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Long Semester 2 review

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 2hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following accommodations on the space station is used by astronauts to combat the effects of microgravity on their bones?

a)

Special handles

b)

Velcro® straps

c)

Exercise equipment

d)

Oxygen system

2.

Astronauts wear thick gloves when they perform a space walk outside the space station. The gloves provide protection against -

a)

low gravity.

b)

nearby comets.

c)

low oxygen.

d)

low temperatures.

3.

Spacesuits have layers that have high capacity for thermal insulation in order to -

a)

regulate body temperature in the extremes of space.

b)

prevent the spread of bacteria which thrive in space.

c)

allow communication with the space station.

d)

prevent the astronaut from sweating inside the suit.

4.

An astronaut is trying to move from one area of the space shuttle to another. What accommodations does this astronaut need?

a)

velcro boots

b)

spacesuit

c)

handle bars

d)

oxygen

5.

Is necessary for life as we know it.

a)

distance from the sun

b)

magnetic field

c)

atmosphere

d)

water

6.

Affects temperature of a planet.

a)

distance from the sun

b)

magnetic field

c)

atmosphere

d)

water

7.

Earth's atmosphere is mostly made up of the gases _____ and _____.

a)

water and ice

b)

atmosphere and ozone layer

c)

oxygen and nitrogen

d)

oxygen and water

8.

The living quarters and equipment used to protect astronauts while in space

a)

space station

b)

space suit

c)

accommodations

d)

instruments

9.

The protective gear that protects astronauts from the cold, airless environment of space.

a)

space station

b)

space suit

c)

accommodations

d)

instruments

10.

A man-made laboratory that is placed in space for research.

a)

space station

b)

space suit

c)

accommodations

d)

instruments

11.

How does the food chain start?

a)

Plant life uses energy from the sun to make food.

b)

Insects like grasshoppers eat plant life.

c)

Animals like rats eat insects.

d)

Humans eat large animals and plant life.

12.

What do we call an animal that gets eaten in a food chain?

a)

prey

b)

predator

c)

producer

d)

consumer

13.

Which of the following are producers?

a)

plants

b)

humans

c)

snakes

d)

birds

14.

What is the role of decomposers in the food chain?

a)

to consume plants and animals

b)

to produce food using energy from the sun

c)

to eat decaying matter and return nutrients to the soil

d)

to hunt prey

15.

Seals eat fish. What would happen to the seal population if almost all of the fish died?

a)

The population would grow.

b)

The population would shrink.

16.

Lions eat zebras. What would happen to the zebra population if all the lions died?

a)

The population would grow.

b)

The population would shrink.

17.

How do consumers get energy to live?

a)

They make their own food from the soil.

b)

They break down decaying matter.

c)

They make their own food from the sun.

d)

They eat other plants and animals.

18.

Food webs are INTERCONNECTED FOOD CHAINS.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

The ARROWS in food chains and food webs show the TRANSFER OF ENERGY from one organism to the next in an ecosystem.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

Decomposers are FUNGI, BACTERIA, or MOLD that breakdown dead BIOMASS and return NUTRIENTS to the soil to be used by plants.

a)

True

b)

