Which statement best describes stars?

Felix examined several photos of stars. To compare their temperatures, he looked at the colors of the stars. He organized the photos in order from coolest to hottest. Which of these answers shows the correct order?

Which of the following statements best relates a star’s color to its surface temperature?

Based on evidence in the table, which star would appear the dimmest from Earth’s surface?

A scientist discovers a new star. It is blue-white and is about 20,000 K. Which star is it most similar to?

Absolute magnitude is defined as…

About 90 percent of the stars in the universe, including the sun, are main sequence stars. What do all main sequence stars have in common?

Which of the following correctly ranks astronomical objects by size, starting with the smallest?

On an HR diagram, stars at the same temperature are found...

White dwarfs stars are

Stars are made of mostly which two gases?

A star is born in a cloud of gas and dust called a __________.

Stars give off heat and light in a process called ___________.

Region of strong magnetic activity on the Sun marked by a dark color.

Sudden increases in brightness on the Sun.

Clouds of gas that make loops extending into the corona of the Sun.

Outermost layer of the Sun's atmosphere.

The apparent surface of a star.

A large ball of gas held together by gravity with a core so hot that nuclear fusion occurs.

The inner planets characterized by their rocky surfaces.

The outer planets characterized by their thick atmospheres, low densities, and abundance of moons.

An object that orbits the Sun, has enough mass and gravity to form a sphere, and has objects similar in mass orbiting near it or crossing its orbital path.

A star and a group of objects orbiting around it.

All existing matter and space.

A space with no matter in it.

Darkest part of a shadow.

Caused by the pull of the Moon's gravity

When an object is orbiting another object.

When an object spins on an axis.

The shape of planetary orbits in our solar system.

Process that occurs when the nuclei of several atoms combine into one larger nucleus.

Which can indicate the temperature of a star?

The study of outer space.

Which is the correct order of the inner planets?

Which is the correct order of the outer planets?

The true brightness of an object.

A small, rocky object that orbits the Sun.

The average distance from Earth to the Sun - about 150 million km.

Point around which a large body spins.

A small, rocky, icy object that orbits the Sun.

Celestial event that occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Earth and the Sun.

Celestial event that occurs when the Moon moves into Earth's shadow.

A huge collection of stars, gas, and dust.

Force that hold planets in orbit and causes their rotation.

Unit of measurement used outside the solar system; the distance light travels in one year.

An object orbiting a planet.

Changes in the appearance of the Moon dependent on its orbit around Earth.

Changes in Earth's weather based on it's revolution around the Sun.

A cloud of gas and dust.

An object that orbits another object.

The amount of matter in an object.

The gravitational pull on an object.

The sun is much larger than the moon. However, as viewed from Earth, the sun and moon appear to be the same size. Which reasoning explains why the sun and moon appear to be the same size when viewed from Earth?

Gloria is at the observatory and is examining a newly discovered star through a powerful telescope. She wants to find out how bright the star actually is. What information does she need to calculate the absolute magnitude of a star?

Which term describes this group of stars?

An astronomer uses a telescope to observe a star. She observes that the color of this star is similar to the color of the sun. Therefore, she infers that the sar and the sun have similar sizes and surface temperatures. Using this information, what can the astronomer conclude about the star?

Our solar system consists of eight planets. Each planet is classified as either a terrestrial planet or a gas giant planet. Which is a difference between these two types of planets?

Linda examined the sizes of several different stars. She listed them in order from smallest to largest. Which of the following stars would Linda list first?

Space exploration has advanced our knowledge of the universe. Which space journey would take the longest?

The diameter of Saturn is nearly ten times that of Earth. However, the density of Saturn is much less than that of Earth. What is the reason for this?

Ashni is a member of the astronomy club. During a trip to an observatory, the members of the astronomy club observe several different stars. Ashni records information about some of the stars in her journal. Of the following four stars, which star should Ashni list as the hottest?

Planets can be classified based on their physical composition. Some planets are small and dense; other planets are large and less dense. Which of the following describes the physical composition of a terrestrial planet?

A galaxy contains stars, gas, and dust. This matter must be held together or the galaxy will break apart. What is responsible for holding the stars, gas, and dust together in a galaxy?

Which of the following is larger than a galaxy?

When we say an object is in orbit, we mean that it is traveling around another object in space. What do planets in a solar system orbit?

Distances between objects in space can be enormous. Which of the following distances is the longest?

Which of the following correctly lists the objects of space in order from largest to smallest?

Which statement accurately describes the sun?

What is dark matter?

Gravity holds galaxies together in clusters

What cluster is the Milky Way a member of ?

What is the main scientific theory about how the universe formed?

Which one is an irregular galaxy?

What is located at the center of our galaxy?

1. Which of the following correctly places these in order from LARGEST to SMALLEST?

A galaxy which is either spherical (ball like) or a flattened disk is a ___ galaxy.

A galaxy which has a nucleus of bright stars and two or more arms in circular formation is called a ___ galaxy.

Type of galaxy that does not have a regular shape?

In which Galaxy is Earth located?

Which type of galaxy is not a major galaxy?

What unit is used to measure distances in space?

The Arctic Circle receives several days each year where the sun is not seen.

What feature of the Sun is found at letter A?

The number of observed sunspots, prominences, and flares increases in a cycle that occurs about every ____ years.

Our Sun is unusual because it does not belong to a(n) ____.

The reason that most solar winds do not disrupt electricity on the Earth is due to the Earth’s ______.

What Sun feature is found at letter B?

The Sun produces energy by fusing hydrogen atoms into helium atoms in the _____.

What are the Sun's layers of atmosphere from lowest to highest layer?

What Sun feature is found at letter C?

When we see the sun out during the day, we are viewing light that is coming from the ___________.

Our Sun is called a yellow dwarf because of its ______________ and ________________.

What layer of the Sun is located at letter D?

This layer of the Sun is only visible during a total solar eclipse.

The surface of the Sun.

Prominences and flares on the Sun are related to sunspots because they are all caused by ____.

Where the color of the Sun comes from.

Which of these common characteristics do only the outer planets share?

Choose the correct order of these celestial objects, from smallest to largest.

Which of these planets is mostly gas?

_____ keeps planets away from the sun, while _____ pulls planets toward the sun.

Proxima Centauri is the next closest star to Earth, after the Sun, and lies 4.22 light years away. This

means that when we go out on a clear night and look up at Proxima Centauri, we are seeing light that

left that star ______.

Copernicus thought the orbits of the planets were circular, but __________ showed them to be elliptical.

Later work by ______ resulted in the development of the _________ model of the solar system, marking

the beginning of modern astronomy.

All of the known dwarf planets except Ceres orbit in the ___.

If the mass of the Earth suddenly and magically increased by 50%, what would happen to the Moon’s orbit?

The ____ of two objects and the distances between them determine the gravitational attraction between the objects.

The inner planets are ____ and have ____ surfaces.

In the table below are some of the steps in the formation of a new star and solar system. Choose the correct order of steps from the four choices below, with 1 representing the first step, and 5 the last step.

All of the outer planets have many ____, which range in number from 13 to more than 60.

All of the gas giants’ atmospheres are made up primarily of helium and ____.

When a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere, it produces a streak of light called a(n) _____.