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Genetics Unit Review

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 2hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

DNA is stored in the _________ of cells.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)

2.

Each section of DNA that codes for a specific trait is called a _______.

a)

gene

b)

DNA

c)

base pair

3.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
4.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
5.
The dominant trait is
a)
yellow pea seeds
b)
green pea seeds
c)
there is no dominant seed
d)
Jolly green giant
6.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains uracil
7.
What are the four nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
b)
adenine, lysine, prolene, guanine
c)
arganine, cytosine, lysine, purine
d)
lysine, cytosine, lucine, guanine
8.

How many nitrogen bases does DNA have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

9.

Every living thing has genetic information stored in the form of

a)

Ribosomes

b)

DNA

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

10.

If two alleles are the same for a certain trait they are considered

a)

Homozygous

b)

Twins

c)

Heterozygous

d)

Common

11.

Physical traits that are expressed are known as ____________

a)

Mutation

b)

Personality

c)

Genotype

d)

Phenotype

12.

True or false: Mutations only harm chances of survival:

a)

True

b)

False

13.

The passing of traits from generation to generation is called

a)

Genetics

b)

Heredity

c)

Genome

d)

Translation

14.

The gene whose trait will be hidden if there is a dominant allele present

a)

Dominant Allele

b)

Recessive Allele

c)

Trait

d)

Phenotype

15.

Factors or something that controls the traits of an organism

a)

Trait

b)

Gene

c)

Phenotype

d)

Genotype

16.

Different forms of a gene

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Alleles

d)

Genetics

17.

The study of heredity

a)

Alleles

b)

Probability

c)

Codominance

d)

Genetics

18.

The allele combination or genetic makeup of an organism

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Homozygous

d)

Heterozygous

19.

When an organism has two of the SAME alleles for a trait

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Homozygous

d)

Heterozygous

20.

When an organism has two DIFFERENT alleles for a trait

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Homozygous

d)

Heterozygous

21.

A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross

a)

Heredity

b)

Genetics

c)

Probability

d)

Punnet Square

22.

Both alleles are expressed (able to be seen) in the offspring

a)

Dominant Allele

b)

Codominance

c)

Recessive Allele

d)

Traits

23.

What is Mendel famous for?

a)

He was a monk

b)

He discovered DNA

c)

He identified how traits are passed on from parents to offspring

d)

He was a good gardener

24.

Use this Punnett square to answer the question.


In horses, the gene for white hair (W) is dominant to the gene for non-white hair (w). A horse with genotype (WW) was crossed with a horse with genotype (ww), as shown in the Punnett square.


What fraction of the offspring should be expected to have white hair?

a)

none

b)

one-half

c)

three-quarters

d)

all

25.

In a certain species of meadow mouse, dark coat color is dominant over cream coat color. If heterozygous dark-coated male mice are mated with cream-coated female mice, what would be the expected percentage of phenotypes in their offspring?

a)

25% dark coated, 75% cream coated

b)

50% dark coated, 50% cream coated

c)

75% dark coated, 25% cream coated

d)

100% dark coated

26.

In pea plants, the gene for tallness (T) is dominant over the gene for shortness (t). If 100% of the F1 generation offspring are heterozygous tall, what were the most probable genotypes of the parent plants?

a)

Tt x Tt

b)

Tt x tt

c)

TT x Tt

d)

TT x tt

27.

When a mouse with black fur is crossed with a mouse with white fur, all F1 generation offspring have grey fur. Which phenotypic results can be expected in the F2 generation?

a)

100% grey

b)

25% black, 75% white

c)

50% black, 50% white

d)

25% black, 50% grey, 25% white

28.

changes in DNA are called

a)

Ninja Turtles

b)

oopsies

c)

mutations

29.

He is known as the father of modern day genetics.

a)

Santa Claus

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Gregor Mendel

30.

Which of these represents a female?

a)

XX

b)

XY

c)

YY

31.