False

21.
True or False. In this energy pyramid, the consumers on each level only get about 10 percent of energy that the trophic level before it has stored.
a)
True
b)
False
22.
A pyramid shape is used to show the amount of available energy at each trophic level because... 
a)
energy decreases as you go up the food chain, just like the pyramid shape gets smaller as you go up. 
b)
energy increases up the food chain just like the pyramid shape gets smaller as you go up. 
c)
energy amounts are the same at each trophic level
23.
If only 10% of an organism's energy is available for the next trophic level, what happens with the other 90% of the energy?
a)
It is destroyed after it is used up.
b)
It is used for life processes or lost as body heat.
c)
It remains for the next trophic level IF the predator consumes ALL of the organism.
d)
It is lost completely as body heat. 
24.
In this energy pyramid, what is the proper name for ANY ORGANISM ABOVE THE PRODUCER LEVEL?
a)
decomposers
b)
consumers
c)
producers
d)
omnivores
25.
Which organism in figure 1 contains the most available energy?
a)
plants
b)
mountain lions
c)
hawks
d)
none of the above
26.
What is the ultimate ORIGINAL source of energy for living things
a)
Sugar
b)
Sun
c)
Moon
d)
Carbon Dioxide
27.
Which trophic level has the greatest amount of energy to use?  
a)
Producers
b)
Primary consumers
c)
Secondary consumers
d)
Tertiary consumers
28.
Makes its own food
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
herbivore
d)
biomass
29.
If there is 1000 Kcal available in the producers in trophic level 1, how much energy is available in the herbivores in trophic level 2?
a)
10 Kcal
b)
1 Kcal
c)
100 Kcal
d)
1000 Kcal
30.
Which best describes what a food chain shows you?
a)
Energy flow through an ecosystem
b)
Food flowing through an ecosystem
c)
Consumers going into other consumers
d)
Who eats who
31.
What is the role of a producer?
a)
Use sunlight to make food
b)
Gain energy from eating other organisms
c)
Keep other species from overpopulating
d)
Breaking down dead stuff 
32.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
33.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
34.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
35.
the first organisms that appear in an ecological community
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
36.
a stable ecological community that has reached equilibrium
a)
ecological succession 
b)
climax community
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
37.
starts with bare rock followed by lichen
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
38.
The picture shows what type of succession?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quadanary
39.
reaches a climax community quicker because soil is already present
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
40.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
41.
Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
old field
d)
ecosystem
42.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
43.

Breaking News! A new island has formed off of Hawaii! What must occur for it to become an ecosystem?

a)

Secondary Succession

b)

Aquatic succession

c)

Primary Succession

d)

Ferns must grow

44.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

45.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
46.

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

47.

Asexual reproduction has

a)

1 parent

b)

2 parents

48.

Which type of asexual reproduction does this picture represent?

a)

binary fission

b)

vegetative propagation

c)

regeneration

d)

budding

49.

Sexual reproduction has

a)

1 parent

b)

2 parents

50.

Asexual reproduction creates offspring that are

a)

genetically identical to the parent

b)

different from the parent

c)

different from each other

d)

formed by 2 parents

51.

Budding, vegetative propagation, regeneration, and binary fission are all types of

a)

sexual reproduction

b)

asexual reproduction

52.

Plants like potatoes and strawberries reproduce by

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

vegetative propagation

d)

budding

53.

The type of asexual reproduction shown in the diagram is called

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

vegetative propagation

d)

budding

54.

The type of asexual reproduction shown in the picture is called

a)

regeneration

b)

binary fission

c)

vegetative propagation

d)

budding

55.

A hydra has 32 chromosomes and reproduces by budding. How many chromosomes does its offspring have?

a)

8

b)

16

c)

32

d)

64

56.

What is it called when the egg and sperm cell join?

a)

zygote

b)

gamete

c)

fertilization

d)

mitosis

57.

An organism that can make its own food

a)

autobot

b)

heterotroph

c)

autotroph

d)

heterobot

58.

An organism that cannot make its own food.

a)

autobot

b)

heterotroph

c)

autotroph

d)

heterobot

59.

The 'outputs' of a chemical reaction. Located on the right side of a chemical equation.

a)

products

b)

produce

c)

consumers

d)

detritis

60.

Location inside of a plant cell where the process of photosynthesis occurs.

a)

nodules

b)

stomata

c)

chloroplasts

d)

chlorophyll

61.

A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms

a)

stevia

b)

fructose

c)

glucose

d)

glycerin

62.

A process plants use to turn sunlight into food: Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy (stored in glucose).

a)

toxoplasmosis

b)

photosynthesis

c)

aqua-synthesis

d)

homeosynthesis

63.

A gas that plants release during photosynthesis

a)

oxygen

b)

methane

c)

propane

d)

carbon dioxide

64.

