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Science Benchmark Review

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 1hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A species that no longer exists is said to be _______________.

a)

extinct

b)

endangered

c)

threatened

d)

born

2.

There have been 5 mass extinctions in Earth's history. Which of the following answer choices was a cause of these extinctions? You may select more than one answer. Check all that apply.

a)

increased carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere

b)

an asteroid impact

c)

melting of glaciers and rising sea levels

d)

widespread volcanic activity

e)

All of them

3.

A species whose population is decreasing.

a)

threatened species

b)

mass extinction

c)

endangered species

d)

extinct species

4.

a species whose population has decreased to a point that it may die out

a)

extinct species

b)

threatened species

c)

mass extinction

d)

endangered species

5.

a species that no longer exists

a)

mass extinction

b)

endangered species

c)

extinct species

d)

threatened species

6.

Which of the following is the BEST reason for why a species would become extinct?


a)

environmental changes

b)

biodiversity

c)

migration

d)

evolution (The ability to change a species over time)

7.

Which of the following factors that impact climate change are HUMAN ACTIVITIES?

a)

cement production

b)

solar radiation

c)

agricultural activities

d)

burning of fossil fuels

e)

volcanic activity

8.

Which of the following factors that impact climate change are NATURAL PROCESSES?

a)

cement production

b)

solar radiation

c)

agricultural activities

d)

burning of fossil fuels

e)

volcanic activity

9.

Which of the following best describes the impact that volcanic activity has on Earth's Climate?

a)

Volcanic activity has very little impact on Global Climate Change, in-fact volcanoes release less than a percent of the carbon dioxide released by human activities

b)

Volcanic Activity is responsible for 100 billion tons of Carbon Dioxide entering Earth's atmosphere each year, it is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases

c)

Volcanic Activity is the second largest emitter of greenhouse gases, behind Agricultural Activities

10.

Identify the items on the graph that have a negative impact on Climate Change (make CC worse).

a)

livestock

b)

crops

c)

grassland

d)

forests

e)

urban trees

11.

Identify the items on the graph that have a positive impact on Climate Change (make CC less bad).

a)

livestock

b)

crops

c)

forests

d)

urban trees

e)

wetlands

12.
Humans are causing extiction in which ways?
a)
By over hunting animals for food or products.
b)
By destroying the natural habitat of species.
c)
By polluting the environments of the world.
d)
All of the above.
13.

What is NOT an example of limiting factors?

a)

Predation

b)

Food Source

c)

Space

d)

Migration

14.

If a population of gazelle decrease, the population of cheetahs will...

a)

Decrease

b)

Increase

c)

Stay the same

d)

Cheetahs don't eat gazelle

15.

True or False: A natural disaster is an example of a limiting factor.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

Breaking News! A new island has formed off of Hawaii! What must occur for it to become an ecosystem?

a)

Secondary Succession

b)

Aquatic succession

c)

Primary Succession

d)

Ferns must grow

17.

How do pioneer species compare in primary and secondary succession?

a)

primary starts with grass and weeds, secondary starts with mosses

b)

primary starts with forest fire, secondary starts with volcano

c)

primary starts with a volcano, secondary starts with a forest fire

d)

Lichens and moss in primary, and grasses/ ferns in secondary

18.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

19.

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

a)

loosen the dirt for new trees to take roots?

b)

provide food for animals returning to the area

c)

require plenty of sunlight to make their own food

d)

can grow even in areas with shallow soil

20.
The closer a biome is to the equator, the more we would expect it to be
a)
warmer & wetter
b)
warmer & drier
c)
cooler & wetter
d)
cooler & drier
21.

Which of the following is NOT a freshwater ecosystem?

a)

stream

b)

pond

c)

estuary

d)

river

22.

In which aquatic biome does saltwater and freshwater mix?

a)

Estuary

b)

Intertidal Zone

c)

Photic Zone

d)

Coral Reef

23.

Which terrestrial biome is located near the equator and includes the Amazon and Congo river basins and most of Southeast Asia?

a)

Tropical grassland (savanna)

b)

Tropical rainforest

c)

Temperate deciduous forest

d)

Temperate grassland (prairie)

24.

Terrestrial biomes are biomes that are located on/in

a)

land

b)

water

25.

Aquatic biomes are biomes that are found in/on

a)

land

b)

water

26.

Organisms with traits that are best suited for their environments are likely to have a greater chance for survival. These helpful traits, which arise due to genetic mutations, are known as _____________________.

a)

Mutation

b)

Adaptations

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Evolution

27.

When one organism eats another organism.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

28.

When two organisms fight for the same resource

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

29.

When one organism benefits while the other organism is neither helped or hurt.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

30.

When both organisms benefits.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

31.

