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Bio EOC Study Guide Test 1

Total questions: 98

Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Prokaryotes have NO...

a)

Nucleus

b)

Membrane Bound Organelles

c)

They have both

d)

They have neither

2.

Eukaryotes DO have...

a)

Nucleus

b)

Membrane Bound Organelles

c)

They have both

d)

They have neither

3.

A table with characteristics of three different cells is shown. Cell 2 is a _____.

a)

prokaryote

b)

eukaryote

4.
Which group of biomolecules provide quick energy to organisms?
a)
proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
5.
Enzymes are..
a)
nucleic acids 
b)
carbohydrates 
c)
lipids 
d)
proteins 
6.

Which one of our macromolecules would you consume in order to receive long-term energy?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

7.

In a plant cell, these two organelle work together to create glucose and convert the glucose into usable energy.

a)

Chloroplast & Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast & Cytoplasm

c)

Chloroplast & Vacuole

d)

Mitochondria & Lysosome

8.

When an animal (like us) consumes food, the food gets broken down into tiny molecules in our digestive system. These broken down molecules enter our cells. How do these molecules get into our cell and then how do they travel?

a)

Cell membrane & cytoplasm

b)

Cell membrane & Golgi Apparatus

c)

Cell membrane & nucleus

d)

Cell membrane & lysosome

9.
In passive transport, molecules move from an area of __________ concentration to an area of __________ concentraiton
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
water, salt
d)
active, passive
10.
The solution that has the highest amount of particles?
a)
Hyptonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypertonic
11.
Which is NOT a form of active transport?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Osmosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Pinocytosis
12.

Molecules that move against the concentration gradient from LOW to HIGH concentrations is an example of

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Active Transport

13.
Which does NOT require energy to occur?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis
14.
Where is the energy stored in ATP molecules
a)
In the Ribose Sugar
b)
In the Adenine group
c)
In the Phosphate bonds
d)
In the Bank
15.

The process in which plants and some other organisms use the energy in sunlight to make food.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

osmosis

d)

diffusion

16.

The process that occurs when the chemical energy of "food" molecules, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, is released and partially captured in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

a)

photosynthesis

b)

diffusion

c)

osmosisi

d)

cellular respiration

17.

An organelle in plant and algae cells that converts energy from sunlight into chemical energy that the plant can use

a)

chlorophyll

b)

chloroplast

c)

mitochondria

d)

nucleus

18.

An organelle in eukaryotic cells that is the site of cellular respiration and generates most of the cell’s ATP

a)

chlorophyll

b)

chloroplast

c)

mitochondria

d)

nucleus

19.

Which of the following is the best description of the process photosynthesis?

a)

Water, oxygen, and light are inputs while carbon dioxide and glucose are outputs

b)

Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and light are inputs and glucose is the output.

c)

Water, carbon dioxide, and light are inputs while oxygen and glucose are outputs.

d)

Glucose, oxygen, and light are inputs while carbon dioxide and water are outputs.

20.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
21.
DNA contains the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.  Which base is replaced in RNA by another base?
a)
Adenine is replaced by Uracil
b)
Thymine is replaced by Uracil
c)
Guanine is replaced by Uracil
d)
Cytosine is replaced  Uracil
22.
How are DNA and RNA similiar?
a)
They have nucleotides.
b)
They have the same sugar.
c)
They have the same bases.
d)
They are double strands.
23.
Which of the following is FALSE about RNA?
a)
RNA is a single helix
b)
RNA comprises of a ribose sugar
c)
RNA bases are: thymine, adenine, cytosine, guanine
d)
RNA can be found both inside and outside of the nucleus
24.
mRNA.....
a)
makes a complimentary copy of a section of DNA to take to the ribosome
b)
makes a complimentary copy of a section of DNA to take to the mitochondria 
c)
makes a complimentary copy of a section of DNA to aid in replication
d)
makes a complimentary copy of a strand of DNA to take to the nucleus
25.
what does mRNA do?
a)
carry info from genes to ribosomes
b)
carry amino acids to ribosomes
c)
help with RNA splicing
d)
make up ribosomes
26.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

27.

What is a ribosome made of?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

sRNA

28.

What carries the amino acids to the ribosome?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

sRNA

29.

