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Biology Final Exam Review 2023

Total questions: 163

Worksheet time: 3hrs 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The primary component of the plasma membrane is the group of lipids called

a)

prostaglandins

b)

cholesterol

c)

phospholipids

d)

carbohydrate

2.

"Water loving"....the outside (purple) part of the plasma membrane has this trait.

a)

Hydroloric

b)

Hydroelectric

c)

Hydrophilic

d)

Hydrophobic

3.

"water fearing".....the inside (blue) part of the plasma membrane has this trait.

a)

Hydroloric

b)

Hydroelectric

c)

Hydrophilic

d)

Hydrophobic

4.

What do we call our current model of the cell membrane?

a)

the fluid mosaic model

b)

the major mobility model

c)

the crazy cell model

d)

the cell theroy model

5.

Controls the passage of materials inside and outside of the cell

a)

Plasma/Cell Membrane

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Endoplasmic reticulum

6.

Which term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an organism?

a)

permeability

b)

homeostasis

c)

specialization

d)

unicellularity

7.

Which of the following molecules pass easily through the cell membrane, requiring little extra help or energy? Select all that apply.

a)

glucose

b)

oxygen

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

sodium

8.

The ability to allow only certain molecules into or out of the cell.

a)

permeability

b)

impermability

c)

unpermeability

d)

semipermeablity

9.

Passive Transport

a)

Does require cell energy

b)

Does NOT require cell energy

10.
What is diffusion?
a)

when molecules move from a low concentration to a high concentration 

b)

when molecules move from a high concentration to a low concentration.

c)

no movement 

d)

molecules move everywhere

11.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
12.
_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoplasm
13.
Which way will the water molecules move during osmosis?
a)
Out of the cell, so the cell shrinks.
b)
Out of the cell, so the cell swells.
c)
Into the cell, so the cell shrinks.
d)
Into the cell, so the cell swells.
14.
When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Equilibrium
15.
Diffusion can be used in...
a)
Plants and Animals
b)
Only Plants
c)
Only Animals
d)
Only Humans
16.
Permeable means
a)
things can pass through
b)
the concentration levels are different
c)
it is permanent
d)
things are stuck
17.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
18.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
19.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
20.

Which characteristic of a cell membrane allows it to control materials entering and leaving a cell?

a)

A cell membrane is surrounded by fluid.

b)

A cell membrane is semi-permeable.

c)

A cell membrane holds organelles in place.

d)

A cell membrane is found in plant and animal cells.

21.
Osmosis is a form of ______________. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
22.
What is the definition of  Selective Permeability?
a)
The movement of materials across the cell membrane that requires NO ENERGY from the cell.
b)
The movement of materials through (or across) the cell membrane
c)
The ability of the cell membrane to allow some things to pass through while preventing other things from passing through.
d)
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration 
23.
Which of the following moves with the concentration gradient?
a)
Active Transport
b)
Phagocytosis
c)
Pinocytosis
d)
Diffusion 
24.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
25.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Diffusion
d)
Sodium-Potassium Pump
26.
What are 3 types of active transport?
a)
Riding a bike, Running through the mountains, walking on the beach
b)
Osmosis, Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion
c)
Sodium/potassium Pump, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
d)
Throwing a ball, Playing tennis, driving a car
27.
Even though the concentration of salt is high in some gland cells and low in the blood, these cells can move salt out of blood and into the cells.  This is an example of
a)
passive transport
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
28.
The roots of a plant contain a high concentration of minerals and the soil contains a lower concentration.  The roots absorb minerals from the soil.  This is an example of
a)
passive transport.
b)
active transport.
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
29.
Cells sometimes use energy to transport materials across the cell membrane.  This is called
a)
photosynthesis
b)
osmosis
c)
cellular respiration
d)
active transport
30.
Solutes move against the concentration gradient
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
31.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
32.

