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Genetics Review

Total questions: 98

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Organisms pass on traits to their (a)  

Choose from the below words
children
parents
siblings
neighbors
2.

DNA contains what information? (Choose 4)

a)

Controls growth

b)

Tells what kind of job you'll have later in life

c)

Eye color

d)

Hair color

e)

Height

3.

Where do we get our genes from? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Mom
Dad
Half from Mom and half from Dad
75% from Mom and 25% from Dad
4.

Which pictures show a cell? (Choose 3)

a)
b)
c)
d)
5.

What is the title given to scientists that study genes? (a)  

Choose from the below words
genealogists
geneticists
family tree specialists
genetic biologists
6.

Who was the father of genetics? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Charles Darwin
Issac Newton 
Gregor Mendel 
Bill Nye
7.

Which offspring below most likely came from these parents?

a)
b)
c)
d)
8.

The study of how traits are passed on from parents to offspring (a)  

Choose from the below words
genes
genetics 
genealogy
DNA
9.
A cell is...
a)
the basic unit of structure and function in living organism
b)
an organism
c)
a basic part of everything that we see
d)
found only in animals, not plants
10.

There are three tenets of the Cell Theory. Which of the following is NOT a tenet?

a)

Cells are the basic structure and function of life.

b)

All living things are made of one or more cells.

c)

The cell is the basic unit of matter.

d)

All cells come from preexisting cells.

11.
All organisms are made of:
a)
organelles
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
cells
12.

This organelle is in all eukaryotic cells. It is the control center of the cell because it holds the DNA.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Ribosomes

13.

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

a)

Digestion

b)

Storage

c)

Protective Barrier

d)

Packaging Proteins

14.

How are eukaryotes different from prokaryotes?

a)

Plants are eukaryotes, animals are prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes have a CELL WALL, prokaryotes do NOT

c)

Eukaryotes have a NUCLEUS, prokaryotes do NOT

d)

Prokaryotes have a NUCLEUS, eukaryotes do NOT

15.
The nucleus is like the ____________ of the cell.
a)
foot
b)
hand
c)
stomach
d)
brain
16.

Choose the procaryotic cell.

a)
b)
c)
17.

Choose the eukaryotic cells (Choose 3)

a)
b)
c)
d)
18.

It is true, not all cells have a true nucleus, but all cells must have some sort of

a)

DNA

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Osmosis

d)

Call Wall

19.

Your normal body cells contain 46 (23 pairs) total chromosomes. How many chromosomes do they have after mitosis is complete?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

only half

20.

Pick the correct function for mitosis

a)

growth & repair

b)

sexual reproduction

c)

genetic diversity

d)

variation of the species

21.

Type of cells for mitosis

a)

sperm cells

b)

egg cells

c)

gametes

d)

body cells

22.

Type of cells that meiosis produces

a)

sperm and egg cells

b)

zygotes

c)

skin and bone cells

d)

blood cells and muscle cells

23.

The main advantage of meiosis and sexual reproduction is the creation of _____________ offspring.

a)

fewer

b)

more

c)

diverse

d)

cloned

24.

Which process creates 4 daughter cells?

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Both

d)

Neither

25.

Which process creates 2 identical daughter cells?

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Both

d)

Neither

26.

What process helps a cut on your hand to repair itself over time?

a)

Meiosis

b)

Budding

c)

Mitosis

d)

Vegetative Propagation

27.

Meiosis creates daughter cells with how many chromosomes?

a)

46

b)

12

c)

92

d)

23

28.

Mitosis creates daughter cells with how many chromosomes?

a)

46

b)

12

c)

92

d)

23

29.

Half the _________ in the offspring come from each parent.

a)

genes

b)

molecules

c)

particules

d)

substances

30.

Mitosis creates what type of cells?

a)

Haploid Cells

b)

Diploid Cells

31.

Meiosis creates what type of cells?

a)

Haploid Cells

b)

Diploid Cells

32.

Which type of reproduction requires 2 parent cells combining to create a new cell (offspring)?

a)

sexual

b)

asexual

c)

both

33.

Which of the following is an advantage to sexual reproduction?

a)

Rapid reproduction of a large amount of offspring

b)

More genetic mutations occur

c)

genetic variation

d)

offspring are identical to parents

34.

Hydras use a type of asexual reproduction in which they grow genetically identical offspring on the side of their body. This is an example of what type of asexual reproduction?

a)

vegetative propogation

b)

cloning

c)

binary fision

d)

budding

35.

Which type of reproduction only requires one parent?

a)

sexual

b)

asexual

c)

both

36.

Which of the following is NOT a type of ASEXUAL reproduction?

a)

Budding

b)

Regeneration

c)

Vegetative Propagation

d)

Cloning

e)

A flower being pollinated

37.

