WorksheetsPractice Test 2
Total questions: 77
Worksheet time: 39mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and caused by ________.
a)
density differences; the Coriolis effect and land
b)
density differences; differences in salinity and temperature
c)
latitude; differences in salinity and land
d)
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
e)
wind; gravity and density
2.
Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________.
a)
density differences; the Coriolis effect and land
b)
density differences; differences in salinity and temperature
c)
latitude; differences in salinity and land
d)
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
e)
wind; gravity and density
3.
Which of the following statements is true of surface ocean currents?
a)
Surface currents concentrate warm water in the center of the gyre at mid latitudes
b)
Surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called "gyres."
c)
Surface currents occur within and below the pycnocline.
d)
Surface currents transport cold water toward the poles.
e)
Surface currents transport warm water toward the equator.
4.
Equatorial currents are driven by the ________.
a)
Coriolis force
b)
density
c)
trade winds
d)
westerlies
5.
Which of the following is NOT a Western boundary current?
a)
California Current
b)
Gulf Stream
c)
Kuroshio Current
d)
East Australian Current
6.
The smaller circular movement of water seen here near the Gulf Stream current are called ...
a)
Swirlies
b)
Eddies
c)
Ocean blobs
d)
Rounders
7.
A bottle is thrown into the Atlantic off the western coast of South Africa. Where is it most likely to land?
a)
Europe
b)
Australia
c)
Antarctica
d)
South America
8.
These large circular patterns made by ocean currents are called
a)
gyres
b)
flushes
c)
spinners
d)
whirlpools
9.
Western boundary currents tend to be
a)
warm water currents
b)
cold water currents
c)
all currents are the same temperature
d)
temperatures are random
10.
Upwelling brings
a)
Cold water to the bottom
b)
Cold water to the surface
c)
Warm water to the bottom
d)
Warm Water to the surface
11.
Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich deep water through ________
a)
upwelling
b)
downwelling
c)
convergence
d)
extravagance
12.
Due to the Gulf Stream current, Europe's climate is ______ compared to other areas at the same latitude
a)
warmer
b)
colder
c)
the same
13.
Which would have warmer land?
a)
Land at A
b)
Land at B
c)
Same temperature for A and B
14.
Which would have cooler land?
a)
Land at C
b)
Land at D
c)
Same temperature for C and D
15.
Which of these might be used to measure an ocean current DIRECTLY?
a)
Satellites
b)
Free-drifting Argo floats
c)
Doppler (sonar) Current meter
d)
Land-based radar altimeters
16.
The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents?
a)
Eastern Boundary Current
b)
Equatorial Counter Current
c)
Northern Boundary Current
d)
Western Boundary Current
17.
The California current brings cold water to the West Coast of USA because it is a ____________
a)
Western boundary current
b)
Eastern boundary current
c)
Equatorial current
d)
Southern boundary current
18.
Surface winds cause currents in the ocean by
a)
the Coriolis effect
b)
transferring wind energy to ocean water
c)
wind absorbing energy from ocean water
d)
gravity
19.
Surface currents north of the equator flow clockwise, but surface currents south of the equator flow counterclockwise due to the Coriolis effect.
a)
True
b)
False
c)
They both flow the same direction, which is clockwise.
d)
They both flow the same direction, which is counterclockwise.
20.
Currents are deflected to the _________ in the Southern Hemisphere.
a)
right
b)
left
c)
south
d)
north
21.
Surface currents affect the top ___ % of the ocean water.
a)
10
b)
25
c)
50
d)
90
22.
Coastal areas that experience upwelling are more likely to have low biological productivity.
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Upwelling doesn't affect that.
23.
During a strong El Niño event, the news media might be expected to cover _______.
a)
drought on the western coast of South America
b)
flooding in Indonesia and Australia
c)
record high fishing catches in Southeast Asia
d)
flooding and mudslides in Peru
24.
Records indicate that the ocean is warming faster in the Arctic polar regions than elsewhere, releasing additional freshwater into the North Atlantic. If that continues, a possible consequence could be __________
a)
an increase in upwelling in the arctic
b)
faster moving deep ocean circulation
c)
slowing of the deep ocean circulation
d)
more oxygen in the deep ocean
25.
Deep ocean current movement is also known as __________.
a)
Walker circulation
b)
thermohaline circulation
c)
Ekman transport
d)
equatorial downwelling
26.
Of the following statements about deep-ocean currents, which is NOT true?
a)
Deep-ocean currents are initiated near Antarctica and in the North Atlantic Ocean, where cold, dense water sinks.
b)
Deep-ocean currents travel faster than ocean surface currents.
c)
Deep-ocean currents are important regulators of global climate.
d)
Deep-ocean currents contain water with high oxygen concentrations.