What amino acid does the mRNA codon AGG code for?

a)

Arg

b)

Lys

c)

Ser

d)

Met

30.

The instruction of one allele covers up the instruction

of the other allele in a homologous pair. Symbolized by a capital letter.

a)

Recessive Allele

b)

Dominant Allele

c)

Heredity

d)

Trait

31.

A genotype where one dominant and one recessive allele was passed on from both parents for one trait.

Bb Aa Tt Ll

a)

Allele

b)

Homozygous Dominant

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous

32.

During meiosis and gamete formation, homologous (paired up) alleles split up

a)

Phenotype

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Genotype

d)

Dihybrid Cross

33.

During meiosis, the homologous pairs of chromosomes and the matching alleles are lined up independently.

Offspring are a mix of maternal genes and paternal genes.

This increases genetic variation.

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Crossing Over

d)

Independent Assortment

34.

The Italian monk/scientist who first showed

the principles of genetics

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Linnaeus

c)

Darwin

d)

Mendel

35.

The observable traits dictated by the genotype

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Homozygous Dominant

36.
The letters on the TOP AND SIDE of a punnett square represent ______________.
a)
The combination of alleles in offspring.
b)
The possible alleles given by the parents following meiosis.
c)
The genotype and phenotype of offspring.
d)
The results of genetic mutations in offspring.
37.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
38.
What is the probability of heterozygous offspring?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
100%
39.

The blending of two traits is known as ---

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

40.

What type of inheritance pattern is shown here?

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

41.
This is when a trait is controlled by more than one gene.
a)
Multiple alleles
b)
Polygenetic inheritance
c)
Codominance
d)
Incomplete Dominance 
42.

An inheritance pattern in which both alleles for a gene are expressed in the offspring so that both traits show up on its body is known as ---

a)

Codominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

43.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

44.

New cells have the same amount of chromosomes as the original cell

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

d)

Neither

45.

New cells have half the number of chromosomes as the original cell

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

d)

Neither

46.

Sperm and egg cells are formed

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

d)

Neither

47.

What process is division of somatic (body cells) to create new ones.

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

48.

Meiosis goes through how many cycles of cell division?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

49.

The stage in mitosis that results in two new daughter cells being formed.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

50.

The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

51.

The cell elongates and the chromosomes move toward the poles.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

52.

The theory of natural selection was introduced by

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Sir Isaac Newton

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Copernicus

53.

The hollow bones of birds, which keep birds lightweight for flying, is an example of ________

a)

Inheritance

b)

Adaptation

c)

Cool Bird stuff

d)

Variation

54.

What is the theory of natural selection?

a)

The practice by which humans select plants or animals for breeding based on desired traits.

b)

An inherited trait that helps an organism to survive.

c)

Differences in traits

d)

individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

55.

The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called _______

a)

Variation

b)

Inheritance

c)

competition

d)

Genes

56.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

b)

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

c)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

d)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce

57.

The three species pictured do not share a common ancestor, yet have evolved to have a similar anatomy and life style. This is an example of ?

a)

Homologous Structures

b)

Divergent Evolution

c)

Vestigial Organs

d)

Convergent Evolution

58.

The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of

a)

Law of Superposition

b)

Evolutionary Arms Race

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

59.

Species richness is

a)

a measure of how all of the individual organisms in an ecosystem are balanced between the different species.

b)

the total number of different species found in an ecosystem

60.

Which of the following forms of biodiversity describes the differences between individuals within the same species?

a)

Species

b)

Habitat

c)

Genetic

d)

None of the Above

61.
Why is biodiversity so important?
a)
Because all species depend on each other to survive, so if one becomes extinct another species that relies on it could go extinct as well
b)
Because it’s better to have only one variation of each species.
c)
Because it better to only have a few species on Earth.
d)
Honestly, I have no idea what biodiversity is!
62.

