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Unit 8 Evolution Review

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of these is NOT one of the things that Darwin proposed was necessary for evolution to occur?

a)

imperfection

b)

struggle for survival

c)

variation and adaptation

d)

suvival of the fittest

2.

This term describes how well an organism can survive and reproduce in its given environment

a)

strength

b)

adaptability

c)

fitness

d)

aptitude

3.

This is the process by which organisms with variations more suited to their local environment survive and leave more offspring:

a)

artificial selection

b)

selective breeding

c)

common descent

d)

natural selection

4.

These homologous structures are remnants of evolution that are no longer actively being used by the organism that inherits them

a)

fossils

b)

embryos

c)

vestigial structures

d)

unwanted leftovers

5.

This person gets almost all of the credit for developing the theory of evolution:

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Alfred Russel Wallace

c)

Neil Shubin

d)

Jennifer Doudna

6.

This is NOT a piece of evidence that serves to support evolution:

a)

common embryology

b)

homologous genes and structures

c)

vestigial structures

d)

variety of traits

7.

Which of these is a vestigial structure?

a)

flippers on a dolphin

b)

hair on a human

c)

legs on a horse

d)

hip bones in a whale

8.

A category of body structures that are formed in similar ways during embryonic development and share similar patterns of bone structure.

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

d)

Bone structures

9.

What type of structure does this image illustrate?

a)

Analogous structures

b)

Homologous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

10.

For an organism's traits to be naturally selected for, which of these is it most important for it to be able to do?

a)

The organism needs to be able to acquire more food

b)

The organism needs to be able to fight off predators

c)

The organism needs to be able to reproduce

d)

The organism needs to be able to do photosynthesis

11.
What does evolution mean?
a)
To change something
b)
To change and adapt over time
c)
To lose some original features
d)
To improve ssomething over time
12.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
13.
For Darwin, how have animals and plants survived?
a)
Through luck
b)
Through natural selection
c)
Through careful management
d)
Through choice
14.

Speciation

a)

 structures that no longer function/serve a purpose

b)

 The accumulation of differences between species or populations

c)

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs in periods of rapid

    change separated by periods of little change.

d)

The process by which new species form

15.

Which of the following is evidence of a common ancestor?

a)

Vestigial structures

b)

Fossil record

c)

Similarities in the embryo

d)

All of these

16.

Which of the following is one of Charles Darwin’s theories about evolution and natural selection?

a)

The environment in which a species lives is unrelated to natural selection

b)

New species that appear in the fossil record are actually descendants of older species

c)

Natural selection is caused by human intervention 

d)

Changes to an organism occur rapidly

17.

Which of the following statements best describes what the word  'fittest'  means in the phrase "Survival of the fittest". 

a)

The organism that survives in their environment to produce more offspring is the fittest.

b)

The organism that collects the most resources is the fittest

c)

The organism that becomes the strongest individual is the fittest

d)

The organism that lives the longest is the fittest. 

18.

In science, the inheritance of a structure that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better able to survive and reproduce is called

a)

mutation

b)

advantage

c)

adaptation

d)

evolution

19.

How do fossils support evolution?

a)

The fossil record provides evidence that organisms have changed over time.

b)

Individual species disappear and reappear in the fossil record over time.

c)

The fossil record provides evidence that all organisms developed at the same time.

d)

Organisms in the fossil record are identical to living organisms.

20.
Which of the following is a fossil?
a)
a plant that has recently died
b)
a group of organisms that can reproduce
c)
a structure or organ that no longer functions
d)
a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
21.
In natural selection, the selective agent is the
a)
humans
b)
mutations
c)
breeders
d)
environment
22.

What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its environemtn?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

homologous structure

d)

vestigial structure

23.
What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?
a)
natural selection
b)
inheritance
c)
artificial selection
d)
descent withOUT modification
24.
The gradual change in species over time is...
a)
Evolution
b)
Nucleotide 
c)
Adaptation
d)
Natural Selection
25.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
26.
What is another name for natural selection?
a)
survival of the smartest
b)
survival of the fastest
c)
survival of the biggest
d)
survival of the fittest
27.