A dominant trait shows up ________ than a recessive trait.

a)

more often

b)

less often

c)

equally

32.

This is the basis of heredity and is made of DNA.

a)
b)
c)
33.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
34.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
35.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
36.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
37.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
d)
both 
38.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
39.
Aa is
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
40.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
41.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
42.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
43.
Which of the following is homozygous recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
T
44.
What kind of traits seem to disappear in the first generation?
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
c)
dominant traits
d)
recessive traits
45.

A person who is homozygous for a trait can have a genotype of....

a)

AA, Aa

b)

Aa, aa

c)

AA, aa

d)

aa

46.

If a person is heterozygous for a trait, their genotype can be...

a)

Aa

b)

AA, aa

c)

AA, Aa

d)

AA

47.

If "B" represents brown hair, and "b" represents blond hair, what will the genotype be for a homozygous brown haired person?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

48.

If "B" is brown and "b" is blond, what is the phenotype of someone who's genotype is "bb"

a)

Brown Hair

b)

Blond Hair

c)

Red Hair

49.

If a person is heterozygous for brown hair, what is their genotype?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

50.

Heterozygous: Different, Homozygous:_____________

a)

The same

b)

Less Than

c)

Greater Than

d)

4 copies

51.

Natural or Artificial Selection: A dog breeder selects two dogs that are best at herding animals to breed

a)

Natural

b)

Artificial

52.

How many copies of the recessive gene must there be for that phenotype to show up?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

53.

What is the missing pairing?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

54.

Based on the missing letter, what is the parent's genotype?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

55.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
56.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
57.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype pp be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
58.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype Pp be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
59.
Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. What would the phenotype for a flower with genotype PP be?
a)
purple
b)
white
c)
pink
d)
yellow
60.

If you crossed a PP (purple) with a pp (white), what would the phenotypes be?

a)

all white

b)

all tall

c)

all purple

d)

1/2 white, 1/2 purple

61.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
62.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together? 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
63.

When one allele is not dominant over the other, resulting in both traits expressed in a heterozygous individual.....

a)

Incomplete Dominance

b)

Codominance

64.

In mice coat color is incompletely dominant. Black and white are homozygous. Brown mice are heterozygous.


What is the genotype for a brown mouse?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

65.

In cattle red coats are represented as RR, and white coats are represented as WW.


What is the genotype for Roan color?

a)

RR

b)

RW

c)

WW

66.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
67.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
68.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
69.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
70.
This is an example of ___________.
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
71.

A woman with curly hair and a man with straight hair produced a child with wavy hair:

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Complete dominance

72.
 Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity by ______________.
a)
breeding fruit flies
b)
cutting off the tails of mice
c)
crossing pea plants
d)
growing bacteria in a laboratory
73.
 An organism that has two identical genes for a trait is said to be _________.
a)
hybrid for the trait
b)
incompletely dominant for the trait
c)
heterozygous for the trait
d)
homozygous for the trait
74.
 One dog carries homozygous, long-haired traits (SS), and its mate carries homozygous short-haired traits (ss). Use a Punnett square to determine the probability of one of their offspring having long hair.
a)
100%
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
75.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
76.
How many of the males in this pedigree show the trait being studied?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
6
77.
When 2 pea plants heterozygous for height (Tt) are crossed, what is the ratio of the resulting genotypes (TT:Tt:tt)?
a)
1:2:1
b)
2:1:1
c)
0:3:1
d)
0:2:2
78.
 Look at the Punnett square. If the two parents represented in the Punnett square have four offspring, what does the Punnett square tells you?
a)
two of the offspring will definitely be heterozygous.  
b)
one of the offspring will definitely show the recessive trait.
c)
there is a 50% chance for each of the 4 offspring to have the genotype Rr.
d)
there is a greater chance for the offspring to be RR than rr.
79.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
80.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
81.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
82.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
83.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
84.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
85.

How many males are carriers?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

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