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Genetics and Heredity Unit Test Review

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 2hrs 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?
a)
Chromosomes are made of DNA
b)
DNA is made of chromosomes
c)
DNA and chromosomes are the same thing.
d)
All of the above are correct
2.

A mutation is harmful to an organism if it

a)

changes the phenotype of an organism

b)

changes the DNA segment

c)

reduces the organism's chance of survival

d)

makes the organism better able to avoid predators

3.

Who studied different characteristics of pea plants by cross-pollinating plants?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Albert Punnett

c)

Sir Isaac Newton

d)

David Kuster

4.

What is the probability of producing a tall pea plant from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

5.

A purebred horse with white hair is crossed with a purebred horse with brown hair. Each of their offspring has both white and brown hair. Why does this occur?

a)

several alleles work together to determine a trait

b)

two alleles for hair are dominant

c)

two alleles for hair are recessive

d)

the alleles for fur color are neither dominant or recessive

6.

What does a Punnett Square determine?

a)

all of Mendel's discoveries about genetic crosses

b)

all the outcomes of a genetic cross

c)

only the recessive allele combinations

d)

only the dominant allele combinations

7.

The term that relates to physical characteristics that are studied in genetics.

a)

traits

b)

offspring

c)

generations

d)

hybrids

8.

A mutation is

a)

any change that is harmful

b)

any change in a gene or chromosome

c)

any change that is helpful

d)

any change in the phenotype

9.

Scientists call an organism with two different alleles for a trait

a)

factor

b)

purebred

c)

trait

d)

hybrid

10.

An organisms's allele combination is known as

a)

phenotype

b)

mutation

c)

hybrid

d)

genotype

11.

If a homozygous black cat (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white cat (bb), what is the probability of having a cat with white fur?

a)

100%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

25%

12.

What does RR mean

a)

two dominant alleles

b)

heterozygous alleles

c)

at least one dominant allele

d)

one dominant and one recessive allele

13.

A mutation that is missing a nitrogen base is

a)

deletion

b)

substitution

c)

addition

d)

mixing

14.

A mother gives birth to a son, she then gives birth to a daughter. What is the likely hood that she will have another son?

a)

75%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

15.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
16.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
17.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
18.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
19.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
20.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
21.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
22.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
23.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
24.
In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?
The B stands for bud.
a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
25.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
26.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
27.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
28.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
29.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X r ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with red eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with white eyes

30.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red (R) is dominant to white (r). What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R Y ?

a)

male with white eyes

b)

female with white eyes

c)

male with red eyes

d)

female with red eyes

31.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What is the sex and eye color of flies with the following genotype: X R X R ?

a)

male with red eyes

b)

female with red eyes

c)

male with white eyes

d)

female with white eyes

32.

What are the genotypes of these flies:


white eyed, male ?

a)

X R X r

b)

X R X R

c)

Xr X r

d)

X r Y

e)

XR Y

33.

What are the genotypes of these flies:


white eyed, female ?

a)

X R X r

b)

X R X R

c)

Xr X r

d)

X r Y

e)

X R Y

34.

In a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male, what would the genotypes of the parents be?

a)

XRXr with XR Y

b)

XRXr with Xr Y

c)

XRXR with XR Y

d)

XRXR with Xr Y

e)

XrXr with Xr Y

35.

Look at this cross: XB XB x Xb Y

What proportion/percent of the male children are colorblind?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

25%

d)

0%

36.

Look at this cross: XBXb x XBY


What proportion of the male children are colorblind?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

37.

H= normal blood clotting

h=hemophilia


XHXh x XHY


What is the probability that any of their offspring will have hemophilia?

a)

4/4

b)

3/4

c)

2/4

d)

1/4

38.
In cacti, long arms (A) are dominant to short arms (a).  Suppose 2 heterozygous cacti are crossed.  What percentage of their offspring are expected to have short arms?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
75%
d)
100%
39.

What goes in box 1

a)

AABb

b)

ABAb

c)

aabb

d)

AaBb

40.

What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?

a)

aB, ab, AB, Ab

b)

aB, Ab, AB, AB

c)

AB, aB, AB, Ab

d)

aB, ab, aB, ab

41.

What is the correct prediction when crossing a homozygous dominant parent with a homozygous recessive parent in a dihybrid cross?

a)

75% dominant, 25% recessive

b)

1:2:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

100% heterozygous

42.

What is the correct phenotype ratio when crossing two heterozygous parents in a dihybrid cross?

a)

100% heterozygous

b)

1:2:1

c)

3:1

d)

9:3:3:1

43.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r  = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
44.
Mike has type O+ blood. Mike is a Universal Recipient.
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Jim has type AB+ blood. His dad could be type O+.
a)
True
b)
False
46.

What is the genotype for someone who has Type AB blood?

a)

IAi

b)

IAIB

c)

IBi

d)

ii

47.

What is the probability of a person who is Type O blood and a person who is Type AB blood having a kid who is Type A Blood?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

48.
Blood type is determined by the antigens.
a)
True
b)
False
49.

In hamsters, dark brown fur (CB) is codominant with white fur (CW). Show a cross between a dark brown hamster and a white hamster. What percentage of the F1 generation would be spotted (CBCW)?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

e)

0%

50.

In humans, brown eyes are dominant to blue. If a blue-eyed woman had children with a purebred brown-eyed man, what is the chance of any of their children having blue eyes.

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

e)

0%

51.

The genes for hemophilia are located on the X chromosome. It is a recessive disorder. What is the probability of having sons with hemophilia from a man normal for blood clotting and a woman who is a carrier? (HINT: You have to keep track of what sex the children are!)

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

e)

0%

52.

In cows, red fur (CR) is codominant with white fur (CW). Show a cross between a red cow and a roan cow (CRCW). What would the phenotypic ratio be?

a)

4 : 0

b)

3 : 1

c)

2 : 2

d)

1 : 2 : 1

53.

In the P generation, a purebred yellow pea plant (dominant) is crossed with a purebred green pea plant (recessive). The F1 generation is allowed to self-pollinate. What is the probability of having yellow pea plants in the F2 generation?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

e)

0%

54.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
55.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
56.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
57.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
58.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
59.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
60.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
61.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
62.
How many people in this whole pedigree have the trait/disease?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
63.
Which gender can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it?
a)
Just males
b)
Just females
c)
Both genders
64.

Huntington's Disease is a dominant trait.

What is the correct genotype for individual I-2?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

d)

H?

65.
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
a)
Cousins
b)
Dad and Daughter
c)
Uncle and Niece
d)
Grandpa and Granddaughter

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