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Earth Space Honors CFE Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Mrs. Brownlee wants to see if studying time affects test scores...She gives all 6 classes the same assignment but assigns different study times. What is the dependent variable?

a)

Study time

b)

Test Score

c)

Same Assignment

2.
A student wants to test the hypothesis of "If salt is added to water then the boiling point of water will decrease." What is the independent variable?
a)
Amount of salt
b)
Boiling Point
c)
Amount of water
3.

If plants are exposed to sunlight, then they will grow taller.

What part of the scientific method is this an example of?

a)

Procedure

b)

Hypothesis

c)

Question

d)

Results

4.
The independent variable is the ONE thing you _____.
a)
change on purpose
b)
control or keep constant
c)
measure
5.

What is the dependent variable?

a)

what we are changing or testing

b)

what we are observing or measuring

c)

what we are keeping the same to make the experiment fair

6.

Most scientists believe the Big Bang Theory explains which of the following questions?

a)

How our planets and moons formed

b)

How our universe began

c)

How the sun turns hydrogen into helium

d)

How fast light travels through space

7.

Which statement is true?

a)

The galaxies are moving toward us.

b)

The galaxies are moving away from us.

c)

The universe remains static or unchanged in motion.

d)

None of the above

8.
How old do scientists think the Universe is?
a)
13.8 billion years old
b)
4.5 billion years old
c)
24,000 years old
d)
5 years old
9.

Where is the center of the universe located?

a)

There is no center of the universe.

b)

At the center of the Milky Way galaxy.

c)

14.5 billion light years away from Earth.

d)

In a large singularity near the Andromeda Galaxy.

10.

As galaxies move away from our galaxy

a shift on the electromagnetic spectrum is noticed. This phenomena is

called _____________.

a)

redshift

b)

blueshift

11.
What is true about these stars?
a)
Both of these stars are moving away from us.
b)
Both of these stars are moving towards us.
c)
Both of these stars are blueshifted.
d)
The star Sirius is closer to us.
12.
The change in wavelength of light or sound that is due to the relative motion of the source towards or away from an observer.
a)
Radar Effect
b)
Doppler Effect
c)
Light Effect
d)
Reflection
13.
Stars can take different paths due to having different _____________
a)
temperature
b)
mass
c)
brightness
d)
color
14.
After the main sequence, a low mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
15.
After the main sequence, a high mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
16.
After a supergiant, a high mass star explodes and forms a
a)
supernova
b)
red giant
c)
black hole
d)
planetary nebula
17.
A high mass star can end as this stage, which is so dense that not even light can escape!
a)
black dwarf
b)
white dwarf
c)
supernova
d)
black hole
18.
When a nebula heats up, a "baby" star forms in the middle. It is called a
a)
supernova
b)
supergiant
c)
white dwarf
d)
protostar
19.

Our sun is known as a middle-aged, stable star. Also known as a ____________________.

a)

Gas Giant

b)

Nebula

c)

Pulsar

d)

Main Sequence Star

20.
What is the correct order for the life cycle of our star the sun?
a)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, black dwarf, white dwarf,
b)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf
c)
nebula, fusion stage, super red giant, black dwarf, white dwarf,
d)
nebula, fusion stage, red giant, super nova, black hole
21.

In some areas of the world, like California and Japan, earthquakes are a common occurrence. How can this best be explained?

a)

The strong ocean currents are undermining both areas causing earthquakes.

b)

Both areas are located near the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the unstable sand causes earthquakes.

c)

Both areas are subjected to strong ocean wind and waves that causes earthquakes.

d)

Both areas are on the boundary of active plates, the motion of the plates causes earthquakes.

22.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

23.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

24.

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a shift in two plates that pushed one section of the sea floor under another section of the sea floor by 5 meters. What type of boundary is this?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

d)

metamorphic

25.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Convergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
26.

Below is a picture of sea-floor spreading. How are the ocean crusts moving?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Sliding

d)

No movement

27.
What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of oceanic crust?
a)
Rift Valley
b)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
c)
Island Arc
d)
Flat land
28.

As a part of the water cycle, water from Earth's surface enters the clouds and finally falls back to the ground in the form of rain. What is the correct sequence of processes water undergoes?

a)

Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation

b)

Precipitation, Condensation, Evaporation

c)

Condensation, Evaporation, Precipitation

d)

Evaporation, Precipitation, Condensation

29.

What would happen if the Sun is removed from the water cycle?

a)

The water cycle would not include precipitation but would continue with groundwater flow.

b)

The water cycle would no longer occur because the Sun provides the energy for evaporation and transpiration.

c)

The water cycle would no longer occur because the Sun provides energy for the formation of clouds.

d)

The water cycle would not include evaporation and transpiration but would continue with condensation.

30.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
31.
Carbon can be found in...
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Soil
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above
32.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
33.
Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____. 
a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
34.

