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Earth Science T1 Final Review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Intrusive Igneous rocks will be 
a)
coarse grain
b)
fine grain
2.
If an Igneous rock is dark-colored, what is the amount of silica?
a)
high
b)
low
c)
doesn't matter
3.
Where is magma?
a)
inside 
b)
outside
4.
If a rock is formed from lava, what will the grains be?
a)
coarse
b)
fine
5.
How do Intrusive Igneous rocks cool?
a)
quickly
b)
slowly
c)
really fast
6.
Extrusive forms _________crystals
a)
small
b)
large
7.
The process by which igneous rocks are formed...
a)
heat and pressure deep underneath earth's surface
b)
melting and cooling of magma
c)
compaction and cementation of sediments
8.
The type of igneous rock formed depends on all of the following EXCEPT _____.
a)
the amount of dissolved gases in magma
b)
where the rocks are formed and the rate at which it cooled
c)
the amount of weathering and erosion the rock has been through
d)
the mineral composition of the magma
9.

This is a type of igneous rock that is high in silica

a)

Mafic

b)

Felsic

c)

Mineral

d)

Silicon

10.

This is a type of igneous rock that is rich in magnesium and iron

a)

Mineral

b)

Felsic

c)

Mafic

d)

Magnesium

11.

When magma cools IN the earth's crust and crystals are formed

a)

lava

b)

Intrinsic

c)

Extrinsic

d)

Cooling Effect

12.

When lava cools ON the earth's surface

a)

Intrinsic

b)

Extrinsic

c)

Cooling Effect

d)

Mineral Production

13.

A small cavity in an igneous rock causes this rock texture

(holes in the rock)

a)

Sponge

b)

Intrusive

c)

Extrusive

d)

Vesicular

14.

The photograph below shows an outcrop where a light-colored, igneous rock is cross cut by a dark-colored, igneous rock.

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

15.

Which process lead directly to the formation of igneous rock?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

16.

Which texture best describes an igneous rock that formed deep underground?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

17.

What is the color and type of rock that forms oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges?

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

18.

Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed

a)

a

b)

b

c)

c

d)

d

19.

Mineral physical characteristics depend on their (external, internal) arrangement of atoms.

a)

external

b)

internal

20.

Color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, crystal form = (physical, chemical) properties of minerals

a)

physical

b)

chemical

21.

Rocks and minerals = (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere)

a)

atmosphere

b)

hydrosphere

c)

lithosphere

22.

Fracture = (flat sides, jagged edges)

a)

flat sides

b)

jagged edges

23.

Cleavage = (flat sides, jagged edges)

a)

flat sides

b)

jagged edges

24.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
25.

Which mineral can scratch A, B, and C, but cannot scratch D?

a)

Talc

b)

Fluorite

c)

Quartz

d)

Selenite Gypsum

26.

Mineral D is most likely...

a)

Galena

b)

Garnet

c)

Olivine

d)

Halite

27.

The table above provides information about four minerals, A through D. Mineral A is most likely...

a)

Galena

b)

Garnet

c)

Olivine

d)

Halite

28.

Which texture best describes an igneous rock that formed deep underground?

a)

glassy

b)

fine grained

c)

vesicular

d)

coarse grained

29.

Which mineral has a different color in its powdered form than its original form?

a)

A) pyrite

b)

B) kaomite

c)

C) graphite

d)

D) magnetite

30.

Which mineral contains iron, has a metallic luster, is hard, and has the same color and streak?

a)

A) biotite mica

b)

B) kaolinite

c)

C) galena

d)

D) magnetite

31.

The diagram represents a model of Earth’s surface and internal structure. Letters A, B, C, and D represent four different layers. Some depths below Earth’s surface are shown. Which Earth layer is inferred to be composed of solid nickel and iron?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

32.
At which depth below Earth’s surface is the interface between Earth’s outer core and stiffer mantle located?
a)
700 km
b)
2900 km
c)
2000 km
d)
5100 km
33.
Scientists have classified Earth’s interior into the known layers based primarily on evidence gained by studying
a)
deep drill cores
b)
volcanic eruptions
c)
gravity measurements
d)
earthquake seismic waves
34.
According to the plate tectonics theory, the Peru-Chile Trench and the Andes Mountains formed along the west coast of South American because the South American Plate
a)
collided with the Nazca Plate
b)
collided with the North American Plate
c)
slid away from the Nazca Plate
d)
slid away from the North American Plate
35.
The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
a)
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
b)
density differences in the troposphere
c)
convection currents in the asthenosphere
d)
solidification in the lithosphere
36.
Which features are commonly formed at the plate boundaries where continental crust converges with oceanic crust?
a)
large volcanic mountain ranges parallel to the coast at the center of the continents
b)
A deep ocean trench and a continental volcanic mountain range near the coast
c)
An underwater volcanic mountain range and rift valley on the ocean ridge near the coast
d)
Long chains of mid-ocean volcanic islands perpendicular to the coast
37.