Who created the most commonly used system of taxonomy?

a)

Niels Bohr

b)

Watson and Crick

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Carl Linnaeus

63.
Organisms in this smallest taxonomic group share many characteristics.
a)
domain
b)
kingdom
c)
species
d)
class
64.
The science of describing, classifying, and naming living things is called:
a)
Geology
b)
Biology
c)
Taxonomy
d)
Chemistry
65.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
66.
The 8 levels of classification, broadest to most specific.
a)
Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
b)
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
c)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
d)
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus
67.
An organism made up of more than one cell would be called:
a)
multicellular
b)
unicellular
c)
heterotroph
d)
autotroph
68.
Which organism in the table is least closely related to the chimpanzee?
a)
human
b)
grey wolf
c)
tiger snake
d)
monarch butterfly
69.
Which of the following correctly describes viruses?
a)
non-living because they grow and develop
b)
living because they can use energy
c)
non-living because they cannot reproduce on their own
d)
living because they can maintain homeostasis
70.

What is the difference between the biotic and abiotic factors?

a)

Biotic factors are living things and abiotic factors are nonliving things.

b)

Biotic factors are nonliving things and abiotic factors are living things.

c)

There is no difference

71.
The smallest unit of life that can sustain itself is called...
a)
an organism.
b)
the biosphere.
c)
a population.
d)
a community.
72.
What is it called when a group of the same organisms living together in the same place at the same time?
a)
An organism
b)
A population
c)
A community
d)
A biome
73.
What are the ecological levels of organization from smallest to the largest?
a)
organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
b)
organism, community, population, ecosystem, biome, biosphere
c)
organism, population, community, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere.
d)
organism, community, population, biome, ecosystem, ecosphere
74.
What is it called when you have groups of different populations along with their abiotic factors?
a)
An organism
b)
A population
c)
A community
d)
An ecosystem
75.
What does the graph represent?
a)
Emigration
b)
Exponential growth
c)
Immigration
d)
Logistic Growth
76.
Which limiting factor would increase due to the number of individuals in a population?
a)
Unusual weather
b)
Natural disaster
c)
Births
d)
Disease
77.
As a population grows, it will most likely stop growing at what size?
a)
Growth limit
b)
Exponential limit
c)
Carrying Capacity
d)
It won't stop growing
78.
Which factor is a density-dependent limiting factor on the population of a species?
a)
seasonal variation
b)
natural disasters
c)
unusual weather
d)
predation
79.

Which of the following is the name given to organisms that make their own food?

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

decomposers

d)

omnivores

80.

What graphic organizer is represented by the image shown?

a)

food chain

b)

food web

c)

trophic level

d)

energy pyramid

81.

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

a)

A food chain shows the many different food webs in an ecosystem

b)

A food web shows the many different food chains in an ecosystem

c)

A food web shows the many different trophic levels in an ecosystem

d)

A food chain and a food web are the same; there is no difference

82.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

83.
Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____. 
a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
84.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
85.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
86.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
87.

The forest in panel #8 is a...

a)

pioneer species

b)

climax community

c)

tertiary community

d)

intermediate species

88.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
89.

This is NOT a part of the phosphorus cycle.

a)

Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks

b)

Phosphate bound to soil

c)

Atmospheric phosphate

d)

Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants

90.

What are the 3 R's?

a)

reduce, reuse, and recycle

b)

Read, record, and resources

c)

read, recycle, and record

91.

Which is NOT an example of a nonrenewable resource below?

a)

water

b)

oil

c)

wind

d)

coal

92.

Which of these is one cause of deforestation?

a)

cutting down trees

b)

overbreeding of birds in the wild

c)

throwing toxic chemicals in the river.

d)

over fishing

93.

Which of the following responses is a plant growing toward or leaning toward light?

a)

thigmotrophism

b)

phototropism

c)

gravitropism

d)

hydrotropism

94.

What term refers to a plant growing or moving away from a stimulus?

a)

Touch

b)

Dormancy

c)

Tropism

d)

Development

95.

What is Migration?

a)

When animals eat what they want

b)

When animals travel from one place to another to eat or get away from the cold weather.

c)

When animals are taught how to do something.

96.

A green snake blends in so predators can NOT find it. This is an example of?

a)

Hibernation

b)

Mimicry

c)

Migration

d)

Camouflauge

97.

What is a behavioral adaptation?

a)

Something an animal does to survive

b)

How an animal looks

c)

A structure that an animal has

d)

A bear's thick fur

98.

What is a structural adaptation?

a)

Something an animal does to survive

b)

The physical features of an organism that help it survive

c)

A woodchuck hibernating in winter

d)

A function an animal has

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