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Unit 9 Test Review (Ecology)

Total questions: 152

Worksheet time: 2hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The change of a liquid to a gas; the sun heats energy up and turns water into vapor (gas)
a)
evaporation
b)
vapor
c)
precipitation
d)
condensation
2.
The hydrologic cycle continuously recycles _______ through Earth's systems.
a)
rocks
b)
water
c)
oxygen
d)
carbon dioxide 
3.
A gas state of matter.
a)
runoff
b)
farts
c)
hydro
d)
vapor
4.
Water released from clouds as rain, snow, or hail.
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
accumulation
d)
precipitation
5.
Part of the water cycle where an excess of water runs down and does not sink into the soil and eventually makes it to the rivers, lakes, and oceans.
a)
aquifer
b)
hydro
c)
vapor
d)
runoff
6.
Which reservoir in the water cycle contains the most water?
a)
Ice Caps
b)
Lakes
c)
Groundwater
d)
Oceans
7.
Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface like hail, snow, sleet, rain;clouds get heavy and the air cannot hold it any longer.
a)
precipitation
b)
transpiration
c)
condensation
d)
clouds
8.
Which is the opposite of condensation?
a)
runoff
b)
evaporation
c)
precipitation
d)
transpiration
9.
What is the next stage after condensation in the water cycle?
a)
CONDENSATION
b)
GROUNDWATER
c)
PRECIPITATION
d)
RUN OFF
10.
Which best explains why runoff is important?
a)
It returns water to other locations on Earth
b)
It increases the chance of flooding
c)
It makes evaporation occur faster
d)
It increases condensation
11.
Which of these is an example of precipitation?
a)
snow
b)
air
c)
clouds
d)
vapor
12.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
13.
What is the water cycle?
a)
the 3 forms of water
b)
the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
c)
when water melts
d)
when clouds form
14.

97% of the Earth's water is located in....

a)

ground water

b)

the ocean

c)

lakes, rivers, and streams

d)

glaciers

15.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
16.
What is a layer of rock or sediment that holds water?
a)
glacier
b)
well
c)
aquifer
d)
natural spring
17.
Which of the following causes all of the water on the planet to change its state (solid, liquid, gas) and move through the water cycle?
a)
amount of plant matter
b)
location of ice caps
c)
size of ocean
d)
temperature
18.

What is liquid water doing when it is changed to water vapor?

a)

evaporating

b)

condensing

c)

precipitating

d)

runoff

19.
What percentage of the Earth’s fresh water is available for drinking?
a)
10%
b)
<1%
c)
3%
d)
15%
20.

What is water vapor doing when it changes to liquid water?

a)

evaporating

b)

condensing

c)

precipitating

d)

runoff

21.

Carbon dioxide is a gas produced by ___.

a)

precipitation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

decomposition

d)

cellular respiration

22.
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle
a)
True
b)
False
23.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
24.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
25.

Plants use ____________ to make their own food

a)

Water

b)

Sunlight

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

All of these

26.

Through the process of photosynthesis, plants pull CO2 from the air to make plant food for themselves.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

How do animals get carbon?

a)

By eating plants and or other animals.

b)

They absorb it from the atmosphere.

c)

From the ground

d)

They do not get carbon from anywhere.

28.

When humans EXHALE, we release __________________.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Water

29.

Which of the following are fossil fuels?

a)

Coal, water, oil

b)

Oxygen, coal, oil

c)

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

d)

None of the above

30.

Where can you find carbon?

a)

Only in Earth's atmosphere

b)

Inside all water molecules

c)

Inside the sun

d)

Inside every living thing on Earth

31.

What organisms in the ocean absorb the most carbon dioxide?

a)

Algae and marine plants

b)

Ocean mammals, like whales and dolphins

c)

Fish

d)

Coral

32.

If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere would ____________________.

a)

Increase

b)

Decrease

c)

Stay the same

33.

When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the _______________________ as carbon dioxide.

a)

Water

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Sun

d)

Ground

34.