27.
Of the following conditions, which is NOT related to strong El Niño events?
a)
Decrease in productivity along coastal South America
b)
Increase in the strength and consistency of the trade winds
c)
Increase in sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean
28.
The false-color map of sea surface temperatures shown below is an example of which of the following features?
a)
El Nino conditions
b)
La Nina conditions
c)
Eddies
d)
Upwelling
29.
The deepest and densest water mass in the world ocean is formed in the _____.
a)
Indian Ocean
b)
Arctic Ocean
c)
Southern Ocean
d)
North Atlantic
e)
North Pacific
30.
Compared to Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water is ________.
a)
lower in oxygen
b)
colder
c)
higher in nutrients
d)
less dense
31.
If deep water circulation were to slow down or stop due to climate change, the Gulf Stream current could also stop flowing north. If this were to occur, what would likely happen to the climate in the UK and Europe?
a)
It would get warmer
b)
It would get colder
c)
It wouldn’t change
d)
There’s no way to predict
32.
Why does upwelling occur along the west coast of South America under normal conditions?
a)
Winds moving northward in the South Pacific drive ocean currents toward the north; deep water rises to replace water driven northward.
b)
Winds moving westward in the South Pacific drive ocean currents toward the west; deep water rises to replace water driven westward.
c)
Winds moving eastward in the South Pacific drive ocean currents toward the east; deep water rises to replace water driven eastward.
d)
Winds moving southward in the South Pacific drive ocean currents toward the south; deep water rises to replace water driven southward.
33.
What would you expect weather to be like in Indonesia if the western coast of South America were experiencing unusually warm, wet weather?
a)
Indonesia would be experiencing unusually cool weather.
b)
Indonesia would be experiencing unusually warm weather.
c)
Indonesia would be experiencing unusually wet weather.
d)
Indonesia would be experiencing unusually dry weather.
34.
Under which conditions are droughts and wildfires common in Australia and Indonesia?
a)
under normal conditions
b)
under La Niña conditions
c)
under Walker Circulation conditions
d)
under El Niño conditions
35.
What is the overall effect of the stronger than normal trade winds typical of La Niña conditions?
a)
raising of the East Pacific ocean temperature from normal conditions
b)
flipping of the East Pacific ocean current direction from normal conditions
c)
swapping of the Pacific high and low pressure zones from normal conditions
d)
lowering of the East Pacific ocean temperature from normal conditions
36.
The loss of heat from the ocean surface, resulting in a lowered temperature, causes ocean water to become __________.
a)
more acidic
b)
denser
c)
less saline
d)
less dense
37.
A deep and powerful southward subsurface current that flows under the Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic is the __________.
a)
Antarctic Intermediate Water
b)
Canary Current
c)
North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre
d)
North Atlantic Deep Water
38.
Thermohaline circulation in the ocean is driven primarily by differences in __________ and __________ among water masses.
a)
salinity; dissolved gas
b)
temperature; salinity
c)
salinity; pH
d)
temperature; pH
e)
salinity; precipitation
39.
Which of the following is most likely to sink and become part of a deep-ocean current?
a)
Warm water with high salinity
b)
Warm water with low salinity
c)
Cold water with high salinity
d)
Cold water with low salinity
40.
Thermohaline circulation distributes which of the following?
a)
Heat
b)
Oxygen
c)
Nutrients
d)
All of these
41.
At the poles, water becomes denser because______.
a)
Water evaporates
b)
Sea ice forms
c)
Sea ice melts
d)
It rains a lot
42.
Why do the fishermen of Peru and South America dislike a strong El Nino?
a)
El Niño poisons the fish
b)
El Niño causes strong winds and currents which move fish westward
c)
El Niño bring cold water to the surface which kills the base of the food chain
d)
El Niño shuts off upwelling and nutrients needed for the marine food chain do not rise to the surface
43.
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about El Niño and La Niña?
a)
Both occur every 2-7 years
b)
Both occur in the Atlantic Ocean
c)
El Niño is a warming and La Niña is a cooling of the Pacific Ocean
d)
Neither are considered "storms"
44.
How could El Niño affect weather during the winter in California?
a)
It could decrease wind.
b)
It could increase rainfall.
c)
It could decrease rainfall.
45.
What is represented at point 1?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
46.
What is represented at point 2?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
47.
What is represented at point 3?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
48.
Which statement correctly describes the motion of water particles due to the action of waves?
a)
they travel from one crest to another
b)
they move in opposite direction of the wave
c)
they rise and fall in a circular motion
d)
they move back and forth
49.
What is the primary source of energy that generates most ocean waves?
a)
earthquakes
b)
wind
c)
the moon
d)
volcanic eruptions
50.
