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sustainability and biodiversity

Total questions: 113

Worksheet time: 4hrs 46mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Biodiversity is the ____________ and variability of __________ on earth

a)

variety

b)

life

c)

diversity

d)

difference

2.

Which term best describes the number and variety of organisms in a given area during a specific period of time?

a)

limiting factor

b)

biodiversity

c)

succession

d)

sustainability

3.
What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?
a)
Biotic are non-living things
b)
Abiotic are living organisms
c)
Biotic is life,
Abiotic is non-living
d)
Biotic is non-living, Abiotic is living
4.

What is one way that a temperate rainforest is different from a temperate deciduous forest?

a)

A temperate rainforest has large populations of grasses rather than tall trees.

b)

A temperate rainforest is made up of palm trees rather than coniferous trees.

c)

A temperate rainforest has a long rainy season rather than moderate, year-round rainfall.

d)

A temperate rain forest has trees that lose their leaves in winter rather than keeping them year-round.

5.

Students were asked to make a claim supported with evidence to answer the question, "Which ecosystem would be most sustainable if all the grasses died from severe drought?" What claim is valid and supported by the evidence?

a)

A. The forest ecosystem is most suitable because there are more top predators.

b)

B. The grassland ecosystem is most sustainable because there are fewer organisms that eat grass.

c)

C. The forest ecosystem is most sustainable because most of the animals can eat other organisms.

d)

D. The grassland ecosystem is most sustainable because there is less competition for food.

6.

What is biodiversity?

a)

The interaction of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem

b)

The number of different living things in an ecosystem

c)

The age of an ecosystem

d)

The type of climate an ecosystem has

7.

A pioneer species such as __________ are a combination of algae and fungus that grow on bare rock.

a)

A. Mistletoe

b)

B. Legumes

c)

C. Lichens

d)

D. Mushrooms

8.

Refer to the food web. If the grasses in each ecosystem are attacked and killed by a disease, which ecosystem will most likely survive?

a)

A. The prairie ecosystem, because few organisms eat grass.

b)

B. The tundra ecosystem, because there is a variety of producers.

c)

C. The prairie ecosystem, because there a fewer top predators.

d)

D. The tundra ecosystem, because it has more herbivores.

9.

How are tropical plants such as bromeliads adapted to the biome in which they live?

a)

They grow from tree branches rather than the forest floor, which helps them to absorb more sunlight.

b)

They have long, thick roots, which helps them to gather the nutrients that are found deep within the soil.

c)

They have hollow leaves and stems for storing water, which helps them to survive long periods with little rainfall.

d)

They lose their leaves during the winter, which helps them to save energy when the temperature falls and prevents the buildup of snow.

10.

Which is more sustainable, a food web or a food chain?

a)

A food web

b)

A food chain

11.
Humans are not affected by the biodiversity of ecosystems.
a)
True
b)
False
12.

Tropical rainforests have the greatest biodiversity of any type of land ecosystem. How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of an ecosystem?

a)

F. The presence of more species with different adaptations makes it more likely that some organisms will survive an ecological disaster.

b)

G. Greater genetic variation within species makes it more likely that some individuals will survive a disease outbreak.

c)

H. The presence of a variety of herbivore species that can feed on a large number of different producer species helps ensure abundant prey for predators in the ecosystem.

d)

J. All of the above.

13.

What is the most important biotic factor in supporting an ecosystem?

a)

water

b)

carnivores

c)

producers

14.

A farmer digs a small pond in a pasture. The farmer adds young individuals from two species of algae-eating fish to the pond and plants some reeds around the edge of the pond. The farmer wants the pond to be a sustainable ecosystem.

Which of the following would be most helpful in increasing the pond ecosystem’s sustainability?

a)

Decreasing the number of pond species around the edges of the pond

b)

Introducing older fish of the same species into the population of algae-eating fish

c)

Having a greater diversity of living organisms in the pond

d)

Adding water between the water and where the reeds are planted

15.

