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Heredity Test Review

Total questions: 62

Worksheet time: 2hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Heredity is the passing of traits from ______ to ______

a)

predators to prey

b)

water to rain

c)

parents to offspring

d)

fungi to protists

2.

__________ is the study of how traits are passed on or inherited.

a)

dominant traits

b)

ratio

c)

phenotype

d)

genetics

3.

If a child has red hair, they inherited a certain ____ from their parents.

a)

ratio

b)

trait

c)

probability

d)

chromosome

4.

You get your genes from:

a)

Uncle

b)

Aunt

c)

Parents

d)

Siblings

5.

Segments of DNA found in chromosomes that give instructions for producing a certain characteristic.

a)

heredity

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

genotype

6.

Different versions of a gene

a)

heredity

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

chromosome

7.

Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?

a)

In order for genetic information to be transferred to daughter cells.

b)

In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.

c)

In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.

d)

In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.

8.

After mitosis and cytokinesis, one cell becomes...

a)

four identical cells

b)

two genetically different cells

c)

two genetically identical cells

d)

four genetically different cells

9.

Crossing Over increases:

a)

life span

b)

genetic variation

c)

the number of offspring

d)

all are true

10.

Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?

a)

mitosis, gametes

b)

mitosis, body cells

c)

meiosis, gametes

d)

meiosis, body cells

11.

What letters in the diagram correspond to cells that are haploid?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

A and B

12.

Compared to the number of chromosomes contained in a body cell, how many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete?

a)

The same number

b)

one-fourth as many

c)

twice as many

d)

half as many

13.

Crossing over helps promote

a)

genetic variation

b)

DNA replication

14.

Females have ___ and males have ___ chromosomes.

a)

XX, XY

b)

XY, XX

c)

XX, XX

d)

XY, XY

15.

How many daughter cells are produced at the end of mitosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

16.

A human usually has ___ chromosomes in their body cells.

a)

6

b)

23

c)

4

d)

46

17.

How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

18.

How many chromosomes are in the new cells after meiosis?

a)

23

b)

46

19.

This diagram shows a stage of meiosis that increase genetic variation, what is this image showing?

a)

crossing over/ recombination

b)

mutation

c)

fertilization

d)

hybridization

20.

According to this diagram, birds are LEAST related to:

a)

amphibians

b)

sharks

c)

ray finned fish

d)

crocodiles

21.

All the animals to the right of the amphibians would have the common characteristic of

a)

Hair

b)

Amniotic Egg

c)

Eggs with shells

22.

What trait separates a shark from ray finned fish?

a)

Vertebrae

b)

Bony Skeleton

c)

Four Limbs

d)

None

23.

Which layer contains the oldest fossil?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

24.

Most fossils form when organisms that die become buried in sediments.

a)

True

b)

False

25.

In what way can scientists determine the age of fossils?

a)

relative dating

b)

absolute dating

c)

all of the above

26.

In layers of sedimentary rock, the _________ layer is usually at the bottom. Each higher layer is _________ than the layers below it.

a)

oldest, younger

b)

youngest, older

c)

youngest, younger

d)

oldest, older

27.

In what kind of rock do we usually find a fossil?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

28.

DNA has a ______ structure

a)

single strand

b)

ring

c)

chain

d)

double helix

29.

DNA holds the code for making

a)

lipids

b)

crabohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

sugars

30.

The mRNA leaves the ____ and brings messages to the ribosome.

a)

cell

b)

nucleotide

c)

nucleus

31.

The main function of tRNA is to ...

a)

carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins

b)

form a portion of ribosomes

c)

bring nucleic acids to build new DNA strands

d)

bring amino acids to the ribosomes to form proteins

32.

What part of protein synthesis does the diagram represent?

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

RNA

33.

DNA travels outside of the nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries a copy of the DNA code.

a)

true

b)

false

35.

Where do cells get the information to make proteins?

a)

RNA

b)

DNA

c)

phosphate group

36.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

37.

What organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

38.

When these bond together, they form a protein.

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

39.

The process to go from DNA to mRNA is ____.

a)

translation

b)

transcription

c)

replication

40.

The process to go from mRNA to protein is called ____.

a)

transcription

b)

rRNA

c)

replication

d)

translation

41.

Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?

a)

YES!

b)

NO!

42.

What processes are involved in protein synthesis?

a)

Replication and transcription

b)

replication and translation

c)

transcription and translation

43.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

44.

order of replication

a)

3 4 2 1

b)

3 1 4 2

c)

2 1 4 3

d)

3 4 1 2

45.

Why does DNA replicate?

a)

To create another copy for the new cell

b)

To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged

c)

To create a new copy to replace the damaged original

46.

DNA will condense and be organized into...

a)

Centromeres

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Nuclei

d)

Spindle Fibers

47.

The disc/circle shaped protein that DNA wraps itself around is called ...

a)

histone

b)

nucleosome

c)

chromatin

d)

gene

48.

Chromosomes contain genetic information in the form of

a)

DNA

b)

histone

c)

centromere

d)

karyotypes

49.

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual

a)

autosomes

b)

sex chromosomes

c)

gametes

d)

chromatids

50.

How many PAIRS of chromosomes determine the sex of an individual

a)

22

b)

23

c)

46

d)

1

51.

The different forms of a gene

a)

alleles

b)

atoms

c)

proteins

d)

cells

52.

Chromosomes are found in the ____ of the cell.

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Mitochondria

53.

Chromosomes are ...

a)

Found in the mitochondria

b)

Also known as sex cells

c)

Long strands of DNA bundled up with histone proteins

d)

Long strands of DNA that contain only one gene each

54.

The genetic difference between individuals in the same species is

a)

Interesting

b)

Harmful

c)

Variation

d)

Genetics

55.

Why can some people roll their tongues and others can't?

a)

Rolling your tongue is an instinct

b)

Rolling your tongue is an inherited trait

c)

Rolling your tongue is an acquired trait

d)

Rolling your tongue is a learned behavior

56.

The process by which a cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells is called...

a)

interphase

b)

meiosis

c)

cell divison

d)

mitosis

57.

After mitosis, cells are genetically _____, but after meiosis, cells are genetically _____.

a)

different, identical

b)

identical, different

58.

DNA codes for ...

a)

bases

b)

amino acids

c)

proteins

d)

phosphates

59.

What statement is true about RNA?

a)

RNA is usually single-stranded and contains the base Uracil (U)

b)

RNA is usually double stranded and contains the base thymine (T)

c)

RNA is made in the nucleus and stays there to carry out its function

d)

All of the above are true.

60.

How does a DNA molecule contain information?

a)

The sequence of nucleotides is a code for how to build other molecules

b)

The shape of DNA determines what proteins are made

c)

This is one of life's greatest mysteries

d)

Scientists assume it has something to do with the histone proteins

61.

DNA contains 4 different type of bases that link up in the middle "at the rungs of the ladder." What letters represent these bases?

a)

A, T, G, C

b)

A, U, G, C

c)

T, U, G, C

d)

U, A, T, G

62.

RNA contains 4 different type of bases. What letters represent these bases?

a)

A, T, G, C

b)

A, U, G, C

c)

T, U, G, C

d)

U, A, T, G

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