What might happen if a cell did not have any ATP/energy?

a)

It would not have enough energy to do active transport

b)

It's cell membrane would break

c)

The transport proteins would not be needed.

33.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
34.
The cells seem to be swelling and about to burst what type of solution are they most likely in?
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
35.
The cells seem to be shriveled and dehydrated what type of solution are they most likely in?
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
36.
The image indicates what type of solution the cell is in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
37.

Movement of SOLUTE through the cell membrane from high to low concentration is called.....

a)

diffusion

b)

active transport

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

osmosis

38.
How does a cell maintain homeostasis?
a)
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell
b)
Flexibility
c)
Protective barrier
d)
Structure and support
39.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means...
a)
All materials can enter and leave the cell
b)
Certain things can enter while others cannot
c)
The cell manually sorts through all materials
d)
Only certain cells can interact with the cell.
40.
In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
41.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
42.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
43.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleus
44.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
45.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
46.

Which of the following is not found in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Guanine

c)

Uracil

d)

Cytosine

47.
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine are known as
a)
sugars
b)
phosphates
c)
lipids
d)
nitrogen bases
48.
How many different varieties of nitrogen bases are used to build DNA
a)
1
b)
4
c)
8
d)
12
49.
Guanine is complementary to what other nitrogenous base?
a)
Cytosine
b)
Adenine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
50.
Complementary Bases are held together by what type of bond?
a)
Covalent
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Ionic
d)
Mettalic
51.
If one series of bases reads: TTGACTAGG, then the complementary set of bases would read:
a)
TTGACTAGG
b)
AACTGATCC
c)
AATCGAACTT
d)
AAGTCATCC
52.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
53.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
Stores energy
b)
Stores genetic information
c)
Movement
d)
Physical structure
54.

Which of the following nitrogenous bases are NOT found in RNA?

a)

Uracil

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Adenine

e)

Cytosine

55.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
56.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
57.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
58.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
59.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
60.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
61.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
62.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
63.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
64.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
65.
In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?
The B stands for bud.
a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
66.
The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics 
a)
gene
b)
genetics 
c)
meiosis 
d)
hybrid 
67.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
68.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
69.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
70.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
71.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
72.
What process does a multi-cellular organism use to replace its damaged body cells?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
replication
d)
transcription
73.
Identify the stage of mitosis. 
a)
interphase
b)
prophase
c)
anaphase
d)
cytokinesis
74.

What is the image above:

a)

Chromosome

b)

Chromotid

c)

Centromere

d)

Centriole

75.

A chromosome is packaged

a)

DNA

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Lipids

76.

In which phase does a cell spend most of its life?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

e)

Telophase

77.

The splitting of the cytoplasm and cell membranes is called?

a)

Interphase

b)

Telophase

c)

Centromere

d)

Cytokinesis

78.

How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis II?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

8

79.

Which of the following are CORRECT observations about the differences between MITOSIS and MEIOSIS? (Check all that apply.)

a)

Mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell.

b)

Meiosis produces cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

c)

All cells go through INTERPHASE as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis or meiosis next.

d)

In both types of cell division, the chromosomes are only duplicated once.

e)

Only in Mitosis, do you see chromosomes pair up to form a tetrad.

80.

The products of MEIOSIS have _______ number of chromosomes.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

81.
Which of the following is the blueprint for the production of RNA within a cell?
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
ATO
d)
carbohydrate
82.
What is the relationship between a protein, the cell, and DNA?
a)
DNA is produced by protein which is produced in the cell
b)
Protein is composed of DNA which is produced in the cell
c)
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
d)
A cell is composed of DNA and protein
83.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
84.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
85.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
ribosome
c)
cytoplasm
d)
smooth ER
86.
Where does translation take place?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Golgi Body
d)
Cytoplasm
87.
Which of the following is incorrect regarding RNA?
a)
RNA contains uracil
b)
RNA can only be found inside the nucleus
c)
RNA is single stranded
d)
RNA contains genetic information
88.
This cannot leave the nucleus
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
89.
Carries the genetic code to the ribosome
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
90.

