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Worksheets

Rocks and Minerals Review

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
2.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
3.

Which mineral can be found in the rocks phyllite, sandstone, and granite?

a)

quartz

b)

pyroxene

c)

gypsum

d)

calcite

4.

Which two minerals are commercial sources of iron?

a)

galena and graphite

b)

muscovite mica and biotite mica

c)

garnet and flourite

d)

hematite and magnetite

5.

Which rock is composed of the mineral halite that formed when seawater evaporated?

a)

limestone

b)

rock salt

c)

dolostone

d)

rock gypsum

6.

Which element, found in both biotite mica and muscovite mica, makes up the greatest percent by volume of Earth's crust?

a)

silicon

b)

oxygen

c)

nirtogen

d)

potassium

7.

Which mineral is commonly used as an abrasive?

a)

garnet

b)

halite

c)

sulfue

d)

graphite

8.

Which rock was organically formed and sometimes contains fossilized plant impressions?

a)

rock gypsum

b)

phyllite

c)

breccoa

d)

coal

9.

Olivine and pyroxene are commonly found in igneous rocks that are

a)

felsic, with low densityB

b)

mafic, with high density

c)

mafic, with low density

d)

felsic, with high density

10.

Granite bedrock formed when

a)

sediments were buried

b)

a volcano erupted quickly

c)

magma cooled underground

d)

limestone recrystallized

11.

The igneous rock is mostly composed of potassium feldspar and quartz crystals that have an average grain size of 3 millimeters. The igneous rock is most likely

a)

pegmatite

b)

gabbro

c)

granite

d)

pumice

12.

Which intrusive igneous rock could be composed of approximately 60% pyroxene, 25% plagioclase feldspar, 10% olivine, and 5% amphibole?

a)

granite

b)

rhyolite

c)

gabbro

d)

basalt

13.

Which three minerals are most commonly found in the igneous rock granite?

a)

plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine

b)

plagioclase feldspar, potassium feldspar, and quartz

c)

amphibole, biotite mica, and gypsum

d)

amphibole, calcite, and hematite

14.

Which common rock is formed from the solidification of molten material?

a)

rock gypsum

b)

slate

c)

rhyolite

d)

coal

15.

Which process is necessary for the formation of igneous rocks?

a)

erosion

b)

deposition

c)

solidification

d)

metamorphism

16.

A fine-grained igneous rock composed mostly of plagioclase feldspar and hornblende and containing no quartz or pyroxene would be classified as

a)

granite

b)

andesite

c)

peridotite

d)

scoria

17.

Which characteristic provides the best evidence that obsidian rock formed in an extrusive environment?

a)

layers of rounded fragments

b)

distorted bands of large mineral crystals

c)

noncrystalline glassy texture

d)

mineral cement between grains

18.

Which relative concentration of elements is found in a mafic rock?

a)

a high concentration of silicon and a low concentration of iron

b)

a high concentration of iron and a low concentration of aluminum

c)

a high concentration of aluminum and a low concentration of iron

d)

a high concentration of aluminum and a low concentration of magnesium

19.

Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily because

a)

Light reflects from crystal surfaces

b)

Energy is released during crystallization

c)

Of impurities that produce surface variations

d)

The internal arrangement of atom

20.

Scratching a mineral against a glass plate is a method used for determining the mineral's

a)

color

b)

hardness

c)

luster

d)

cleavage

21.

Which mineral property is illustrated by the peeling of muscovite mica into thin, flat sheets?

a)

streak

b)

cleavage

c)

luster

d)

hardness

22.
a)

A—cleavage; B—hardness; C—streak

b)

A—cleavage; B—streak; C—hardness

c)

A—streak; B—cleavage; C—hardness

d)

A—streak; B—hardness; C—cleavage

23.

Which two processes formed this rock?

a)

compaction and cementation

b)

melting and solidification

c)

heating and application of pressure

d)

folding and faulting

24.

The best evidence for determining the cooling rate of an igneous rock during its solidification is provided by

a)

faults in the rock

b)

composition

c)

density

d)

the crystal size of its minerals

25.

Which rock is of felsic composition, low in density, light in color, and coarse grained?

a)

gabbro

b)

granite

c)

rhyolite

d)

basalt

26.

Which land-derived sedimentary rock could have formed by the compaction and cementation of particles smaller than 0.0004 centimeter in diameter?

a)

siltstone

b)

sandstone

c)

limestone

d)

shale

27.

Limestone, gypsum, and salt are rocks formed by the processes of

a)

weathering and metamorphism

b)

evaporation and precipitation

c)

melting and solidification

d)

erosion and deposition

28.

Which type of sedimentary rock contains the greatest range of particle sizes?

a)

sandstone

b)

siltstone

c)

conglomerate

d)

shale

29.

A fossil is not likely to be found in

a)

limestone

b)

sandstone

c)

basalt

d)

shale

30.

Metamorphic rocks result from the

a)

cooling and solidification of molten magma

b)

Heat and pressure causing recrystallization of rocks

c)

erosion of rocks

d)

compression and cementation of soil particles

31.

