The following are consequences of antibiotic resistance:

a.Therapeutic failure

b.Use of newer costly agents

c.Both

d.Neither

Mechanism by which there are exchange of genetic information among bacteria:

a.Conjugation

b.Transposition

c.Both

d.Neither

Bacterial resistance to aminoglycosides occurs and results from EXCEPT:

a.Enzymatic modification of drug

b.Inadequate transport within the cell

c.Plasmid transfer

d.Altered ribosomes

Isoniazid is first acetylated in:

a.Phase I reaction

b.Phase II reaction

c.Both

d.Neither

The following substances may increase the half life of penicillin EXCEPT:

a.Procaine

b.Benzathine

c.Probenecid

d.Cilastatin

Peripheral neuropathy may be seen as an adverse effect of:

a.Isoniazid

b.Linezolid

c.Both

d.Neither

This can be used topically in burn patient:

a.Silver sulfadiazine

b.Sulfacetamide

c.Both

d.Neither

Sulfadoxine in combination with _______ is used in the treatment of malaria:

a.Trimethoprim

b.Pyrimethamine

c.Both

d.Neither

Tetracyclines enters the cytoplasm of gram-positive bacteria by:

a.Energy dependent process

b.Diffusion through the porins

c.Both

d.Neither

Chloramphenicol is:

a.Bacteriostatic

b.Bactericidal

c.Both

d.Neither

Rifampicin:

a.Inhibit cytochrome P450

b.Bacteriostatic

c.Induction of cytochrome P450

d.Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase of mycobacteria

The following drugs are used in the treatment of leprosy:

a.Rifampicin

b.Dapsone

c.Both

d.Neither

Amphotericin B:

a.Water soluble

b.Lipophobic in structure

c.Both

d.Neither

The following anti viral agents act by inhibiting viral DNA and RNA Synthesis:

a.Ganciclovir

b.Rimantadine

c.Enfuvirtide

d.Amantadine

15% of currently available drugs are substrates for these isoenzymes:

a.CYP 2C1/19

b.CYP 2D6

c.CYP 3D

d.CYP3A4

Antiviral agent act by EXCEPT:

a.Interruption of viral coating

b.Interfere with cell binding

c.Interfere with viral nucleic synthesis

d.Stimulation of the host immune system

Aminoglycoside:

a.Gray Baby Syndrome

b.Abnormalities of cartilage

c.Eight nerve damage

d.Limb Abnormalities

Chloramphenicol:

a.Limb Abnormalities

b.Abnormalities of cartilage

c.Eight nerve damage

d.Gray Baby Syndrome

Erythromycin Estolate

a.Gray Baby Syndrome

b.Cholestatic Jaundice

c.Hemolysis in G6PD

d.Hemolytic Anemia

Tetracycline;

a.Eight nerve damage

b.Abnormalities of cartilage

c.Limb Abnormalities

d.Gray Baby Syndrome

Quinolone;

a.Limb Abnormalities

b.Eight nerve damage

c.Abnormalities of cartilage

d.Hemolysis in G6PD

Trimetoprim;

a.Altered Folate Metabolism

b.Eight nerve damage

c.Abnormalities of cartilage

d.Limb Abnormalities

Sulfonamides;

a.Limb Abnormalities

b.Hemolysis in G6PD

c.Altered Folate Metabolism

d.Gray Baby Syndrome

Readily enters CSF:

a.Chloramphenicol

b.Metronidazole

c.Both

d.Neither

Enters CSF when inflammation is present

a.Ceftriaxone

b.Ceftazidime

c.Both

d.Neither

Consequences of increased drug metabolism include:

a.Increased plasma drug concentration

b.Increased drug activity if metabolite is inactive

c.Increased therapeutic drug effect

d.None of the above

Do not enter CSF adequately to treat infection

a.Oxacillin

b.Ampicillin

c.Tetracycline

d.Piperacillin

Readily enters CSF

a.Trimetoprim

b.Cefazolin

c.Cefoxitin

d.Gentamycin

Enters CSF when inflammation is present

a.Ceftazidime

b.Piperacillin

c.Both

d.Neither

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

a.Macrolides

b.Tetracyclines

c.Both

d.Neither

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

a.Penicillin

b.Aminopenicillin

c.Both

d.Neither

Blocks Bacterial DNA gyrase

a.Quinolone

b.Doxycycline

c.Azithromycin

d.ketolides

Sequential Blockade to Folic Acid Synthesis

a.Oxazolidinone

b.Streptogramins

c.Ketolides

d.Sulfonamides

Combines with 30S and 50S ribosomal units

a.Aminoglycoside

b.Nitroimidazole

c.Both

d.Neither

Binds to 30S ribosomal subunit

a.Tetracyclines

b.Doxycyclines

c.Both

d.Neither

Damage and inactivate bacterial DNA

a.Nitroimidazole

b.Cephalosporins

c.Both

d.Neither

Inhibition of drug metabolism will lead to:

a.Increase in therapeutic effects of the drug

b.Decrease in the toxic effect of the drug

c.Both

d.Neither

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

a.Cephalosporins

b.Cefuroxime

c.Both

d.Neither

The following are important excretory functions of the kidneys:

a.Glomerular Filtration

b.Passive Tubular secretion

c.Both

d.Neither