Carbon enters the soil through dead plant or animal matter through what process?

a)

Decomposition

b)

Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Diffusion

35.
What does NOT produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
36.
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle
a)
True
b)
False
37.
Combustion is another word for _______________.
a)
a train
b)
a bus
c)
a dog
d)
burning
38.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
39.

The circulation of the element Carbon among Earth's atmosphere, land, oceans, and organisms is called _____________.

a)

the Carbon Cycle

b)

the Oxygen Cycle

c)

the Carbon dioxide Cycle

d)

the Water Cycle

40.

How do plants affect the air that animals and people breathe?

a)

Plants use oxygen from the air to make their own food

b)

Plants release pollution into the air

c)

Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen

d)

Plants take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

41.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

42.

The process in which nitrogen circulates and is recycled is called

a)

The nitrogen cycle

b)

The carbon cycle

c)

The water cycle

d)

The phosphorus cycle

43.

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

a)

only plants

b)

only animals

c)

only bacteria

d)

all living things

44.

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

a)

Through action of bacteria only

b)

Through lightning only

c)

Through action of bacteria and lightning

d)

Through photosynthesis

45.

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

a)

From the air they breathe

b)

From the water they drink

c)

From the food they eat

d)

From the sun

46.

Gas that makes up 78% of our atmosphere.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

47.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

48.

What is the formula for atmospheric nitrogen?

a)

N

b)

N2

c)

NH3

d)

NO3

49.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

50.

Plants and animals cannot use nitrogen directly from the air.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

According to this diagram, plants use nitrogen to make _________________________

a)

bacteria

b)

animals

c)

proteins

d)

decomposers

52.

According to this diagram, plants absorb

a)

nitrates

b)

nitrogen fixing bacteria

c)

animals

d)

decomposers

53.

According to this diagram, animals get proteins from eating ________________________

a)

decomposers

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

sunlight

54.

The process that allows organisms to use nitrogen

a)

assimilation

b)

denitrification

c)

fixation

d)

ammonification

55.

A correct path that nitrogen could take would be

a)

air -> animals -> plants -> bacteria

b)

animals -> air -> bacteria -> plants

c)

bacteria -> air -> plants -> animals

d)

air -> bacteria -> plants -> animals

56.

Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.

a)

True

b)

False

57.

Bacteria create a form of nitrogen that animals can use directly.

a)

True

b)

False

58.

What do free living bacteria in the soil do?

a)

Make clouds

b)

Turn atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates

c)

Make carbon dioxide for plants to go through photosynthesis

d)

Help plants take in water

59.

In the nitrogen cycle, what does label A in the diagram represent?

a)

Gas

b)

Clouds

c)

Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

d)

Nitrogen in the atmosphere

60.

All plants have nitrogen fixing bacteria in their roots.

a)

True

b)

False

61.

This is NOT a part of the phosphorus cycle.

a)

Phosphate is incorporated into sedimentary rocks

b)

Phosphate bound to soil

c)

Atmospheric phosphate

d)

Phosphate is absorbed from the soil by plants

62.
Phosphorous is passed from plants to ____ who eat them
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
scavengers
63.
_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .
a)
precipitation
b)
runoff
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
64.
Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?
a)
Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
b)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
c)
Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
d)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.
65.
What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?
a)
absorb phosphorous 
b)
release phosphorous into atmosphere
c)
return phosphorous into the soil
d)
combustion
66.
This is released by the weathering of rocks.
a)
Carbon
b)
Oxygen
c)
Phosphorus
d)
Nitrogen
67.

Too much phosphorus in waterways (rivers, lakes) can lead to___________.

a)

eutrophication

b)

Nothing

c)

Death

d)

diseases

68.

An algal bloom is the rapid growth of a population of

a)

fungi

b)

protozoans

c)

algae

69.