In which set are the rock drawings labeled with their correct rock types?

a)
b)
c)
d)
32.

The sedimentary rock limestone will change into the metamorphic rock...

a)

slate

b)

quartzite

c)

marble

d)

metaconglomerate

33.
This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Sedimentary Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
34.
This rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock
35.
This rock formed when lava cooled very quickly on Earth's surface. What specific type of rock is it?
a)
Extrusive Igneous Rock
b)
Intrusive Igneous Rock
c)
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock
d)
Biochemical Sedimentary Rock
36.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
37.

Which sedimentary rock has a fine-grained texture?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

38.

This is the only type of rock that can contains fossils.

a)

sedimentary rocks

b)

metamorphic rocks

c)

extrusive igneous rocks

d)

intrusive igneous rocks

39.

The diagram below indicates physical changes that accompany the conversion of shale to gneiss. Which geologic process is occurring to cause this conversion?

a)

sedimentary layering

b)

intrusion of magma

c)

metamorphism

d)

weathering

40.

The photograph below shows an igneous rock with mineral crystals ranging in size from 2 to 6 millimeters. The rock is composed of 58% plagioclase feldspar, 26% amphibole, and 16% biotite. What is the name of this rock?

a)

diorite

b)

gabbro

c)

andesite

d)

pumice

41.

Which processes lead directly to the formation of igneous rock?

a)

weathering and erosion

b)

compaction and cementation

c)

heat and pressure

d)

melting and solidification

42.

Particles of sediment collected from a lake bottom averaged 1.2 centimeters in diameter. If left on the lake bottom to become buried by more sediment and compressed into rock, these particles would form

a)

sandstone

b)

conglomerate

c)

quartzite

d)

granite

43.

Which home-building material is made mostly from the mineral gypsum?

a)

plastic pipes

b)

window glass

c)

drywall panels

d)

iron nails

44.

Which two rocks are composed primarily of quartz, feldspar, and clay minerals?

a)

rock salt and conglomerate

b)

rock salt and breccia

c)

sandstone and shale

d)

sandstone and limestone

45.

The luster of this mineral could be determined by

a)

using an electronic balance

b)

using a graduated cylinder

c)

observing how light reflects from the surface of the mineral

d)

observing what happens when acid is placed on the mineral

46.

The photograph below shows a broken piece of the mineral calcite. The calcite breaks in smooth, flat surfaces because calcite

a)

is very dense

b)

is very soft

c)

contains certain impurities

d)

has a regular arrangement of atoms

47.

The diagram below represents a sample of mineral A. Mineral A is most likely

a)

garnet

b)

galena

c)

olivine

d)

halite

48.

Which two properties are most useful in distinguishing between galena and halite?

a)

cleavage and color

b)

luster and color

c)

hardness and streak

d)

streak and cleavage

49.

Most of the sediment that is compacted and later forms shale bedrock is

a)

clay

b)

silt

c)

sand

d)

pebbles

50.
Metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bands are called...
a)
Foliated
b)
Nonfoliated
51.
Which texture best describes the rock above?
a)
porphyritic 
b)
nonfoliated
c)
foliated
d)
clastic
52.
__________  metamorphic rocks have mineral grains that are not arranged in distinct bands.
a)
Conglomerate
b)
Non-foliated
c)
Foliated
d)
Permeated
53.
What are the two main types of metamorphic rocks and how are they different?
a)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed inside the earth and extrusive rocks are formed on the surface
b)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do have visible bands/layers
c)
intrusive and extrusive; intrusive rocks are formed on the earth's surface and extrusive rocks are formed in the Earth
d)
foliated and nonfoliated; foliated rocks have visible bands/layers and nonfoliated rocks do not have visible bands/layers
54.
Name this rock.
a)
lithographic limestone
b)
breccia
c)
coal
d)
conglomerate
55.
Coarse or Fine?
a)
coarse
b)
fine
56.

What type of rock is shown in the picture above?

a)

intrusive igneous

b)

detrital sedimentary

c)

foliated metamorphic

d)

nonfoliated metamorphic

57.

The crystal shape and type of cleavage of these two minerals are determined mainly by the minerals’

a)

color and type of luster

b)

streak and hardness

c)

composition and atomic arrangement

d)

density and magnetism

58.

Which rock is classified as an evaporite?

a)

clastic shale

b)

foliated phyllite

c)

nonfoliated marble

d)

crystalline rock salt

59.

If a metamorphic rock bubbles when a drop of acid is placed on its surface, the rock is most likely

a)

schist

b)

slate

c)

marble

d)

quartzite

60.

Which table correctly matches rock textures with a sedimentary rock that exhibits each texture?

a)
b)
c)
d)
61.

What are the rock name and map symbol used to represent the sedimentary rock that has a grain size of 0.006 to 0.2 centimeters?

a)
b)
c)
d)
62.

The photograph shows an igneous rock with mineral crystals ranging in size from 2 to 6 millimeters. The rock is composed of 58% plagioclase feldspar, 26% amphibole, and 16% biotite. What is the name of this rock?

a)

diorite

b)

gabbro

c)

andesite

d)

pumice