The food webs below model relationships among the organisms in two ecosystems.

Which ecosystem would be more likely to survive if a disease killed the grasses?

a)

A. The forest ecosystem, because most of the animals can eat other organisms.

b)

B. The grassland ecosystem, because several predators compete for food.

c)

C. The forest ecosystem, because it has three top predators.

d)

D. The grassland ecosystem, because it has many herbivores.

16.

What is true about sustainability?

a)

Having a small number of species increases biodiversity

b)

Sustainability is how organisms change over time

c)

Sustainability is how much rainfall and sunlight an ecosystem receives

d)

The more different types of species you have (biodiversity) the better an ecosystem can sustain itself

17.

What is true about sustainability?

a)

Having a small number of species increases biodiversity

b)

Sustainability is how organisms change over time

c)

Sustainability is how much rainfall and sunlight an ecosystem receives

d)

The more different types of species you have (biodiversity) the better an ecosystem can sustain itself

18.

If there was a major source of pollution in a watershed, in which location would it have the least impact?

a)

The highest elevation in the watershed

b)

The closest to streams and rivers

c)

The furthest north portion of the watershed

d)

The lowest elevation in the watershed

19.

When biodiversity increases

a)

Sustainability decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability also increases

d)

Sustainability becomes greater by 2

20.

When biodiversity increases

a)

Sustainability decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability also increases

21.

When biodiversity decreases

a)

Sustainability also decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability increases

d)

Sustainability is not impacted

22.

Some students take care of a vegetable garden. When it is time to plant in the spring, the students leave part of the garden empty in order to observe ecological succession. Which of these will most likely occur first?

a)

F. Development of topsoil

b)

G. Growth of weeds and grasses

c)

H. Growth of trees and shrubs

d)

J. Development of a stream

23.

When biodiversity decreases

a)

Sustainability also decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability increases

d)

Sustainability is not impacted

24.

What is the upper surface of the groundwater called?

a)

Watershed

b)

Water Table

c)

Recharge Zone

d)

Surface Water

25.

In which biome would you expect to find many coniferous trees?

a)

taiga

b)

Tundra

c)

Savanna

d)

Tropical rainforest

26.
The biome known for trees with broad leaves that fall off the trees in the winter.
a)
Coniferous Forests
b)
Deciduous Forests
c)
Deserts
d)
Tropical Rain Forests
27.

What two factors would make biodiversity increase?

a)

Tornadoes and hurricanes

b)

Large amount of producers and water

c)

More predators and competition

28.

Which option is biotic?

a)

Plants

b)

Air

c)

Water

29.

When biodiversity increases

a)

Sustainability decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability also increases

d)

Sustainability becomes greater by 2

30.

When biodiversity decreases

a)

Sustainability also decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability increases

d)

Sustainability is not impacted

31.

Consumer that eats plants

a)

heterotroph

b)

herbivore

c)

producer

32.

What is the name of the area of land that water flows across on its way to a larger body of water?

a)

Water Table

b)

Watershed

c)

Surface Water

d)

Runoff

33.

Based on the table of observations, which ecosystem is likely to be the least sustainable?

a)

A. Ecosystem 1, because it has the fewest species

b)

B. Ecosystem 2, because it includes both aquatic and terrestrial species.

c)

C. Ecosystem 3, because it has few predators.

d)

D. Ecosystem 4, because it supports many animals.

34.

What important role does fire play in a grassland biome?

a)

It helps seeds germinate.

b)

It spreads seeds to distant locations.

c)

It causes flowers on plants to bloom.

d)

It prevents animals from eating plant populations.

35.

In the watershed shown, what direction is the water flowing?

a)

South (down the page)

b)

North (up the page)

c)

East (towards the right of the page)

d)

West (towards the left of the page)

36.

