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BioBowl Genetics Review

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is a trait?

a)

A physical characteristic passed down from your mom

b)

A behavioral characteristic passed down from your dad

c)

A physical or behavioral characteristic passed down from your parents

d)

A behavioral characteristic passed down by your mom

2.

What is an allele?

a)

A trait

b)

Different forms of a gene

c)

DNA

d)

Different types of parents

3.
What allele combination should go in the missing box?
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
none of these
4.
If B = brown hair and b = blonde hair, what is the probability of brown hair?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
0%
d)
75%
5.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
6.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
7.
What is the probability of homozygous dominant offspring?
a)
0%
b)
100%
c)
50%
d)
25%
8.
Cross Two Homozygous plants
(RRYY x rryy)
R = round seeds, r  = wrinkled seeds Y = yellow seeds, y = green seeds
What percent will have Round and Yellow seeds? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
9.
What is the genotype for a pea plant heterozygous for round seeds (R), and homozygous recessive for green seeds (y)?
a)
Ry
b)
RRyy
c)
RrYy
d)
Rryy
10.
In a dihybrid cross
a)
one trait is crossed.
b)
two traits are crossed.
c)
four boxes are needed for the punnett square.
d)
mom's alleles are dominant.
11.

Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?

a)

9/16

b)

3/16

c)

1/16

d)

16/16

12.

Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, green seeds?

a)

9/16

b)

3/16

c)

1/16

d)

16/16

13.

What is the genotype for a pea plant homozygous for round seeds (R), and heterozygous for yellow seeds?

a)

RrYy

b)

RRyy

c)

RRYy

d)

rryy

14.

Red is incompletely dominant to white in snapdragons. Which cross would result in 100% pink flowers?

a)

RR x rr

b)

rr x rr

c)

Rr x Rr

d)

RR x RR

15.

In chickens, black is co dominant with white feathers. Which cross would result in 50% black and white feathers?

a)

BW x BW

b)

BB x WW

c)

BW x WW

d)

WW x BB

16.

In a certain breed of cattle, both red and white hairs show up together. This is an example of which type of inheritance pattern?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

polygenic inheritance

17.

What are the genotypes for type A blood?

a)

IAIA

b)

IAIB

c)

IAi

d)

IBIB

e)

ii

18.

Which could NOT result from a cross between IAIB and IAi?

a)

Type A Blood

b)

Type B Blood

c)

Type AB Blood

d)

Type O Blood

19.

A child has blood type AB. Which blood types would his parents most likely have?

a)

B and O

b)

O and A

c)

A and B

d)

AB and O

20.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits, like the old theory of blending
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
21.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring:
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
Indomitable 
22.
The Father of Genetics is:
a)
Mike the Barber
b)
Howie Mendel
c)
George Mandible
d)
Gregor Mendel
23.
What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
24.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
25.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
26.
What does a horizontal line between a square and a circle mean?
a)
They are siblings
b)
They are cousins
c)
They are married ("together")
d)
They are the children
27.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the phenotype of the mother (circle) in generation 1?

a)

Brown

b)

Blue

c)

1 blue, 1 brown

28.
If this pedigree shows an autosomal recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual II-3 be?
a)
HH
b)
Hh
c)
hh
d)
None of the above
29.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

30.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
31.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
32.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
33.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
34.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
35.
What is responsible for holding the two strands of the DNA double helix together?
a)
hydrogen bonds
b)
alleles
c)
London dispersion forces
d)
deoxyribose sugars
36.

Why does DNA replicate?

a)

To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged

b)

New cells will have a copy of the DNA

c)

To create a new copy to replace the damaged original

37.

What does DNA stand for?

a)

Deoxyribonucleic acid

b)

Denitrogenous acid

c)

Deribonucleic acid

d)

Diribonucleic acid

38.

What is a mutation?

a)

Adenine

b)

a change/mistake in DNA

c)

a copy of the original DNA

d)

Guanine

39.

The picture below shows an enzyme unwinding and unzipping DNA.

​

​What is the name of this enzyme?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

40.

The picture below shows the steps of DNA replication beginning with step one and ending with step three.


​Because you are reusing the old, or parent, DNA strand DNA replication is said to be

a)

Semi- Conservative

b)

Semi-discontinuous

c)

Continuous

d)

Fully-Conserveative

41.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
42.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
43.

Which is the correct order of replication?

a)

3, 2, 1, 4

b)

2, 1, 4, 3

c)

2, 3, 1, 4

d)

3, 4, 1, 2

44.

Match the following using base pairing rules.

a)

A

1.

T

b)

C

2.

G

c)

T

3.

A

d)

G

4.

C

45.