What are the two steps of protein synthesis (in order)?

a)

Translation and Replication

b)

Transcription and Translation

c)

Replication and Transcription

d)

Replication and Mitosis

91.

Which types of RNA are involved in transcription? (Choose all that apply)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

92.

Which types of RNA are involved in translation? (Choose all that apply.)

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

pRNA

93.

Where, in the cell, does translation occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

Mitochondria

94.

Where, in the cell, does transcription occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Rough ER

95.

Which type of RNA functions by carrying the information from DNA to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

96.

Which type of RNA functions by delivering a specific amino acid to the ribosome?

a)

Messenger RNA

b)

Transfer RNA

c)

Ribosomal RNA

d)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

97.

What is the central dogma of biology?

a)

The flow of ATP to energize living tissue.

b)

The flow of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA to making a protein.

c)

The process of DNA replication for mitosis.

d)

The entirety of life on Earth.

98.

What is the function of DNA replication?

a)

A protein is made

b)

DNA makes a copy of itself

c)

Food is broken down

d)

A cell splits into two daughter cells

99.

Phenotype

a)

Different forms of a gene

b)

The way an organism looks

c)

Factors that determine traits

100.

Heterozygous

a)

When two alleles for a trait are different.

b)

Different forms of a gene.

c)

Factors that determine traits

101.

Monohybrid Cross

a)

The allele combination of an organism.

b)

Different forms of a gene.

c)

This cross is used when studying one trait.

102.

Law of Segregation

a)

Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other

b)

Every organism has two alleles which seperate when gametes are produced.

c)

The way an organism looks and behaves.

103.

Allele

a)

The way an organism looks and behaves

b)

Different forms of a gene

c)

Alleles for a trait are the same

104.

Law of Independent Assortment

a)

The way an organism looks and behaves

b)

Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other

c)

Alleles for a trait are the same

105.

Genes

a)

Factors that determine traits

b)

The allele combination of an organism

c)

Different forms of a gene

106.

Genotype

a)

Different forms of a gene

b)

Alleles for a trait are the same

c)

The allele combination of an organism

107.

An organism is a hybrid genotype (Tt) but is appears tall instead of short.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

108.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

109.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

110.
When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....
a)
Adaption
b)
Extinction
c)
Fossilization
d)
Mutation
111.
In the graph shown, how many species of lizards seem to have beneficial adaptations?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
112.
Mistakes or changes that occur int he DNA sequence are called....
a)
adatations
b)
Darwinism
c)
mutations
d)
natural selection
113.
What do we call similar physical structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?
a)
absolute dating
b)
adaptations
c)
gradualism
d)
homologous structures
114.
The preserved remains or physical evidence of an organism that lived in the past are called...
a)
evolutionary features
b)
fossils
c)
mutations
d)
variations
115.
Which beneficial variation would be most helpful in a desert environment?
a)
white fur
b)
claws for burrowing
c)
grean and black camouflage
d)
flippers
116.
Which would NOT be considered a fossil?
a)
bones buried deep in the earth
b)
footprints harened in  mud or rocks
c)
imprints left in rocks
d)
stories passed down from generation to generation
117.
What is it called when an organism is best adapted to its environment, it will survive and reproduce more successfully than other organisms less adapted?
a)
cloning
b)
evolution of all species
c)
natural selection
d)
selective breeding
118.
This scientist came up with the idea of natural selection.
a)
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Thomas Malthus
119.
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.
a)
Fossil
b)
Adaptation
c)
Ancestor
d)
Natural selection
120.