Biodiversity means..

a)

The variety of life in an ecosystem

b)

How an ecosystem changes over time

c)

Differences among humans

37.

A drought has hit this grassland biome. How will this effect the rabbit population?

a)

The rabbits will increase in number.

b)

The rabbit population will stay the same.

c)

The rabbit population will decrease.

38.

What does biodiversity indicate about an ecosystem?

a)

the location of the ecosystem

b)

the overall size of the ecosystem

c)

the ability of the ecosystem to survive change

d)

the identity of the organisms that began ecological succession in the ecosystem

39.

What is false about biodiversity

a)

More biodiversity makes it least likely for a species to survive a disturbance such as a Tsunami

b)

More biodiversity allows species to survive a disturbance such as a hurricane

c)

As biodiversity increases sustainability increases

d)

Genetic biodiversity is what makes us look and act different

40.

You observe a garden in a schoolyard. Corn, tomatoes, pumpkins, and other crops thrive in the garden. What is most likely true of the soil in this microhabitat?

a)

It is dry and frozen.

b)

It is rocky, sandy, and dry.

c)

It is deep, dark, and nutrient rich.

d)

It is thin, acidic, and nutrient poor.

41.

What is the difference in a microhabitat and a biome?

a)

size

b)

temperature

c)

climate

d)

precipitation

42.

If an ecosystem has a very high biodiversity, what else is true about the ecosystem?

a)

It is a desert

b)

It is very cold

c)

It has high sustainability

d)

It has very few organisms

43.

An ecosystem that is not sustainable can break down when a natural disaster occurs. This can lead to organisms in the ecosystem either leaving the area or dying off.

Increased biodiversity results in a more sustainable ecosystem because -

a)

F. A greater number of plant species means that there is less barren land

b)

G. A greater variety of species present allows more organisms to adapt after changes occur

c)

H. The transition area between two ecosystems is narrower.

d)

J. There are fewer species to be affected by environmental stresses

44.
 Which biome is more likely to survive a change in the environment?
a)
High (rich) biodiversity
b)
Low (poor) biodiversity
45.

Primary succession occurs when pioneer species move into an area that has no plants. Which organisms are common pioneer species?

a)

A. Conifer trees and tall grasses with roots that loosen the soil

b)

B. Mosses and lichens that can grow on rocky surfaces.

c)

C. Grasses and weeds that arrive as seeds carried by the wind and then germinate in rich soil.

d)

D. Vines and shrubs that help prevent the erosion of shallow soil.

46.

A forest

a)

Habitat

b)

Microhabitat

47.
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of rainfall?
a)
tundra
b)
desert
c)
temperate deciduous forest
d)
tropical rain forest
48.

Biodiversity is a bad thing for an ecosystem.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

Both primary and secondary succession begin with pioneer species that-

a)

A. change the area and make it safer from predatory organisms.

b)

B. invade the area so that new organisms cannot be established.

c)

C. modify the area and allow larger and more complex organisms to appear.

d)

D. use up all the existing resources and prevent establishment of non-native organisms

50.
What is the main factor that separates the biomes?
a)
Land
b)
Water
c)
Climate
d)
Longitude
51.

Which of the following items is permeable?

a)

A table/counter top

b)

A plastic bag

c)

A rain jacket

d)

Soil

52.

The warmer the environment is and the closer an environment is to the equator, the higher the biodiversity of the environment. Based on these observations, which of these environments has the greatest biodiversity?

a)

Tundra

b)

Desert

c)

Tropical rainforest

d)

Grasslands

53.

A certain area of the Indian ocean is expected to dry up and become a desert over thousands of years. What will happen to the sustainability of this ocean?

a)

Sustainability would increase because the number of species would increase

b)

Sustainability would remain the same

c)

Sustainability would decrease because the number of species would decrease

d)

Not enough information is given

54.