Which of the following is NOT true of phosphorus and the phosphorus cycle?

a)

Phosphorus is mined from phosphorus rich rock, which is processed and then added to commercial inorganic fertilizers as well as detergents.

b)

Phosphorus tends to be more localized compared with other biogeochemical cycles that can move more freely in the global system.

c)

Phosphorus is generally found in rocks, sediments, and soil.

d)

Phosphorus does not exist in the atmosphere as a gas.

e)

Living organisms do not need phosphorus.

70.

Phosphorus is mainly found (stored) in the atmosphere.

a)

True

b)

False

71.
Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?
a)
Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
b)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
c)
Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
d)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.
72.
Identify the cycle pictured.
a)
The Water cycle
b)
The Carbon cycle
c)
The Nitrogen cycle
d)
The Phosphorus cycle.
73.

If the amount of food or resources available increases, the carrying capacity for an animal.....

a)

Stays the same

b)

Increases

c)

Decreases

d)

Fluctuates

74.
What growth pattern describes a population whose growth rate slows or stops following a period of exponential growth?
a)
logistic growth
b)
population growth
c)
exponential growth
d)
predator-prey cycle
75.

This is the largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

population crash

c)

lag phase

d)

mutualism

76.

Which type of growth is best illustrated by this rabbit population?

a)

exponential

b)

logistic

c)

S-shaped

d)

predator-prey

77.

What point on the graph represents the carrying capacity?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

78.

When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

a)

Continues to grow

b)

The population starts to die off to return to carrying capcity

c)

The population will go extinct due to lack of resources

d)

The population grows then finds a new carrying capacity

79.
If there is more food than usual in an ecosystem, then the population will mostly likely...
a)
stay the same
b)
decrease
c)
increase
d)
reach carrying capacity
80.
How will competition affect the carrying capacity of an ecosystem for the animal in competition?
a)
Decrease
b)
Increase
c)
Will show not affect
d)
Competition does not exist in nature
81.

In a forest ecosystem, which of the following is the best example of a limiting factor for a rabbit population?

a)

The squirrel population

b)

The amount of sunlight

c)

Amount of grass available

d)

Rabbits have no limiting factors

82.

Water, sunlight, shelter, and space are resources that are often........

a)

abiotic limiting factors

b)

biotic limiting factors

c)

non-limiting factors

d)

exponetial factors

83.

Logistic growth is representative of a population in an environment with .................... resources.

a)

limited

b)

plenty of

c)

no resources

d)

biotic

84.
What would the carrying capacity of this graph be
a)
530
b)
400
c)
500
d)
480
85.

According to the graph, what is causing the deer population to decrease

a)

They got sick

b)

The wolf population is decreasing

c)

The wolf population increased

d)

They ran out of food

86.

Predator population lags behind prey population because......

a)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in prey

b)

Increase in predators leads to increase in prey

c)

Increase in predators leads to decrease in producers

d)

Increase in producers leads to increase in prey

87.
How many carnivores are shown in this food web?
a)
6
b)
4
c)
5
d)
3
88.

What is typically the limiting factor for population growth of phytoplankton? (hint: with Eutrophication there is an abundance of this.)

a)

Water

b)

Nutrients

c)

Sunlight

d)

Predation

89.

What is Hypoxia?

a)

High Oxygen

b)

Low Nitrogen

c)

Low Oxygen

d)

High Carbon

90.

What is a cause of eutrophication?

a)

Too much Nitrogen and Oxygen

b)

Too much Nitrogen and Phosphorus

c)

Too much Nitrogen and Carbon

d)

Too much Nitrogen and Aluminum

91.

Reorder the following

a)

Excess Nutrients

b)

Algae Bloom

c)

Decomposition

d)

Hypoxia

e)

Dead Animals

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
92.

Why would hypoxia be bad for animals?

a)

It is poisonous to their livers

b)

They will get more mutations in their DNA

c)

It can stop them from reproducing.

d)

Animals need Oxygen for Cellular Respiration

93.

Nitrogen is found in...

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Sugars

94.

Phosphorus is found in...

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Lipids

d)

Proteins

95.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Eutrophication

1.