After DNA replication, the blueprint for an organism has to be sent out to other parts of the cell from the nucleus. For this to happen, the code has to be WRITTEN on the mRNA. What is this process called?

a)

translation (to decode, translate)

b)

transcription (to write)

46.

Who is responsible for synthesizing or making the protein chain?

a)

Ribosome

b)

mRNA

c)

Polypeptide Chain

d)

DNA

47.

Who is responsible for carrying and bringing the amino acids over to the ribosome?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

DNA

d)

Glucose

48.

Protein polypeptide chains are made from....

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Glucose

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic Acids

49.

Where does transcription happen?

a)

Inside the Nucleus

b)

Outside the Nucleus in the Cytoplasm

50.

Where does translation happen?

a)

Inside the Nucleus

b)

Outside the Nucleus in the Cytoplasm

51.

UUACUACG could be the code for?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

Protein

52.
Using the codon identify the amino acid sequence:
AUG-CCA-GUA-GGG-UAA
a)
MET-HIS-ALA-GLY-STOP
b)
MET-PRO-GLY-VAL-STOP
c)
MET-PRO-VAL-GLY-STOP
d)
MET-THR-SER-ASP-STOP
53.

What is the correct sequence of protein synthesis?

A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome

B. DNA molecules serve as the templates for mRNA.

C. mRNA molecules move to ribosomes.

D. Polypeptides are formed on ribosomes.

a)

A-B-C-D

b)

B-C-A-D

c)

C-B-A-D

d)

D-B-A-C

54.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
55.
Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
56.
Why is the order of amino acids so important?
a)
The order of amino acids dictates what shape the protein will fold into.
b)
It is not important. The protein folding chamber will force the protein to fold into the correct shape.
57.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
58.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
59.
a change in one DNA triplet that may result in a new triplet that codes for a stop codon instead of an amino acid is known as
a)
missense
b)
nonsense
c)
frameshift
d)
silent
60.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
61.
Mutations are__________
a)
Harmful
b)
Harmful or beneficial
c)
Neutral
d)
Harmful, neutral, or beneficial
62.
A frameshift mutation would result from...
a)
a base deletion only
b)
a base substitution only
c)
either an insertion or deletion of a base
d)
a base insertion only
63.
Question Image

Based on your notes, match the following questions to the correct answer choices.

a)

Molecules that have a positive (+) and negative charge (-)

1.

Polarity

b)

The upward movement of water against the gravity due to cohesive and adhesive forces

2.

Capillary Action

c)

Water has the ability to dissolve multiple different polar solutions

3.

Universal Solvent

d)

Water can absorb a lot of heat without quickly changing tempertures

4.

High Specific Heat

e)

Water expands when freezing, making ice less dense, enabling floating

5.

Expansion Upon Freezing

64.
 Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
a)
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
c)
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
65.
The tightness across the surface of water that enables paper clips to float is ____________.
a)
adhesion
b)
capillary action
c)
surface tension
d)
polarity
66.
What property of water helps to moderate earth's temperature?
a)
adhesion
b)
chohesion
c)
Specific heat capacity
d)
Latent heat of vaporization
67.

 Sort the following statements about water as TRUE or FALSE

Categorize the following

Cohesion and adhesion facilitates capillary action

Water has high specific heat capacity

Water can dissolve a narrow selection of solvents

Water expands and becomes more dense when frozen

Water expands when frozen and becomes less dense

Water can evaporate quickly which is why it travels up the narrow tubes of organisms

Water can form many hydrogen bonds with other water molecules

Water can form many covalent bonds with other water molecules

TRUE
FALSE
68.

Water's unique properties plays a vital role in all living organisms including water's high specific heat, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action and being a universal solvent. This is due to which overall property of water?

a)

Water is cold which makes it polar and the covalent bonds that is between the water molecules.

b)

Water has a positive and negative charge and can form many hydrogen bonds

c)

Water is nonpolar which means it is hydrophobic and can form these special properties

d)

Water only have positive charges and molecules with positive charges must have special abilities.

69.
Question Image

Based on your notes, match the following questions to the correct answer choices.

a)

1.

Incomplete Dominance

b)

2.

Co-dominance

c)

Genotype for type O blood

3.

ii or OO

d)

Genotype for Type A Blood

4.

AA or AO

e)

Genotype for type AB Blood

5.

AB

70.

In hair color Brown is dominant to red hair. What are the possible genotypes of the parents for the punnett square shown?

a)

bb x bb

b)

BB x bb

c)

Bb x Bb

d)

BB x BB

71.

Round seed shape (R) is dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). Sort the genotypes under the correct phenotypes.

Categorize the following

RR

Rr

rr

Round
Wrinkled
72.

A red flowered plant (RR) is crossed with a white flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance. What percentage of the offspring will have red (RR) flowers?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

73.