This Image represents...

a)

Downwelling

b)

Upwelling

c)

Thermohaline circulation

d)

Rip Current

35.
What is represented at point 2?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
36.
Deep Ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
37.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

38.

The more scientific name of the Global Conveyor Belt is _____.

a)

halinethermal circulation

b)

thermohaline circulation

c)

thermodensity circulation

39.
As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.
a)
True
b)
False
40.
The large, circular surface-current pattern found in each ocean.
a)
California Current
b)
Surface Current
c)
Gyre
d)
Global Conveyor Belt
41.
What do ocean currents move around the world?
a)
Gases
b)
Nutrients
c)
Heat Energy
d)
All of these
42.
What is represented at point 3?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
43.

Which 2 spheres interact when a tree is blown down by wind?

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

cryosphere

d)

geosphere

e)

hydrosphere

44.

Which 2 spheres interact when hail damages a crop?

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

cryosphere

d)

geosphere

e)

hydrosphere

45.

Which 2 spheres interact when air next to the ground becomes warm?

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

cryosphere

d)

geosphere

e)

hydrosphere

46.

Which 2 spheres interact when a volcano erupts, causing dust and ash particles to be ejected into the air, blocking the sun?

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

cryosphere

d)

geosphere

e)

hydrosphere

47.
Because the earth is spinning on its axis, the global winds appear to curve. This is known as the __________ ________.
a)
Coriolis Effect
b)
Greenhouse Effect
c)
Climate Effect
d)
Atmosphere Effect
48.
The amount of water vapor present in the air is called ________________.
a)
weather
b)
humidity
c)
air mass
d)
dew point
49.
Warm air rises because it is __________ dense then cold air.
a)
More
b)
Less
50.
What type of breeze is created when the land is warmer than the ocean?
a)
Seabreeze
b)
Landbreeze
51.
The layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs is the _.
a)
thermosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
troposphere
52.

An air mass is a large mass of air that is defined by its temperature and ____________________.

a)

Elevation (altitude)

b)

Water vapor content (humidity)

c)

Strength

d)

Weather

53.
What does symbol # 3 mean?
a)
stationary front
b)
occluded front
c)
warm front
d)
cold front
54.
What symbol is this?
a)
warm front
b)
cold front
c)
stationary front
d)
occluded front
55.
Which system results in rainy or stormy weather?
a)
high pressure
b)
low pressure
c)
hurricane
d)
weather system
56.
Which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum includes the range of light that can be detected by the human eye? 
a)
ultraviolet light
b)
visible light
c)
infrared light
d)
x-rays
57.
If the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is longer, what is true about the energy? 
a)
Energy is higher.
b)
Energy is lower. 
c)
Energy is not dependent on wavelength. 
d)
energy is cancelled out
58.
Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has high enough energy to cause damage to eyes and skin, and sometimes even cancer? 
a)
infrared light
b)
visible light
c)
ultraviolet light
d)
microwaves
59.
Which of the following electromagnetic waves is given off as heat? 
a)
ultraviolet light
b)
x-rays
c)
gamma rays
d)
infrared rays
60.
A wave with a large wavelength will have a ______ frequency and _____ energy
a)
high, low
b)
high, high
c)
low, high
d)
low, low
61.
The type of wave with the shortest wavelength and highest frequency.  This type of wave is extremely harmful.
a)
radio
b)
infrared
c)
gamma
d)
x ray
62.

An astronomical unit is...

a)

The average distance between the Earth and the Sun

b)

The average distance between the Sun and Neptune

c)

The diameter of the sun

d)

The time it takes light to travel across our solar system

63.

Astronomical units are used for

a)

Distances within a solar system

b)

Distances between solar systems

c)

Distances within galaxies

d)

Distances between galaxies

64.

A light year is approximately.....

a)

59,987,812 kilometers

b)

8,522,846,507 kilometers

c)

9,460,730,472,581 kilometres

d)

377,160,825,209,412,592 kilometers

65.

_____________ would be the best to use to measure the distance between galaxies

a)

Astronomical units

b)

Light seconds

c)

Light years

d)

Parsecs

66.

_______________ would be the best unit to use to measure the distance between the asteroid belt and Pluto

a)

Astronomical units

b)

Light seconds

c)

Light years

d)

Parsecs

67.

_______________ would be the best unit to use to measure the distance between the our sun and Proxima Centauri (our nearest star neighbor).

a)

Astronomical units

b)

Light seconds

c)

Light years

68.

What types of telescopes have to be placed in space? (Choose all that apply)

a)

X-ray Telescopes

b)

Gamma ray Telescopes

c)

Infrared Telescopes

d)

Radio Telescopes

69.

Who is famous for inventing the telescope (even though he didn't really invent it)?

a)

Galileo

b)

James Webb

c)

Newton

d)

Hubble

70.