A gas that plants take in through small holes in their leaves for the process of photosynthesis.

a)

oxygen

b)

methane

c)

propane

d)

carbon dioxide

65.

Taken in by the leaves of the plant to give the chloroplasts energy for food production.

a)

chlorophyll

b)

oxygen

c)

water

d)

sunlight

66.

A product in photosynthesis

a)

CO2

b)

O2

c)

H2O

d)

heat

67.

A reactant in Photosynthesis

a)

PB

b)

NACL

c)

H20

d)

CO2

68.

glucose, also known as sugar

a)

ARETMIS1

b)

fructose

c)

C6H12O6

d)

C3POR2D2

69.

What are the reactants in Photosynthesis?

a)

Sun, CO2, glucose

b)

glucose and oxygen

c)

sun, carbon dioxide, water

d)

water, glucose

70.

Photosynthesis occurs in:

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Humans

d)

Animals

71.

How do humans get glucose so they can live?

a)

breathe it in

b)

photosynthesis

c)

eat food

d)

drink liquids

72.

Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are:

a)

organelles

b)

cells

c)

only in humans

d)

only in plants

73.

For photosynthesis, a plant needs water, sun, and...

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

glucose

d)

mitochondria

74.

Natural Selection is driven by a change in the environment and survival of the

a)

Smartest

b)

Fastest

c)

Most well adapted

d)

Biggest

75.
Where the better adapted organisms survive to pass traits along to offspring.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artifical Selection
76.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
77.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

78.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
79.
These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Variation
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Extinction
80.

Dogs evolved from wolves as an example of....

a)

Selective Breeding

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Mutations

d)

Extinction

81.
What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?
a)
To look different from other species.
b)
To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.
c)
To protect itself against predators.
d)
To protect itself against prey.
82.

What is it called when humans decide which traits of an organism are the most desirable and only allow those organisms with the specific, desired traits to breed.

a)

biological evolution

b)

evolution by natural selection

c)

selective breeding

d)

inbreeding

83.

Natural selection

a)

organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

b)

process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics

84.

Selective breeding

a)

organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring

b)

process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics

85.

"Survival of the fittest" describes which theory

a)

Natural selection

b)

Selective breeding

86.

Which is an example of selective breeding?

a)

A giraffe's long neck.

b)

Clipping a horse's tail so it's not too long.

c)

Training a horse to run faster.

d)

Cross breeding a labrador retriever with a poodle .

87.

The long and sharp beak of a woodpecker is an example of

a)

natural selection

b)

selective breeding

88.

Natural selection is where ___________ decides which traits should be passed on.

a)

nature

b)

a human

c)

traits

d)

evolution

89.

Selective breeding is where _____________ decides which traits should be passed on.

a)

nature

b)

a human

c)

traits

d)

evolution

90.

How can farmers best use selective breeding to increase apple production?

a)

By limiting the number of trees growing so they can have more space.

b)

By choosing trees that are the largest in size.

c)

By increasing the amount of water and fertilizer the trees receive.

d)

By choosing trees that consistently have the most apples.

91.

What definition BEST describes a watershed?

a)

An area where water infiltrates the soil

b)

An area where aquatic plants and animals thrive

c)

An area where snow melts and changes into liquid water

d)

An area that collects precipitation and drains it to the lowest point

92.

Which statement about water pollution is TRUE?

a)

Pollution only affects surface water.

b)

Pollution cannot be dissolved in water.

c)

Pollution affects both surface and groundwater.

d)

Pollution cannot travel through soil to groundwater.

93.

Which of the following models BEST represents how water flows in a watershed?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

94.

A neighborhood in a small Texas town had to be evacuated because the houses were sinking due to a problem in the aquifer. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

a)

Heavy rains caused oversaturation of soil foundations.

b)

Overbuilding in the area polluted the ground water.

c)

Runoff from fertilized land created a dead zone.

d)

Excessive removal of water weakened the ground.

95.