In a stable ecosystem, what type of organisms should we see the most of? (think of your energy pyramid!)

a)

Producers

b)

Primary consumers

c)

Secondary Consumers

d)

Tertiary Consumers

e)

Apex Predators

55.

Groundwater seeps through the ground in a recharge zone and fills the empty spaces in the rocks and soil. What is the layer of rock that holds/stores the groundwater called?

a)

Water storage rock

b)

Aquifer

c)

Watershed

d)

Water Table

56.

What is true about sustainability?

a)

Having a small number of species increases biodiversity

b)

Sustainability is how organisms change over time

c)

The more different types of species you have (biodiversity) the better an ecosystem can sustain itself

57.

Pollution of surface water does not impact groundwater

a)

True

b)

False

58.
In which biome does an organism have to be able to conserve water to survive?
a)
Rainforest
b)
Taiga
c)
Desert
d)
Temperate Forest
59.

What is a recharge zone?

a)

A place where you can charge your Tesla

b)

A place with impermeable rock and lots of runoff

c)

A place with permeable material at the top where water seeps in and gets to the groundwater

d)

A place where there is very little pollution

60.

Water always flows...

a)

From cold temperatures to warm temperatures

b)

From north to south

c)

From low elevation to high elevation

d)

From high elevation to low elevation

61.

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic?

a)

Biotic are non-living things

b)

Abiotic are living organisms

c)

Biotic is life,

Abiotic is non-living

62.

A good aquifer is made of permeable rock.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

The final stable community that is made up of mature, hardwood trees is called

a)

A. pioneer community

b)

B. climax community

c)

C. farmland

d)

D. old field

64.
Which biome covers most of the land mass near the Earth's equator?
a)
tundra
b)
desert
c)
grassland
d)
tropical rainforest
65.

The following table lists the number and variety of organisms in four different ecosystems.

Based on the table, which ecosystem is likely the most sustainable?

a)

Ecosystem 1

b)

Ecosystem 2

c)

Ecosystem 3

d)

Ecosystem 4

66.

Tree Stump

a)

Habitat

b)

Microhabitat

67.

When biodiversity increases

a)

Sustainability decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability also increases

d)

Sustainability becomes greater by 2

68.

Students in a science class visited four local ecosystems. The students observed the species present in each ecosystem and recorded their observations in the table.

Based on these observations, which ecosystem is likely to be the LEAST sustainable?

a)

A. Ecosystem 1, because it has the fewest species.

b)

B. Ecosystem 2, because it includes both aquatic and terrestrial species.

c)

C. Ecosystem 3, because it has few predators.

d)

D. Ecosystem 4, because it supports many animals.

69.

When biodiversity decreases

a)

Sustainability also decreases

b)

Sustainability remains the same

c)

Sustainability increases

70.
Consumer that eats animals or meat
a)
carnivore
b)
omnivore 
c)
consumer
d)
producer
71.
An example of an organism that might live in a microhabitat is...
a)
spider
b)
fox
c)
deer
d)
raccoon
72.

Biodiversity means..

a)

The variety of life in an ecosystem

b)

How an ecosystem changes over time

c)

Differences among humans

d)

Diversity of a select few species in a deserted area

73.

What is true about sustainability?

a)

Having a small number of species increases biodiversity

b)

Sustainability is how organisms change over time

c)

Sustainability is how much rainfall and sunlight an ecosystem receives

d)

The more different types of species you have (biodiversity) the better an ecosystem can sustain itself

74.
This picture shows a...
a)
microhabitat
b)
ecosystem
c)
habitat
d)
biome
75.
What does biodiversity mean?
a)
Only one species in an area.
b)
The different amount of species in an area
c)
All abiotic life
d)
Nitrogen fixation
76.

A hurricane hits a coastal prairie and destroys the habitat. Years later there is an appearance of small plants with rapidly spreading roots. This vegetation describes

a)

A. a microhabitat

b)

B. primary succession

c)

C. secondary succession

d)

D. biodiversity

77.