Excess nutrients causing algal growth and hypoxia

b)

Hypoxia

2.

Low Oxygen

c)

Nitrogen & Phosphorus

3.

Nutrients

d)

Algae & Phytoplankton

4.

Photosynthetic Organisms

e)

Decomposition

5.

Breaking down of substances by microorganisms

96.

This map shows a...

a)

Dead Zone

b)

Hurricane

c)

Red Tide

d)

Tidal Current

97.

What happens to plants at the bottom of a lake that has a dense algal bloom?

a)

They die because they lack oxygen

b)

They thrive

c)

They die because they cannot recieve sunlight.

d)

They produce excess nitrogen and phosphorus

98.

What is Ecology?

a)

Study of Life

b)

Study of relationships between organisms and the environment

c)

Study of Plants and their anatomy, physiology, and purpose in life

d)

Study of Human Society and the connections between groups/ cultures

99.

Which is a population?

A
B
C
D
100.

Which biome do we live in according to this map?

a)

Desert

b)

Tropical Rain Forest

c)

Temperate Deciduous Forest

d)

Tundra

101.

Label the Diagram

a)Kangaroo
b)Abiotic
c)Biotic
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
102.

Which two are Autotrophs?

A
B
C
D
E
F
103.

Photosynthetic organisms produce glucose from CO2 with energy from where?

a)

More Glucose

b)

The Sun

c)

Eating Plants

d)

Deep underwater thermal vents

104.

Which three are heterotrophs?

A
B
C
D
E
F
105.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Herbivore

1.

Rabbit

b)

Carnivore

2.

Lion

c)

Omnivore

3.

Human

d)

Scavenger

4.

Vulture

e)

Detritivore

5.

Mushroom

106.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Two Redbud Trees compete for water.

1.

Intraspecific Competition

b)

An Alligator and Cheetah both want to eat a baby Zebra

2.

Interspecific Competition

c)

Monopoly

3.

No Competition

107.

In a predator-prey relationship... If the population of prey declines, the population of predators will likely ​ (a)   . If the population of predators declines, the population of prey will likely ​ (b)   . If the population of prey increases, we expect the number of predators to ​ (c)   . If the number of predators increases, we expect the population of prey to ​ (d)   .

Choose from the below words
decline
increase
stay the same
108.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Ecosystem Services

1.

Positive benefit that wildlife or ecosystems provide to people.

b)

Provisioning

2.

Benefit to people. can be extracted from nature.

c)

Regulating

3.

Benefit from ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomenon.

d)

Eutrophication

4.

Excess nutrients cause an increase in plant growth but kills animals.

e)

Ecology

5.

Study of the relationship between organisms and their environment.

109.

What could provide an ecosystem service? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Mangrove Trees
Climate Change
Coastal Erosion
Concrete Walls
110.

What ecosystem services do Mangrove trees provide?

a)

Protection from rising sea levels

b)

Firewood, Charcoal

c)

Increase biodiversity, which is beneficial for fisherman

d)

All of the Above

111.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Provisioning Service

1.

Firewood

b)

Supporting Service

2.

Soil creation

c)

Cultural Service

3.

National Parks

d)

Regulating

4.

Water purification

112.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Provisioning

1.

Extracted resources from nature

b)

Supporting

2.

Supports basic life and all other services

c)

Cultural

3.

non-material benefits from ecosystems

d)

Regulating

4.

benefits from natural processes and phenomena

113.

Which is NOT an ecosystem service

a)

Mangroves protecting the coastline

b)

Plants purifying drinking water

c)

Mountains that are used for snowboarding or skiing

d)

Concrete barrier that stops the tornaders

114.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Provisioning Service

1.

Hemp Clothes

b)

Supporting Service

2.

Photosynthesis

c)

Cultural Service

3.

Paintings of nature

d)

Regulating

4.

Pollination

115.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Provisioning Service

1.

Oil/ Fuel

b)

Supporting Service

2.

Nutrient Cycling

c)

Cultural Service

3.