The use of pesticides and fertilizers is carefully monitored because of the effect they can have on the environment. Which of the following is a possible negative effect of the use of these chemical on the environment?

a)

These chemicals are expensive to produce.

b)

Runoff carries these chemicals into lakes and streams.

c)

Storage space for these chemicals is limited.

d)

Theses chemicals cannot be purchased in large bulk.

96.

All water below the surface of land is called__________.

a)

water table

b)

watershed

c)

groundwater

d)

runoff

97.

The process where water or irrigation runs over land and seeps into the ground, or flows into streams or oceans.

a)

water cycle

b)

runoff

c)

precipitation

d)

evaporation

98.

Which of the following best describes water table?

a)

It is in unsaturated zone.

b)

It is a surface water

c)

it is the top of saturation zone.

d)

It is an aquifer.

99.

Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -

a)

loss of habitat due to commercial building.

b)

flooding that causes water levels to rise.

c)

excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff.

d)

clogged river tributaries entering a lake.

100.

Filtering, as in water filtering through rocks and sediments.

a)

porosity

b)

percolation

c)

permeability

d)

condensation

101.

The ability for water to flow through rocks and sediments.

a)

porosity

b)

permeability

c)

percolation

d)

infiltration

102.

The large underground bodies of water containing fresh water used by humans are called:

a)

Aquifers

b)

Runoffs

c)

Ponds

d)

Collections

103.
The water that fills lakes and rivers
a)
groundwater
b)
surface water
c)
water table
d)
saturated zone
104.
An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water?
a)
Reservoir
b)
Aquifer
c)
Groundwater
d)
Watershed
105.
What are sources of water pollution?
a)
Precipitation as Acid rain
b)
Runoff water & Groundwater
c)
Industry & Household waste
d)
All of these
106.
Movement of water with fertilizers or other liquids through soil and gravel could model: 
a)
Condensation of water vapor
b)
Surface runoff of precipitation
c)
Conservation of water
d)
Pollution of groundwater
107.

How do most pollutants get into our watershed?

a)

Factories dump pollution into creeks and rivers

b)

Runoff from heavy rain carries it into creeks and rivers

c)

Oil spills leak into creeks and rivers

108.

Why should we be concerned with runoff water from neighborhood and city streets that goes into storm drains?

a)

It can host alligators and other dangerous animals

b)

It can get into water pipes and flood houses and businesses

c)

It isn't filtered or cleaned and empties directly into creeks

109.

Bacteria is one of the main pollutants of concern in our watershed. What is the source of most pathogenic (harmful) bacteria that gets into our waters?

a)

Animal feces or human sewage

b)

Trash

c)

Fertilizers

110.
Pet owners should pick up pet waste instead of leaving it on the ground. How can this help protect our watershed?
a)

It reduces the bacteria and nutrients that get into our water

b)

It keeps the water from getting muddy

c)

It helps the water smell clean

111.
What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?
a)
to find a common ancestor
b)
to show the evolution of organisms
c)
to show relationships between organisms
d)
to identify organisms
112.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
113.
What step do we always start with when using dichotomous keys?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
114.
When using a dichotomous key to identify organisms, what do we look at?
a)
physical features
b)
weather patterns
c)
environment
d)
diet
115.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
116.

What is the function of hollow bones in birds?

a)

to help the bird fly

b)

to help the bird walk

c)

to help the bird make nests

d)

to protect the birds from predators

117.

Blubber is an example of an internal structure in penguins. What function does the blubber perform for the penguin?

a)

protects the penguin from the hot temperatures

b)

protects the penguin from the freezing temperatures

c)

protects the penguin from predators

d)

the blubber allows the penguin to take awesome naps

118.

Which organism has feathers but does not swim?

a)

Duck

b)

Hen

c)

Lizard

d)

Snake

119.

Which type of organism has fur?

a)

Mammal

b)

Bird

c)

Reptile

d)

Amphibian

120.

Which type of organism has no fur but has feathers?

a)

Mammals

b)

Birds

c)

Reptiles

d)

Amphibians

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