermentation

d)

cellular respiration

111.

Where is the majority of the ATP made during cellular respiration?

a)

glycolysis

b)

electron transport

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Calvin cycle

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