Eco-Tourism

d)

Regulating

4.

Erosion Control

116.
Question Image

Match the following

a)

Provisioning Service

1.

Seafood

b)

Supporting Service

2.

Primary Productivity

c)

Cultural Service

3.

Folklore about nature

d)

Regulating

4.

Climate Control

117.

Which service is necessary for all other services to exist?

a)

Provisioning

b)

Cultural

c)

Supporting

d)

Regulating

118.
Salt water is an abundant resource but unusable for irrigation and drinking. As demands on freshwater sources increase, the use of desalination processes to remove salt from ocean water is increasing. A concern of desalinating water is the large amounts of recovered salts that are returned to the ocean. Which of the following describes the most likely impact of desalination on the surrounding ocean environment? 
a)
Methane gas would pollute the ocean environment as shoreline organisms begin to die and decay.
b)
Alteration in ocean salt levels would cause loss of species and unbalanced populations in marine food webs.
c)
Nonrenewable resources in the ocean environment would become depleted and upset the ecosystem's balance.
d)
Increased levels of salts and minerals in the ocean would result in overpopulation of marine bivalves due to strengthened shells
119.
New fuels are being produced by converting corn and grasses into compounds containing alcohols that can be broken down for energy in various engines. The purpose of this research is to
a)
 reduce the use of nonrenewable resources.
b)
increase the rate of air pollution.
c)
reduce the rate of homeostasis in organisms.
d)
 cause a loss of biodiversity in the rain forests.
120.
The presence of wastes, such as plastic bags and motor oil, in lakes and streams miles away from developed areas suggests that
a)
. ecosystems are interconnected and human action can alter ecosystem equilibrium.
b)
recycling programs have failed to conserve biotic resources.
c)
natural processes can alter ecosystem stability.
d)
 direct harvesting practices have led to irreversible destruction of ecosystems.
121.
DDT and other pesticides used over 50 years ago are still affecting the environment today. Scientists have found these substances in recent glacier runoff. Glacier runoff occurs during the summer, when precipitation that has fallen on glaciers during the winter is released. Ice layers from existing glaciers have been analyzed. The results of this analysis show that the concentrations of DDT and other pesticides were highest about 10 years after the use of these substances was banned. This information shows that
a)
DDT and other pesticides cause glacier runoff during the summer.
b)
it takes humans over 50 years to analyze a glacier.
c)
precipitation helps to break down pesticides.
d)
the decision of one human generation may have an impact on future generations.
122.
The northern elephant seal was almost hunted to extinction in the 1800s. By the late 1890s, approximately one hundred seals were left, reducing the gene pool of the population. What will be the consequence of this reduction?
a)
 Competition within the population will increase.
b)
The surviving elephant seals will be better able to adapt.
c)
 Inbreeding will be less frequent among the remaining population.
d)
The elephant seals will be more vulnerable to environmental change. 
123.
A community is concerned about the water quality of a nearby lake. Increased sedimentation in the lake is endangering the native habitat. The increased sedimentation is most likely caused by which of the following?
a)
trees planted along the shore of the lake
b)
construction of homes along the lake
c)
the amount of sunlight on the lake
d)
the amount of fish in the lake
124.
When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this process affect other organisms in the water?
a)
Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.
b)
The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.
c)
The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.
d)
The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.
125.
A strip mining company wants to lease some land that is currently part of a national park. They promise to reclaim the land should any minerals be mined from the area, and they are willing to pay top dollar for the rights. As an ecologist, what factors would you raise with the local government?
a)
the threat to local biodiversity
b)
management of the land after the company leaves
c)
the new jobs that would be created
d)
the increased traffic in the area
126.
Whaling was a very profitable profession until whale populations crashed. The global community came together to enact a ban on whaling. However, Japan and Norway have not agreed to stop whaling. Which of the following is the most likely consequence of their decision?
a)
The whale populations are bouncing back very successfully and are unaffected by Japan and Norway continuing to whale.
b)
The whale populations are not rebounding as quickly as they might if all of the countries agreed not to hunt whales. 
c)
The whale populations have mutated into new kinds of organisms.
d)
The whales are getting better at avoiding capture. 
127.
The diagram shows the carbon cycle.  If many trees are removed from a forest by logging, what is the most immediate effect on the carbon cycle in that forest?
a)
 increase in the rates of decomposition
b)
increase in the rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide
c)
decreased combustion of fossil fuel
d)
 increase production of organic compounds
128.