The time between two successive waves is called the ________.
a)
crest
b)
frequency
c)
height
d)
period
51.
A wave can make a leaf bob up and down on the water, but it cannot move the leaf toward the shore. This is because waves only transfer ________
a)
matter
b)
energy
c)
media
d)
crests
52.
What is distance from a wave's crest to the trough called?
a)
wave height
b)
wave length
c)
wave frequency
d)
wave period
53.
The first waves that form when the wind begins to blow across the ocean surface is a ________.
a)
capillary waves
b)
swell
c)
tide
d)
tsunami
54.
Waves that travel across the ocean out of the influence of the wind are called ______. They organize based on wave period.
a)
capillary wave
b)
swell
c)
tides
d)
tsunami
55.
Most ocean waves form as a result of ________.
a)
seismic events
b)
winds blowing across the ocean surface
c)
landslides
d)
density differences between water layers
56.
An internal wave might form ________.
a)
at a density boundary within the ocean
b)
at the boundary between the atmosphere and the ocean
c)
at the boundary between the ocean and the seafloor
d)
close to shore as it moves into shallow water
57.
The height of a wave depends upon ________.
a)
fetch
b)
fetch and wind speed
c)
fetch, wind duration, and wind speed
d)
wind duration
e)
wind duration and wind speed
58.
High tides and low tides in the ocean each occur ____ times each day
a)
1
b)
2
c)
4
d)
24
59.
Tides in the ocean are created mainly by ______
a)
Wind
b)
the moon's gravity
c)
the earth spinning
d)
earthquakes
60.
The wet sand part of the beach that is the ________.
a)
backshore
b)
beach face
c)
offshore
d)
shoreline
61.
The flat dry part of the beach out of reach of most waves is called the ________.
a)
berm
b)
nearshore
c)
beach face
d)
shoreline
62.
Which of the following would you expect to find on a summertime beach?
a)
A narrow berm
b)
Prominent longshore bars
c)
A wide, sandy berm
d)
Larger, high-energy waves
e)
A rocky terrain along the beach
63.
Winter beaches ________.
a)
are narrower than summer beaches due to high-energy waves during the winter
b)
are wider than summer beaches due to low-energy waves during the winter
c)
contain more sediment than summer beaches due to high-energy waves during the winter
d)
contain less sediment than summer beaches due to low-energy waves during the winter
e)
are characterized by most of the swash soaking into the beach
64.
Sediment is supplied to the coastal zone by ________.
a)
A) coastal erosion
b)
B) local biological activity
c)
C) rivers
d)
All of them are sources of sediment in the coastal zone.
e)
Only A and B are sources of sediment in the coastal zone.
65.
Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does NOT fit the pattern.
a)
Groin
b)
Lagoon
c)
Jetty
d)
Breakwater
e)
Seawall
66.
Where does sand accumulate during heavy wave activity?
a)
Along the beach face
b)
Behind the dunes
c)
Beneath the breakers
d)
In the berm
e)
Offshore sand bars
67.
The part of the shore that represents the water's edge and migrates back and forth with the tide is known as the ________.
a)
backshore
b)
foreshore
c)
nearshore
d)
offshore
e)
shoreline
68.
Which of the following best describes longshore transport?
a)
The building of a berm at the expense of a longshore bar caused by light wave activity.
b)
The formation of a rocky flattened beach face with a narrow berm.
c)
The formation of a sandy steep beach face with a wide berm.
d)
The movement of sediment in a zigzag fashion caused by the longshore current.
e)
The use of floating objects such as shoes from shipping mishaps to track currents.
69.
In which direction is the longshore current moving, on average?
a)
From top of picture to bottom of picture
b)
From bottom of picture to top of picture
c)
There's no way to know
d)
There is likely no longshore current
70.
Which represents a wintertime beach?
a)
a
b)
b
c)
there's no way to tell
d)
they're the same
71.
Where does most of the sand on Oceanside beaches come from?
a)
Waves bring it from offshore
b)
The California Current carries it
c)
Local rivers and watersheds
d)
Crumbling cliffs
72.
These structures that trap sand are called
a)
Jetties
b)
Groins
c)
Breakwaters
d)
Seawalls
73.
These structures that keep sand from filling the entrance to a harbor or channel are called
a)
Jetties
b)
Groins
c)
Breakwaters
d)
Seawalls
74.
What is this structure that protects the Oceanside harbor from waves
a)
Jetty
b)
Groin
c)
Breakwater
d)
Seawall
75.
In what direction does the average sediment transport flow in Oceanside?
a)
East to West
b)
North to South
c)
West to East
d)
South to North
76.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
77.
The warming of the atmosphere by the trapping of heat being radiated to space is called
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
the greenhouse effect
d)
radiation
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