The main advantage of using orbital observatories like the Hubble Space Telescope is that __________.

a)

they are easier to use than land-based telescopes.

b)

they are cheaper to build than land-based telescopes.

c)

they can look anywhere in the universe at any time.

d)

they avoid the distortion and absorption of electromagnetic waves by the atmosphere.

71.
Hot coffee is stirred with a spoon; the spoon gets hot due to
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
72.
Near the ceiling of a room the air is warmer; the warm air rises because of
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
73.
Warm air rises and the cool air sinks demonstrates this type of heat transfer. 
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
Insolation 
74.
Carole owns a two story house with a heating and cooling unit on each floor. In the winter she mostly uses the downstairs unit because the volume of warm air __________ and __________ warming the whole house through __________.
a)
expands, rises, convection
b)
expands, sinks, conduction
c)
contracts, rises, conversion
d)
contracts, sinks, contraption
75.
Molecules in cold things move more _________
than in hot things.
a)
quickly
b)
slowly
c)
happily
d)
merrily
76.
In heat transfer, heat always flows from the _______________ substance to the _______________ substance.
a)
Hotter to colder
b)
Colder to hotter
c)
Hotter to hotter
d)
Colder to colder
77.
Select the temperature in °F
a)
90°F
b)
100°F
c)
40°F
d)
30°F
78.

This landform is formed by

a)

water erosion

b)

wind erosion

c)

deposition

d)

glaciers

79.

What is this landform?

a)

delta

b)

canyon

c)

valley

d)

sand dune

80.

This landform is formed by

a)

water erosion

b)

weathering

c)

deposition of sediments

d)

glaciers

81.

Hills formed by wind blowing, moving and depositing sand.

a)

Valley

b)

Dune

c)

Delta

d)

Canyon

82.

The build up of land by the settlement of sediments and soil in a new location.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

River

83.

The movement of sediment down a fast-moving river.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

River

84.
Land surrounded by water on three sides is a...
a)
mountain
b)
island
c)
lake
d)
peninsula
85.

Floods and storm surges can erode the land. Which landform can protect inland areas from floods and storm surges?

a)

deltas

b)

dunes

c)

plateaus

d)

rivers

86.

The Appalachian Mountains are believed to have been as high as the Himalayas at one time. Which two processes are responsible for the fact that they are now much smaller?

a)

A. deposition and tectonics

b)

B. cementation and tectonics

c)

C. weathering and deposition

d)

D. weathering and erosion

87.

One type of lake that can be found in Florida is perfectly round in shape. These lakes are formed when the acid in groundwater dissolves limestone underground, forming a cave. Eventually, the cave roof weakens and collapses, and then the cave fills with water. Which of the following is this type of landform called?

a)

an oxbow lake

b)

an volcanic lake

c)

a glacial lake

d)

a sinkhole lake

88.

Most cities in Florida depend on water stored underground in a water-bearing rock layer called

a)

an aquifer

b)

a cavern

c)

a sinkhole

d)

a wetland

89.

Which is TRUE of Florida's topography?

a)

It has a great deal of relief.

b)

It has many locations with high elevations.

c)

It has many plateaus, mountains and steep valleys

d)

It has many areas with elevations 50 feet or less above sea level.

90.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
91.
The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?
a)
lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
b)
lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
c)
higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
d)
higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
92.

Through food chains, the carbon that is in plants moves to the animals that eat them. When an animal eats another animal, carbon is ___________________.

a)

released

b)

transferred

c)

dissolved

d)

gone

93.
Carbon can be found in...
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Soil
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above
94.

Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____ to make energy. 

a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
95.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
96.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)

CO2 +light+H2O --> O2 + glucose

b)

CO2 + glucose + H2O --> O2 + light

c)

O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Glucosg

d)

CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ glucose

97.

Evaporation is a state change from?

a)

Ice to liquid.

b)

Liquid to gas.

c)

Gas to solid.

d)

Crystals to water.

98.

The __________ is all the water on the surface of the Earth, underground, and in the atmosphere.

a)

Hydrosphere

b)

Asthenosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Atmosphere

99.

Earth is divided into four different spheres. Which statement is true about the interaction between two of these spheres?

a)

Weather is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere.

b)

A plant receiving water from precipitation is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.

c)

An ice cap providing shelter for an arctic animal is an interaction between the biosphere and the hydrosphere.

d)

The formation of the Grand Canyon is an example of an interaction between the geosphere and the atmosphere.

100.

What is the atmosphere's function?

a)

a recycling planet powered by the flow of solar energy to support a network of life.

b)

sustains various life forms and plays an important role in ecosystems and regulating heat on earth.

c)

sustains life forms on the surface of the earth, absorbs and interacts with harmful solar rays.It protects the earth from natural and human-caused space debris.

d)

controls the distribution of minerals, rocks and soils and generates natural hazards that shape the land and impact humans

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