Match the following

a)
1.

Primary succession

b)
2.

pioneer species

c)
3.

abiotic factor

d)
4.

secondary sucession

e)
5.

climax community

129.

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

a)

foundational organisms

b)

introductory organisms

c)

primary organisms

d)

pioneer species

130.

Primary succession occurs in an area that has:

a)

Has Soil

b)

Has No Soil

c)

Has Some Soil

d)

none of these

131.

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

a)

Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

b)

Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

c)

Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.

d)

Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

132.

What is an example of an area that is likely to undergo primary succession?

a)

Glaciers melt and leave exposed rock

b)

Plants die from drought and decompose

c)

Land is bulldozed and soil remains

133.
What is ecological succession?
a)
A slow change in an environment
b)
A change that takes days in an environment
c)
No change
d)
Abiotic change
134.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
135.

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

136.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
137.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
138.
What is the correct order from oldest (happened first) to youngest (happened last) in this pond succession?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
D, C, B, A
c)
B, A, D, C
d)
C, D, A, B
139.
Nitrogen rich fertilizers and manure can cause water pollution.
a)
True
b)
False
140.
Organisms that play a role in the nitrogen cycle
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
plants, animals, & bacteria
141.
How nitrogen is "fixed" into useable form for plants
a)
only through action of bacteria
b)
only through lightning
c)
through action of bacteria & lightning
d)
through photosynthesis
142.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

143.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

144.

Why is combustion an important process in the carbon cycle?

a)

It turns fossil fuels into carbon dioxide.

b)

It turns once living things and organic matter into fossil fuels.

c)

It turns carbon dioxide into glucose, so animals can eat the carbon.

d)

It turns glucose into carbon dioxide, which gets released into the air.

145.

What is true about nutrients in the ecosystem (such as water, carbon, and nitrogen)?

a)

They are not affected by humans in the ecosystem.

b)

They cannot be recovered if they are lost in the ecosystem.

c)

They cycle through the ecosystem in different forms to support life.

d)

They are usually only found in one form in the ecosystem to support life.

146.

Why is decomposition an important process in the carbon cycle?

a)

It turns fossil fuels into carbon dioxide.

b)

It turns once living things and organic matter into fossil fuels.

c)

It turns carbon dioxide into glucose, so animals can eat the carbon.

d)

It turns glucose into carbon dioxide, which gets released into the air.

147.

Why is respiration an important process in the carbon cycle?

a)

It turns fossil fuels into carbon dioxide.

b)

It turns once living things and organic matter into fossil fuels.

c)

It turns carbon dioxide into glucose, so animals can eat the carbon.

d)

It turns glucose into carbon dioxide, which gets released into the air.

148.

Why is photosynthesis an important process in the carbon cycle?

a)

It turns fossil fuels into carbon dioxide.

b)

It turns once living things and organic matter into fossil fuels.

c)

It turns carbon dioxide into glucose, so animals can eat the carbon.

149.

How does a lion obtain the carbon it needs from a grass plant?

a)

The lion breathes in carbon given off by the grass.

b)

The lion cannot obtain the carbon in a grass plant.

c)

The lion absorbs the carbon given off by transpiration.

d)

The lion eats the antelope that ate the grass.

150.

Within the carbon cycle, anything that absorbs more carbon from the atmosphere than it releases.

a)

carbon sink

b)

carbon source

151.

Within the carbon cycle, anything that releases more carbon into the atmosphere than it absorbs.

a)

carbon sink

b)

carbon source

152.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

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