When one organism benefits while the other organism is hurt.

a)

Competition

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

e)

Mutualism

32.
Which type of organism is responsible for recycling the remains of a dead plant or animal to the soil?
a)
Producer
b)
Consumer
c)
Decomposer
33.
Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they
a)
return vital nutrients to the ecosystem
b)
capture energy from the Sun
c)
are producers
d)
can be omnivores
34.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)

Decomposer

b)

Producer

c)

Secondary Consumer

d)

Primary Consumer

35.
Sharks consume smaller fish they catch in the ocean. This is an example of what type of relationship?
a)
predator/prey
b)
parasite/host
c)
prey/predator
36.

Which of the following shows an abiotic factor interacting with a biotic factor in the environment?

a)

Lamprey eels survive by attaching themselves to trout.

b)

Water temperature affects its oxygen level.

c)

Low light intensity affects the growth of forest pine trees.

d)

Gypsy moth caterpillars eat the leaves of apple tree.

37.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
38.
If the grasshopper were to be removed completely from the food web, what organism would be most effected?
a)
The squirrel
b)
The shrew
c)
The deer
d)
The rabbit
39.
Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in a food web?
a)
More than one organism may eat them. 
b)
They may eat more than one other organism. 
c)
This organism gets its energy from multiple sources. 
d)
They have no resources available to them.
40.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
41.

The diets of several types of prairie animals are described in the table. Which of the following prairie food chains is in the correct order? (5.9B)

a)
b)
c)
d)
42.

Different students drew illustrations of the flow of energy in an ecosystem.

Which student is most accurate?

a)

Student 1

b)

Student 2

c)

Student 3

d)

Student 4

43.

___ is needed for cellular respiration, it is absorbed from the air.

a)

oxygen

b)

glucose

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

water

44.
How much energy is available to be passed on to the next trophic level in an ecosystem?
a)
100%
b)
10%
c)
50%
d)
75%
45.
The diagram represents a model of a food pyramid.  Which statement best describes what happens in this food pyramid?
a)
More organisms die at higher levels than at lower levels, resulting in less mass at higher levels.
b)
Energy is lost to the environment at each level, so less mass can be supported at each higher level.
c)
When organisms die at higher levels, their remains sink to lower levels, increasing the mass of lower levels.
d)
Organisms decay at each level, and thus less mass can be supported at higher levels
46.
What is the sun's role in the energy pyramid?
a)
to produce chemical energy for the ecosystem.
b)
to provide radiant energy for producers to convert to chemical energy. 
c)
to start the energy flow of the ecosystem. 
d)
to provide mechanical energy for producers to convert to chemical energy. 
47.
What form of energy is in the food organisms consume?
a)
chemical energy
b)
thermal energy
c)
mechanical energy
d)
radiant energy
48.

What is the geologic time scale?

a)

A chart that divides Earth’s history into different time units

b)

Is made up of all the fossils ever discovered on Earth

c)

The impression of an organism

d)

Is the change over time in populations of related organisms

49.

What are fossils?

a)

Are the remains or evidence of once-living organisms

b)

Is the change over time in populations of related organisms

c)

A chart that divides Earth’s history into different time units

d)

Occurs when the last individual organism of a species dies

50.

What are the 2 types of aquatic biomes?

a)

rivers and streams

b)

lakes and oceans

c)

marine and fresh water

d)

marine and oceanic

51.
Which of these is NOT a marine biome?
a)
open ocean
b)
deep ocean floor
c)
seashore
d)
wetlands
52.
Which of these is NOT a freshwater biome?
a)
coral reef
b)
flowing water
c)
wetlands
d)
ponds and lakes
53.

The kind of wetland formed where saltwater and fresh water meet is called

a)

brujeria

b)

estuary

c)

swamp

d)

marsh

54.
Terrestrial biomes are defined mainly by their
a)
climate & plants
b)
climate & animals
c)
animals & plants
d)
climate only
55.
When there is higher biodiversity
a)
more organisms are likely to die because they can't adapt to environmental changes.
b)
there is less diversity.
c)
there is more diversity and higher sustainability of life.
d)
there is more diversity and lower sustainability of life
56.
A small marine area has phytoplankton as its only producer.  Should the marine biologist be concerned about this ecosystem?
a)
No the fish do not need the phytoplanton. Since there are so many fish, there is high biodiversity.
b)
Yes, this ecosystem has low biodiversity.  Without a producer the herbivores will die out leaving no food.
c)
Yes, this system has high biodiversity; however the fish can adapt and get food from another source.
d)
Yes, the fish will overate to get all of the phytoplankton that is left, then they will die.
57.
How do biodiversity and sustainability work together?
a)
The lower the biodiversity the greater the sustainability.
b)
The higher the biodiversity, the less sustainable the ecosystem
c)
The higher the biodiversity, the greater the sustainability.
d)
Biodiversity has nothing to do with sustainability.
58.
When organisms leave a population and move away
a)
Emigration
b)
Immigration
c)
Birth Rate
d)
Death Rate
59.

In the technology design process, the next step after defining a problem is to

a)

redesign.

b)

choose the best solution.

c)

build a prototype.

d)

research the problem fully.

60.

Is the diagram showing the correct order of the Engineering process?

a)

YES

b)

NO

c)

I don't know

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