Hydras use budding to reproduce. What type of reproduction does a hydra use?

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

c)

Both

38.

Occurs when an animal's offspring grows from a piece of its parent.

a)

binary fission

b)

budding

c)

regeneration

d)

vegetative propagation

39.

Which of the following is NOT an advantage to asexual reproduction?

a)

Rapid reproduction of large amounts of offspring

b)

Organisms do not have to find a mate

c)

Genetic variation

40.

Which of the following are TWO disadvantages to sexual reproduction? (choose 2)

a)

Requires more time and energy

b)

There is more genetic variation

c)

There is a greater chance of genetic mutation

d)

Cannot produce large amounts of offspring in a short amount of time.

41.

Which is true about the offspring of asexual reproduction?

a)

They have genetic information from two parents.

b)

They are genetically diverse from their parents.

c)

They are genetically identical to the parent.

d)

They have different genetic information but look identical.

42.

Cell division in prokaryotes, like bacteria, that forms two genetically identical cells.

a)

vegetative propagation

b)

budding

c)

binary fission

d)

regeneration

43.

Sexual reproduction requires ______ parent(s) and asexual reproduction requires ______ parent(s).

a)

one, one

b)

two, two

c)

two, one

d)

one, two

44.

Which statement describes why genetic variation is beneficial to populations of organisms?

a)

individuals look different from one another

b)

only one parent is needed to produce offspring

c)

populations of the organism increase more rapidly

d)

species can better survive environmental changes

45.

TRUE or FALSE: There is only one type of asexual reproduction

a)

True

b)

False

46.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
47.

Adenine bonds with ______________ in DNA.

a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
48.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
49.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
50.

In eukaryotes, which organelle is DNA found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

51.

What shape is DNA?

a)

a circle

b)

a triangle

c)

a double helix

52.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
53.

What is a gene?

a)

A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into

b)

something inside the nucleus

c)

a section/piece of DNA

d)

all of your DNA

54.

Guanine bonds with ______________ in DNA.

a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
55.

What is the name of this structure found in our nucleus?

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

ribosome

d)

DNA

56.

A section of DNA that codes for traits is called what?

a)

RNA

b)

Gene

c)

Ribosome

d)

Uracil

57.

What is the difference between RNA & DNA?

a)

DNA is the instructions, RNA is the messenger that helps build proteins

b)

RNA is the instructions, DNA is the messenger that helps build proteins

c)

DNA Is found in plants and animals, RNA is found in bacteria

58.

What is the correct pairing for DNA & RNA?

a)

T-A, A-T, C-G

b)

T-A, A-U, G-C

c)

T-U, A-T, G-C

d)

A-T, C-U, G-C

59.
What do we call the result of the genotype (for example, the color of the peas)?
a)
Visible traits
b)
Physiotrait
c)
Genotype 2
d)
Phenotype
60.
What do we call the table used to calculate the probability of an offspring's genotype?
a)
Punnett square
b)
Venn diagram
c)
Golden ratio
d)
Fibonacci sequence
61.

This type of allele is more likely to be prominent in offspring

a)

Dominant phenotype

b)

Dominant allele

c)

Recessive allele

d)

Recessive genotype

62.

This type of allele is less likely to be prominent (to show up) in offspring

a)

Dominant genotype

b)

Recessive allele

c)

Dominant allele

d)

Recessive phenotype

63.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
64.
Which is the correct phenotype for this organism?
a)
BB
b)
blue
c)
green
d)
bb
65.
What is the genotype for this organism?
(E= 3 eyes, e= 1 eye)
a)
EE
b)
Ee
c)
ee
d)
EE or Ee
66.
Which of the following terms refers to the different possibilities of a gene?
a)
chromosome
b)
DNA
c)
Punnett Squares
d)
allele
67.
A phenotype is the...
a)
letter combination
b)
dominant gene
c)
recessive gene
d)
physical appearance
68.
 Dominant alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
69.
 Recessive alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
70.
Tt is-
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
none of these
71.
If a pea plant were homozygous recessive for height, how would its alleles be represented?
a)
TT
b)
Tt
c)
tt
d)
tT
72.

Which represents the genotype of a homozygous condition? (Choose 2)

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

73.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
74.

The Corpse Flower mimics the smell of dead bodies. What primary benefit does this have?

a)

Deters predators

b)

Attracts flies which help to pollinate the flower

c)

It's not picked by humans so it can grow

d)

Attracts scavengers that eat and spread its seeds

75.
The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?
a)
Dark moth
b)
Light moth
c)
Both will be equally successful
d)
Neither will be successful
76.

How does the Trumpet Honeysuckle's shape help it reproduce?

a)

Hummingbirds are able to use their narrow beaks to drink the nectar and help pollinate other plants

b)

The narrow shape protects its pollen from being knocked off

c)

Bees climb into the flowers and are able to spread pollen when it falls off of them

77.

How does the leaf-tailed gecko's appearance lead to successful reproduction?

a)

Potential mates find his look appealing and reproduce with him

b)

The gecko blends in with his environment and is able to stay safe from predators, thereby living long enough to reproduce

c)

There are so many offspring produced that even if some don't stay alive, there are enough to maintain the population

d)

Potential mates are tricked into mating because of the gecko's camouflage

78.

If this beetle's habitat were to change to a mostly brown landscape due to wildfire, how would his chances of reproduction be affected?

a)

They would go down because he would be more visible and vulnerable to predators

b)

They would go up because potential mates would be able to see him better.

c)

They would go down because he would not be able to find food as easily

d)

They would go up because he wouldn't have as much competition for food

79.

Multiple factors influence the reproductive success of an animal. Select all that apply.

a)

genetics

b)

learned behaviors

c)

availability of food

d)

protection from predators

80.

What factors influence an animal's growth?

a)

genetic factors only

b)

environmental factors only

c)

no factors

d)

both genetic AND environmental

81.

The Articum lappa plant produces prickly burrs that grow on the ends of the stems. These burrs can easily catch on the fur of animals. This plant structure most likely benefits the plant in which of the following ways?

a)

Increases the plant's water absorption

b)

attracts animals to come near the plant

c)

keeps the plant warmer

d)

helps the plant transport its seeds

82.

Which of the following plant adaptations allows plants to use animals to transport their seed to new locations?

a)

Long vines

b)

Strong stems

c)

Sweet fruit

d)

Large leaves

83.

What is natural selection?

a)

inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival

b)

organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate

c)

a growing population causes a scarcity of resources

d)

differences in the DNA sequence

84.

When the Grand Canyon in Arizona formed, two populations of one squirrel species were separated by the giant canyon. This is an example of _____________ speciation.

a)

Allopatric

b)

Sympatric

c)

Simple

d)

Divergent

85.

A speciation in which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the SAME geographic region.

a)

Sympatric speciation

b)

Allopatric speciation

c)

Complex speciation

d)

Divergent speciation

86.
A  population of cockroaches was sprayed with an insecticide.  Some cockroaches survived and produced a population of cockroaches that was resistant to this spray.  What can BEST be inferred from this example?
a)
species will adapt no matter what the environment
b)
environment has no effect on the survival of an organism
c)
Individuals with favorable variations survive and reproduce
d)
Insecticides cause mutations that are passed on to the next generation
87.

Structures or behaviors that help an organism survive in its surroundings

a)

adaptations

b)

inherited traits

c)

learned behaviors

d)

structural behaviors

88.

Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.

a)

Extinction

b)

Genetic variation

c)

Natural Resources

d)

Evolution

89.
Formation of new species.
a)
Speciation
b)
Trait
c)
Fossil record
d)
Ancestor
90.

Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called survival of the fittest.

a)

Extinction

b)

Speciation

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Artificial Selection

91.

Humans have changed over time, including having variations in eye color. What is this an example of?

a)

Sympatric Speciation

b)

Macroevolution

c)

Microevolution

d)

Allopatric Speciation

92.

There are over 1,000 species of sharks. What is this an example of?

a)

Microevolution

b)

Allopatric Speciation

c)

Macroevolution

d)

Sympatric Speciation

93.

The process of choosing parent organisms for desired characteristics is called

a)

natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

random selection

d)

genetic manipulation

94.

Artificial selection has been a big factor in the evolution of:

a)

Dogs

b)

Panda bears

c)

Snakes

d)

Jellyfish

95.

Which statement is true comparing natural selection and artificial selection?

a)

In natural selection, traits benefit humans and in artificial selection, the traits benefit the species

b)

In natural selection, traits benefit the species and in artificial selection, the traits benefit humans

c)

In natural and artificial selection, the process takes hundreds of years to occur

d)

In natural and artificial selection, nature determines what traits will be passed down to offspring.

96.

What is an example of artificial selection?

a)

Letting dogs choose their own mate

b)

Letting plants pollinate on their own

c)

Crossing a labrador and a poodle to create a labradoodle

97.

The following is a similarity between artificial selection and natural selection

a)

Takes hundreds of years

b)

Humans determine traits

c)

Nature determines traits

d)

Offspring are produced

98.

Artificial selection is also known as

a)

natural selection

b)

selective hearing

c)

genetic manipulation

d)

selective breeding

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