Which of the following would cause biodiversity to DECREASE?

a)

Water

b)

Forest Fires

c)

Sunlight

78.

Anastayjia visited 3 different ecosystems to collect specimens. She visited a grassy area in a tundra and woody area in a Temperate deciduous forest. She collected 20 different types of species from the tundra and 98 different types of species from the forest. Which ecosystem is the MOST sustainable?

a)

Tundra

b)

Desert

c)

Temperate deciduous forest

d)

Rainforest

79.
The higher the biodiversity, the more sustainable an ecosystem is.
a)
True
b)
False
80.

Which of the following would cause biodiversity to DECREASE?

a)

Water

b)

Forest Fires

c)

Sunlight

d)

Producers

81.

What is false about biodiversity

a)

More biodiversity makes it least likely for a species to survive a disturbance such as a Tsunami

b)

More biodiversity allows species to survive a disturbance such as a hurricane

c)

As biodiversity increases sustainability increases

d)

Genetic biodiversity is what makes us look and act different

82.

Biodiversity occurs in all except..

a)

Genes

b)

Abiotic factors

c)

Species

d)

Ecosystem

83.

Which of the following is not an example of how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem?

a)

A. Controlling pest species

b)

B. Providing potential for medical discoveries

c)

C. Creating a limited gene pool for future generations

d)

D. Regulating the chemistry of air and water supply

84.

The suffix diversity means

a)

different

b)

variety

c)

colors

d)

animals

85.

Which of the following most likely supports the most sustainable ecosystem?

a)

The habitat with the greatest number of predators

b)

The habitat with the greatest variety of living things

c)

The habitat with the warmest average temperature

d)

The habitat with the greatest number of consumers

86.

An organis that creates nutrients using energy from the sun, is known as a ----

a)

A. predator

b)

B. scavenger

c)

C. herbivore

d)

D. producer

87.

A rain forest ecosystem is characterized by high biodiversity and a warm/rainy climate. How might this impact the ecosystem's sustainability if the ecosystem is damaged by a catastrophic event?

a)

The ecosystem, because it has few plant and animal species, will experience low sustainability, not allowing it to recover

b)

The ecosystem, because it has many plant and animal species, will experience high sustainability, allowing it to recover

c)

Biodiversity does not have an impact on an ecosystem's sustainability

88.

Which statement below best describes how biodiversity contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem?

a)

A. A variety of plant and animal species allows for more survivors of a natural disaster.

b)

B. Having more species in an ecosystem allows the human population to increase in size.

c)

C. Low biodiversity reduces the competition for resources, which helps native species survive.

d)

D. Few species in the ecosystem reduces the likelihood that disease spreads through the ecosystem.

89.

An organism that stalks, kills, and eats other animals is known as a ---

a)

consumer

b)

scavenger

c)

herbivore

d)

producer

90.
Sustainability refers to
a)
how many species are present in an ecosystem
b)
when a species goes extinct
c)
how long a species lives
d)
the ability to maintain ecological process over long periods of time.
91.

The ocean ecosystem has a high sustainability because of -

a)

strong, persistent currents

b)

predator/prey relationships

c)

the large variety of different organisms, producers, and water

d)

None of the above

92.

The variety of ways that species ____________ with each other and their environment.

a)

live

b)

eat

c)

interact

d)

help

93.

_______________________ comprise only 6% of all land on Earth yet are home to nearly 50% of all the species on Earth.

a)

ocean

b)

tropical rain forests

c)

tundras

d)

desserts

94.

Which of the following situations contributes to the sustainability of an ecosystem

a)

A. Increase in biodiversity

b)

B. Decrease in biodiversity

c)

C. Extinction of a population from the ecosystem

d)

D. Removal of many populations of organisms

95.

A healthy biodiversity provides a number of natural services (benefits) for _____________________.

a)

animals

b)

humans

c)

ecosystems

d)

everyone

96.

Organisms with a ___________ gene pool have a __________ chance of surviving

a)

smaller, lesser

b)

larger,greater

c)

smaller, greater

d)

larger, smaller

97.

Which best describes a type of organism that lives on, and feeds off of plants or other organisms?

a)

saprophytes

b)

autotrophs

c)

omnivores

d)

tracheophytes

98.

An ecosystem that is not sustainable can break down when a natural disaster occurs. This can lead to organisms in the ecosystem either leaving the area or dying off. Increased biodiversity results in a more sustainable ecosystem because ---

a)

A. a greater number of plant species means that there is less barren land.

b)

B. a greater variety of species present allows more organism to adapt after changes occur

c)

C. the transition area between two ecosystems is narrower.

d)

D. there are few species to be affected by environmental stressess.

99.
Biodiversity refers to
a)
extinct species
b)
the variety of species on Earth
c)
nonrenewable resources
d)
the rate of species decline
100.

Why does higher biodiversity cause an ecosystem to be more sustainable?

a)

A. There are more types of organisms competing for living space in the ecosystem.

b)

B. There are a greater variety of genes and species in the ecosystem.

c)

C. There are more animals preying on one another in the ecosystem.

d)

D. More organisms decrease the rate of disease in and ecosystem.

101.
Humans are not affected by the biodiversity of ecosystems.
a)
True
b)
False
102.

Aluminum is refined from bauxite, which is found in the ground under rainforests. Humans must destroy this habitat to mine the bauxite and make aluminum. This type of habitat destruction will most likely result in ---

a)

A. an increase in rainfall

b)

B. an increase in number of species

c)

C. a decrease in biodiversity

d)

D. a decrease in cloud formation

103.

a benefit to biodiversity is that it helps to boost ecosystem _______________________

a)

survival

b)

value

c)

life

d)

productivity

104.

What two factors would make biodiversity increase?

a)

Tornadoes and hurricanes

b)

Large amount of producers and water

c)

More predators and competition

d)

The water cycle and ocean warming

105.

An ecosystem experiences a ten year drought. As a result of the drought, many plant and animal species are not able to survive. What will be the effect on the biodiversity and sustainability of the ecosystem?

a)

A. Increased biodiversity and increased sustainability

b)

B. Decreased biodiversity and increased sustainability

c)

C. Increased biodiversity and decreased sustainability

d)

D. Decreased biodiversity and decreased sustainability

106.
Sustainability refers to
a)
how many species are present in an ecosystem
b)
when a species goes extinct
c)
how long a species lives
d)
the ability to maintain ecological process over long periods of time.
107.

The prefix Bio means

a)

life

b)

birds

c)

science

d)

ecosystems

108.

In an ecosystem, which type of animal would best be described as a secondary consumer?

a)

Carnivore

b)

Herbivore

c)

Omnivore

d)

Decomposer

109.
Humans are not affected by the biodiversity of ecosystems.
a)
True
b)
False
110.

A hurricane hit a tundra and a forest. A tundra is less biodiverse than the forest. Which biome would be impacted the most?

a)

The forest because it has more species and it wouldn't be able to sustain itself as well as the tundra

b)

They would be impacted the same

c)

The forest because it has more producers

d)

The tundra because it has less species and it wouldn't be able to sustain itself as well as the forest

111.

The hottest spots for species diversity are close to the _____________.

a)

Coast

b)

Florida

c)

Equator

d)

Poles

112.
Biodiversity refers to
a)
extinct species
b)
the variety of species on Earth
c)
nonrenewable resources
d)
the rate of species decline
113.

What is false about biodiversity

a)

More biodiversity makes it least likely for a species to survive a disturbance such as a Tsunami

b)

More biodiversity allows species to survive a disturbance such as a hurricane

c)

As biodiversity increases sustainability increases

d)

Genetic biodiversity is what makes us look and act different