Process when breeders select individuals that have desirable traits that can be inherited by offspring

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

adaptation

d)

embryonic development

28.

Which of the following is not evidence for evolution:

a)

binary fission

b)

embryonic development

c)

homologous structures

d)

biochemistry and DNA

e)

fossils

29.

Refers to changes in the genes of populations:

a)

microevolution

b)

macroevolution

c)

convergent evolution

d)

coevolution

30.
Mistakes or changes that occur int he DNA sequence are called....
a)
adatations
b)
Darwinism
c)
mutations
d)
natural selection
31.

What is the most likely cause for the change in the mice population over time?

a)

hawks eat more dark mice because they taste better

b)

hawks eat more white mice because they are easier to see

c)

hawks eat more dark mice because they are easier to see

d)

hawks eat more white mice because they reproduce better

32.

The same species lives in the same area and have different appearances. What term can be used to describe this?

a)

overpopulation

b)

population

c)

extinction

d)

variation

33.

Which statement best explains adaptations in context of the Theory of Evolution.

a)

adaptations are critical to the survival of a species by providing ways to adjust

b)

adaptations allow a single surviving organism to choose its traits and then reproduce

c)

adaptations are when an organism changes is environment to make it easier to live

d)

adaptations allow organisms to learn how to survive in any environment

34.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
35.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
36.
The disappearance of a species.
a)
Evolution
b)
Extinction
c)
Migration
d)
Mutation
37.
These are natural differences within a species.
a)
Evolution
b)
Genetic variation
c)
Biological diversity
d)
Populations
38.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
39.
Natural selection is when ____________ decides who survives and who doesn't
a)
nature
b)
humans
c)
animals
d)
years
40.
Which best describes mutations?
a)
Always helpful
b)
Always harmful
c)
Can be helpful or harmful
d)
Always neutral
41.
What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?
a)
species change over time
b)
extinct species are not related to living species
c)
different species can interbreed
d)
animals that look alike are most closely related
42.
Which of these best represents a time period in which an organism could evolve?
a)
5 days
b)
100 years
c)
10,000 years
d)
2 decades
43.
A theory has significant evidence to support it.  True or False
a)
True
b)
False
44.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
45.
Where humans have bred organisms together based on traits we like.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction 
d)
Artificial Selection
46.
The long and sharp beak of a woodpecker is an example of:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
47.
An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Mutation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Selective Breeding
48.

Birds are eating all the green beetles. Because the brown beetles are surviving they reproduce more and make more brown beetles. This is called ___________

a)

Artificial Selection

b)

The Theory on the Origin of Species

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Mutation

49.

Darwin wrote that the organisms best suited to their environments will .....

a)

Increase in Number

b)

Go Extinct

c)

Mutate More often

50.

Why were the beaks on Darwin's finches so Important?

a)

They showed the finches always existed as Darwin found them.

b)

They showed that the finches could mutate their beaks whenever they want.

c)

They showed variability in the finches species. All finches were equally adaptable to all islands.

d)

They show that the finches adapted to their environments. Their beak shape matched the food available on each island.

51.

4. When the industrial revolution started, the trees have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

a)

White Moth

b)

Dark Moth

c)

Both are Equally Successful in this Environment

52.
Scientific theories are based on
a)
general assumptions of how systems work.
b)
mathematical principles that can be proven true.
c)
large amounts of data collected over time.
d)
observations from within only one scientific discipline.
53.

The large-scale events of speciation are called...

a)

macroevolution

b)

simplification

c)

adaptation

d)

microevolution

54.
The evolution of a new species from an existing species is ____.
a)
natural selection
b)
isolation
c)
speciation
d)
genetic variation
55.

Microevolution happens in

a)

species

b)

individuals

c)

populations

d)

households

56.

Natural selection requires ______________ to happen in a population.

a)

hundreds of years

b)

variation

c)

low genetic fitness

d)

high genetic fitness

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