Some flowers are controlled by codominance. Red flowers (RR), blue flowers (BB) and Speckled flowers (RB).


Cross a red flower with a speckled flower. What is the phenotypic ratio?

a)

2 red, 2 speckled

b)

2 red, 2 blue

c)

2 blue, 2 speckled

74.
Question Image

Match the following blood type genotypes to their phenotypes.

a)

AB

1.

AB

b)

O

2.

OO

c)

Homozygous A

3.

AA

d)

Heterozygous B

4.

BO

e)

Homozygous B

5.

BB

75.

A father has type O blood, the mother has type AB blood. What percent of their offspring will have type O blood?

a)

100%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

0%

76.

A mother is homozygous for type B blood, the father is homozygous for type A blood. What percent of their offspring will have AB blood?

a)

100%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

25%

77.
Question Image

Based on your notes, match the following questions to the correct answer choices.

a)

A Random change in genetic information

1.

Mutation

b)

Mutation where changing the base results in the SAME amino acid

2.

Silent Mutation

c)

Mutation where changing the base results in a DIFFERENT amino acid

3.

Mis-sense

d)

Mutation where changing the base results in a STOP codon

4.

Non-sense

e)

Amino Acid that results in people having sickle cell anemia

5.

Val

78.

Match the mutation with the correct term.

a)

1.

Silent

b)

2.

Missense

c)

3.

Nonsense

79.

Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG-CTC-CAC-AGA

a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
80.
If you are missing or have an extra base  at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?
a)
Substitution
b)
Frameshift
c)
Duplication 
d)
Insertion
81.
mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...
a)
quadralets
b)
anticodons
c)
codons
d)
capsids
82.
Original: ATC CAT
Mutation: ATC GCAT
What mutation occurred?
a)
deletion
b)
insertion
c)
silent
d)
transverse
83.
Identify the SUBSTITUTION mutation from the following DNA sequence: 
ATG CCA AAT
a)
ATG TCA AAT
b)
ATG CCT AAA T
c)
ATC CA  AT
d)
ATG CCA AAT
84.

This chart shows which amino acids are coded for by different combinations of mRNA nucleotides. Which amino acids are coded for by an mRNA segment that reads CAG-GUG

a)

arginine and valine

b)

isoleucine and arginine

c)

glutamine and valine

d)

valine and isoleucine

85.

A segment of DNA has this sequence ATA GCA CAT GTA. What is the mRNA sequence transcribed from this segment?

a)

TAT CGT GTA CAT

b)

TAT GCT CTA GAT

c)

UAU CGU GUA CAU

d)

UAU GCU CUA CAU

86.

A strand of DNA has these bases AGC CAT GTA TAC What is the complementary DNA strand?

a)

ACG GAT CTA TAG

b)

TCG GTA CAT ATG

c)

TGC CTA GAT ATC

d)

UCG CUA CAU AUG

87.

What is the purpose of the process shown?

a)

To replicate the DNA for an organism before cell division

b)

To assemble nucleotides in an mRNA chain along a DNA template

c)

To synthesize amino acids used to unzip strands of DNA and copy the genetic code

d)

To translate the genetic code into a specific sequence of amino acids

88.
Question Image

Based on your notes, match the following questions to the correct answer choices.

a)

DNA Replication occurs in this phase of the cell cycle

1.

S-Phase (Interphase)

b)

Enzyme that separates the DNA into two strands (unzips)

2.

Helicase

c)

Enzyme that builds the complementary strand of DNA and proof reads it

3.

DNA Polymerase

d)

DNA Replication occurs in the _______

4.

Nucleus

e)

Adenine (A) Pairs with _______

5.

Thymine

89.

Label the nucleotide

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
90.

What does the term semi-conservative mean?

a)

DNA consists of half an old strand and half a new strand and the code stays conserved.

b)

DNA consists of two old strands and the code stays conserved.

c)

DNA consists of two new strands and the code stays conserved.

d)

DNA consists of half an old strand and half a new strand and the code changes each time.

91.

Match the following

a)

Helicase

1.

The unzipper

b)

Primase

2.

Tells where to start

c)

DNA Polymerase

3.

Builds the new strand

d)

Ligase

4.

Glues fragments together

92.

Reorder the following enzymes for DNA Replication

a)

Helicase

b)

Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Ligase

1)
2)
3)
4)
93.

How many codons: AAU GCG AUG

a)

9

b)

1

c)

3

d)

15

94.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

A

1.

nucleus

b)

B

2.

mRNA

c)

C

3.

ribosome

d)

D

4.

tRNA

e)

E

5.

anticodon

95.

Use the PICTURE, Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?

a)

Translation

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Protein Synthesis

d)

Transcription

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