What do we call a change in a species over time?

a)

Adaptation

b)

Evolution

c)

Extinction

d)

Environmental influences

121.
The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?
a)
Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
b)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.
c)
Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.
d)
Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.
122.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
123.
Comparing human hemoglobin of chimpanzees, horses, kangaroos, and chickens, reveal that humans have the fewest amino acid differences with 
a)
Kangaroos
b)
Horses
c)
chickens
d)
chimpanzees
124.
All the individuals of a species that live in a particular area are called a
a)
variation
b)
population
c)
fossil
d)
group
125.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
126.
Natural selection is when ____________ decides who survives and who doesn't
a)
nature
b)
humans
c)
animals
d)
years
127.
Which best describes mutations?
a)
Always helpful
b)
Always harmful
c)
Can be helpful or harmful
d)
Always neutral
128.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
129.
What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?
a)
species change over time
b)
extinct species are not related to living species
c)
different species can interbreed
d)
animals that look alike are most closely related
130.
Which of these best represents a time period in which an organism could evolve?
a)
5 days
b)
100 years
c)
10,000 years
d)
2 decades
131.
A theory has significant evidence to support it.  True or False
a)
True
b)
False
132.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation
d)
 fitness
133.
Where humans have bred organisms together based on traits we like.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction 
d)
Artificial Selection
134.
Genetic differences between organisms of the same species
a)
Variation
b)
Adaptation
c)
Behavior
d)
Environment
135.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
136.
The long and sharp beak of a woodpecker is an example of:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
137.
An error in DNA copying that results in a new trait
a)
Homeostasis
b)
Mutation
c)
Natural Selection
d)
Selective Breeding
138.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY: Which of the following must be true in order for organisms to be considered the same species?

a)

They must be able to mate

b)

They must be able to produce viable offspring

c)

They must have structural similaries

d)

They must have the same bone structure

139.
What happens when species produce too many offspring?
a)
Species share the limited resources 
b)
Species eat less so that all can survive
c)
Only those that are least fit can survive
d)
Only those that are best fit can survive
140.
While at the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin found that:
a)
There were slight differences in finches from island to island
b)
There were slight differences in finches on the islands compared to the mainland
c)
The shape of the finches beaks were different on each island
d)
All possible multiple choice answers
141.
Variations in a population are caused by:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Random Mutations
142.
If an environment changes, populations with ______________ have a better chance of survival.
a)
No genetic variations
b)
Genetic variations
c)
A small number
d)
A large number
143.
The climate of a certain area is cold, and snow is found on the ground most of the year. Equal numbers of two populations of rabbits are introduced into this climate by a group of scientists. One of the populations is brown and the other is white. Predict what will happen over several generations.
a)
There will be equal numbers of brown and white rabbits
b)
There will be more brown rabbits that white rabbits
c)
There will be more white rabbits than brown rabbits
d)
There is no way to predict what will happen to the rabbit population
144.
The variations within a population will most likely be passed on to future generations if they are: 
a)
Due to a mutation and result in beneficial variations
b)
Due to a mutation and result in harmful variations
c)
Not due to a mutation and result in harmful variations
d)
Not due to a mutation and result in beneficial variations
145.

Members of a species can breed with other members of the same species.

a)

True

b)

False

146.
Organisms with the most beneficial traits will survive.  This is commonly known as ___.
a)
theory of evolution
b)
variations
c)
survival of the fittest
d)
ecosystems
147.
The passing of characters from parents to offspring is called?
a)
Monohybrid cross
b)
Heredity
c)
True breeding
d)
Genetics
148.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
10%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
it varies
149.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
150.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
151.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
152.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
153.
A carrier is represented by what symbol? 
a)
Clear 
b)
Shaded 
c)
Half Shaded
d)
1:4 ratio 
154.
In the second generation-how many people have the disease or display the physical trait?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
155.
What does a horizontal line between a square and a circle mean?
a)
They are siblings
b)
They are cousins
c)
They are married ("together")
d)
They are the children
156.

Objective #13

On a pedigree how do we know if they have the trait?

a)

Not shaded

b)

Shaded

157.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
158.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
159.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
160.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
161.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
162.
What sugar is in DNA?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
c)
oxyribose
d)
deoxyose
163.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate