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biology-9

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 2hrs 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When the mRNA sequence leave the nucleus, what organelle does it travel to?

a)

mitochondria

b)

smooth ER

c)

ribosome

d)

vacuole

2.

What does tRNA "transfer"?

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleic acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

AUG

3.

What do amino acids come together to join?

a)

a growing polypeptide chain (protein)

b)

a growing lipid

c)

a growing carbohydrate

d)

a growing nucleic acid

4.

codons are located on __________

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

snRNA

5.

anti-codons are located on __________

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

snRNA

6.

How many nucleotides make up a single codon?

a)

3

b)

5

c)

4

d)

1

7.

What sequence of mRNA always begins a new polypeptide chain?

a)

UAG

b)

AUG

c)

GAU

d)

UGA

8.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

9.

During Translation, mRNA is converted into a _______

a)

DNA

b)

Protein

c)

tRNA

d)

rRNA

10.
What is the mRNA strand that would be created from this DNA strand:
T A C A G G C C T
a)
A C G T C C G G A
b)
A U G U C C G G A
c)
T U G G G C C A T
d)
U T G U C C G G U
11.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
12.
This diagram shows the process of 
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
13.
What are the four bases found in DNA?
a)
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
b)
Uracil, Thymine, Adenine and Guanine
c)
Guanine, Phosphate, Adenine, Thymine
d)
Adenine, Uracil, Guanine and Cytosine
14.
What kind of sugar is found in DNA?
a)
Glucose
b)
Fructose
c)
Sucrose
d)
Deoxyribose
15.
The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Phosphodiester Bonds
c)
Glycolsyl Bonds
d)
Glycosidic Linkages
16.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
17.

Transcribe the following DNA strand: CTG AAT

a)

GAC TTA

b)

CTG AAT

c)

GAC UUA

d)

CUG AAU

18.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
19.
Which process is happening in this picture?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
20.

Composed of a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base. These are the building blocks of DNA.

a)

codon

b)

nucleotide

c)

protein

d)

amino acid

21.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

22.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

23.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
24.
Which of these bases does not exist in RNA?
a)
C
b)
T
c)
U
d)
A
25.
Identify the mutation in the picture.
a)
Inversion
b)
Duplication
c)
Deletion
d)
Translocation
26.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

27.

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Substitution Mutation

28.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base

is removed from the DNA sequence.

a)

Deletion Mutation

b)

Substitution Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Silent Mutation

29.

A frameshift mutation where a nucleotide base is added

to the DNA sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Substitution Mutation

d)

Chromosomal Mutation

30.

A point mutation where DNA adenine (A)

is replaced by thymine (T) resulting in a single amino acid change during translation(affects blood cell

shape and function)

a)

Encephelitis

b)

Hemophilia

c)

Sickle Cell Anemia

d)

Influenza

31.
The "on/off" switch for an operon is called the
a)
promoter
b)
repressor
c)
operator
d)
gene
32.

Operons are found in which of the following organisms?

a)

Bacteria(prokaryotes)

b)

plants and animals(eukaryotes)

c)

only animals

d)

virsuses

33.
This scientist came up with the idea of natural selection.
a)
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Thomas Malthus
34.
Inherited trait that helps an organism survive is a(n) __________.
a)
Fossil
b)
Adaptation
c)
Ancestor
d)
Natural selection
35.
Survival of the fittest or when favorable adaptations reproduce faster is called what?
a)
Evolution
b)
Adaptation
c)
Natural selection
d)
Fossilization
36.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
37.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
the wings of a red-tailed hawk
b)
the hind limbs of a house cat
c)
the fins of sharks
d)
the tailbone of a human
38.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
39.
Ostrich wings are examples of
a)
homologous structures
b)
vestigial structures
c)
adaptations
d)
traits
40.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
41.
The process in which organisms with traits well suited to an environment are more likely to survive and to produce offspring is
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Origin of Species
c)
Genetic Principles
d)
Trait Mechanism
42.

Evolution is

a)

the change in the genetic makeup of a population over successive generations

b)

the variation in genetic makeup or alleles within a population

43.

Genetic Diversity is increased through this process.

a)

Gene Flow

b)

Genetic Drift

44.

All of the genetic information found in a population

a)

population

b)

genetic drift

c)

evolution

d)

gene pool

45.

Select the right word for this definition:

"in biology, changes that happen over time in the gene pool of a population."

a)

evolution

b)

extinction

c)

mutation

46.

a trait that gives an organism an advantage in their particular environment

a)

overproduction

b)

adaptation

c)

selection

d)

variation

47.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
48.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
49.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
50.

Who developed the theory of evolution?

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Mike Tyson

c)

George Washington

d)

Patton Manning

51.

Which of these will be more successful in a cold region with NO snow? (think about the color that will be warmer)

a)
b)
c)
d)
52.

Who am I? I wrote Darwin about my theory of natural selection. He decided to publish his book before I could.

a)

John Hutton

b)

Charles Lyell

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

John Baptiste LaMarck

e)

Thomas Malthus

53.

Who am I? I wrote about human populations. Darwin built off of my research and came up with the idea of natural selection.

a)

John Hutton

b)

Charles Lyell

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

John Baptiste LaMarck

e)

Thomas Malthus

54.
_____ believed that organisms could pass down _____  characteristics 
a)
Jean Lamarck,  
b)
Georges Cuvier,  acquired 
c)
Jean Lamarck, acquired 
d)
Georges cuvier, New
55.

The idea that the earth is millions of years old gave Darwin the idea that evolution of species could happen.

a)

John Hutton and Charles Lyell

b)

Thomas Malthus

c)

Alfred Russel Wallace

d)

John Baptiste LaMarck

56.

Which of these is NOT a base in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Uracil

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

57.

Does a prokaryotic cell have a nucleus?

a)

Yes

b)

No

58.

How many hydrogen bonds connect A and T?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

59.

This enzyme "unzips" DNA during replication.

a)

helicase

b)

polymerase

c)

ligase

d)

amylase

60.

This enzyme adds nucleotides during replication.

a)

helicase

b)

polymerase

c)

ligase

d)

amylase

61.

This enzyme links pieces of newly made DNA - it seals the backbone between Okazaki fragments.

a)

helicase

b)

polymerase

c)

ligase

d)

amylase

62.

The fragments on the lagging strand that are made up of repeating segments of DNA and RNA Primers

a)

okazaki fragments

b)

Primase

c)

Polymerase

d)

unused DNA

63.

DNA polymerase moves in the _________ to ____________ direction

a)

3' to 5'

b)

easiest

c)

5" to 3"

d)

9 to 5

64.

Number 1 in the picture above

a)

Replication

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Primase

d)

Ligase

65.

#3 setting Primers

a)

Ligase

b)

Helicase

c)

Polymerase

d)

Primase

66.

#5

a)

Leading strand

b)

Lagging Strand

c)

Replication fork

d)

Helicase

67.

Entire Picture

a)

Lagging Strand

b)

Leading Strand

c)

Replication fork

d)

Okazaki Fragment

68.
A duplication process of cells 
a)
mitosis
b)
metaphase
c)
telophase
d)
prophase
69.
nucleus
a)
control center of the cell
b)
control center of the brain
c)
control center of the stomach
d)
HELP! He's driving me crazy!
70.
In mitosis, the end product is...
a)
2 haploid cells
b)
2 diploid cells
c)
4 haploid cells
d)
4 diploid cells
71.
The daughter cells in mitosis are...
a)
Identical
b)
Unique
72.
A jelly-like substance found inside a cell surrounding its organelles is
a)
cytokenisis
b)
cytoplasm
c)
mitosis
d)
epithelial
73.
Why is cell division important?
a)
all living things are made up of cells
b)
it replaces worn out cells
c)
it helps one celled organisms reproduce
d)
all are correct
74.
Cancer is the uncontrolled division of cells.
a)
True
b)
False
75.
Which is the correct order?
a)
C,D, B, A, F, E
b)
D,A,F,C,E,B
c)
B,E,C,F,A,D
d)
C,B,D,A E,F
76.
Which is Metaphase?
a)
A
b)
E
c)
C
d)
F
77.
This picture shows... 
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
78.
This picture shows... 
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
79.
In what stage are chromosomes separated and moved to opposite poles?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
80.
In what stage do chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
a)
prophase
b)
metaphase
c)
anaphase
d)
telophase
81.
The point on the chromosome where the two chromatids are held together is the
a)
centromere
b)
centriole
c)
chromosome
d)
chromatid
82.

True or False? Before cells undergo meiosis they pass through interphase first.

a)

true

b)

false

83.

What is unique to Prophase I- is that the duplicated chromosomes pair up to form _______.

a)

a centrosome

b)

a tetrad

c)

the mitotic spindle

d)

sister chromatids

84.

In which stage of MEIOSIS does crossing over occur? (The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes in a tetrad.)

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

85.

In Metaphase I, tetrads line up along the _______.

a)

mitotic spindle

b)

centrosomes

c)

equatorial plane

d)

contractile ring

86.

In Anaphase II, the _________ separate.

a)

Homologues

b)

Sister Chromatids

c)

Tetrads

d)

Centrioles

87.

Which of the following are CORRECT observations about the differences between MITOSIS and MEIOSIS? (Check all that apply.)

a)

Mitosis produces cells that identical to the parent cell.

b)

Meiosis produces cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

c)

All cells go through INTERPHASE as part of the cell cycle, whether it goes to mitosis or meiosis next.

d)

In both types of cell division, the chromosomes are only duplicated once.

e)

Only in Mitosis, do you see chromosomes pair up to form a tetrad.

88.

The products of MEIOSIS have _______ number of chromosomes.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

89.

How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis II?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

8

90.

The daughter cells produced by meiosis are also called __________.

a)

somatic cells

b)

stem cells

c)

germ cells

d)

gametes

91.

What is the purpose of meiosis?

a)

to help the organism grow

b)

to repair damaged cells

c)

to heal injuries

d)

to create diversity in offspring

92.

Which phase does the image represent?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

93.

Amount of A=T and G=C

a)

Chargaff

b)

Franklin

c)

Watson and Crick

d)

Hershey and Chase

94.

What is genetic transformation?

a)

A prokaryotic cell turning into a eukaryotic cell

b)

Foreign DNA being inserted into a plasmid

c)

A host organism taking in foreign DNA

d)

A gene being mutated

95.

The observation that one bacteria can pick up traits from another to change its characteristics or traits.

a)

Transformation

b)

bacteriophage

c)

O. Avery

d)

F. Griffith

e)

Hershey & Chase

96.

A virus that attacks bacteria

a)

Transformation

b)

bacteriophage

c)

O. Avery

d)

F. Griffith

e)

Hershey & Chase

97.

Conducted experiments that use viruses to demonstrate that DNA carries genetic information.

a)

Transformation

b)

bacteriophage

c)

O. Avery

d)

F. Griffith

e)

Hershey & Chase

98.

Conducted experiments that used the process of elimination to determine that DNA is the genetic information.

a)

Transformation

b)

bacteriophage

c)

O. Avery

d)

F. Griffith

e)

Hershey & Chase

99.

What type of bonds holds the sugar phosphate backbone together?

a)

Ionic Bond

b)

Covalent Bond

c)

Hydrogen bond

100.

Bacteriophages are…

a)

Viruses

b)

Prions

c)

Bacteria

d)

Viroids

101.

The bacteriophages infected ____ host cells:

a)

E.Coli

b)

Salmonella typhimurium

c)

Staphylococci

d)

Clostridium tetani

102.

Concentration of ____ is high in proteins

a)

Phosphorus 37

b)

Phosphorus 32

c)

Sulfur

d)

Carbon

103.

Concentration of ____ is high in DNA

a)

Sulfur

b)

Carbon

c)

Phosphorus-37

d)

Phosphorus-32

104.

What was directly quantitatively measured in Hershey and Chase experiment?

a)

Number of bacterium

b)

Radiation concentration

c)

amount of protein

d)

concentration of phosphorus

105.

Created models of DNA

a)

Chargaff

b)

Franklin

c)

Watson and Crick

d)

Hershey and Chase

106.

Alone, R-bacteria caused pneumonia.

a)

true

b)

false

107.

Bacteria can steal genes from other bacteria.

a)

true

b)

false

108.

What type(s) of bacteria did Frederick Griffith work with?

a)

Heat-killed smooth pneumonia

b)

Smooth pneumonia

c)

Heat-killed rough pneumonia

d)

Rough pneumonia

109.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with the rough pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

110.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with heat-killed smooth pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

111.

What occurred when Griffith injected a mouse with the smooth pneumonia?

a)

The mouse lived

b)

The mouse died

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