The map to the right shows the continents of Africa and South America, the ocean between them, and the ocean ridge and transform faults. Locations A and D are on the continents. Locations B and C are on the ocean floor. The oldest basaltic crust is most likely located at point

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

38.
How many seismic stations must report seismogram information in order to locate an epicenter?
a)
One
b)
Two
c)
Three
d)
Four
39.
The crust and uppermost part of the mantle make up which layer of Earth?
a)
inner core
b)
asthenosphere
c)
lithosphere
d)
upper mantle
40.
Who proposed the idea of continental drift?
a)
Alfred Wegener
b)
Thomas Edison
c)
Aristotle
d)
Albert Einstein
41.
At what type of boundary is a subduction zone formed?
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
strike-slip
42.
The San Andreas fault formed due to a ___ boundary.
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
43.
An example of a hot spot is ___
a)
Appalachian Mountains
b)
San Andreas Fault
c)
Hawaii
d)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
44.
Continental-continental convergence produces ___
a)
subduction zone
b)
folded mountains
c)
rift valley
d)
sea-floor spreading
45.
The spot on Earth's surface right above where the earthquake occurs is called the
a)
focus
b)
epicenter
c)
fracture
d)
fissure
46.
What feature is labeled B in Figure 9-1?
a)
trench
b)
ocean ridge
c)
Volcanic Island Arc
d)
Continental Volcanic Arc
47.
Use the latitude/longitude map below to answer the next few questions.

What is the location of point B?
a)
60° W, 120° N
b)
60° N, 120°E
c)
60° N, 120° W
d)
60° S, 120° N
48.

Which city is closest to the epicenter?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

49.

Which seismogram represents a city that is far from the epicenter of an earthquake?

a)

New York, NY

b)

Nome, Alaska

c)

Guadalajara, Mexico

50.

5. Which type of wave travels the fastest?

a)

Primary Wave

b)

Secondary Wave

c)

Long Wave

51.

S-waves can move through which of the following?

a)

Gas

b)

Liquid

c)

Solid

d)

All of these

52.

How do scientists know that the outer core is a liquid?

a)

P waves do not travel through the outer core but S waves do.

b)

S waves do not travel through the outer core but P waves do.

c)

P waves and S waves do not travel through the outer core.

d)

P waves and S waves travel through the outer core.

53.
The huge pieces of the earth's crust are called ____________________________. 
a)
crust
b)
plates
c)
directions
d)
seismos
54.
An INTRUSIVE igneous rock with large crystals is formed:
a)
When magma cools quickly. 
b)
At the bottom of the ocean. 
c)
When magma cools slowly, allowing time for crystals to grow. 
d)
At the top of a mountain. 
55.
Which will most likely form when movement along a plate boundary forces a landmass to be pulled apart? 
a)
volcanic island arc
b)
continental mountains
c)
continental rift
d)
oceanic trench 
56.
The major greenhouse gas(es)
a)
carbon dioxide and water vapor
b)
aerosols/CFC's
c)
manure
d)
sulfur dioxide
57.
The hydrosphere covers approximately what percentage of Earth’s lithosphere?
a)
100%
b)
70%
c)
50% 
d)
25% 
58.
In sea-floor spreading the newest rock is found
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
trench
c)
abyssal plain
59.
What type of plate boundary created the Himalaya mountains?
a)
Continent-Continent Divergent
b)
Continent-Ocean Convergent
c)
Ocean-Ocean Convergent
d)
Continent-Continent Convergent
60.

Which layer of Earth's interior is inferred to be composed of solid iron and nickel?

a)

asthenosphere

b)

stiffer mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

61.

As altitude increases in the troposphere and stratosphere, the air temperature...

a)


decreases in the troposphere and increases in the stratosphere

b)


decreases in both the troposphere and stratosphere

c)

increases in the troposphere and decreases in the stratosphere

d)

increases in both the troposphere and stratosphere

62.

Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is

a)

more dense and mafic

b)

more dense and felsic

c)

less dense and mafic

d)

less dense and felsic

63.

The San Andreas Fault, in the Western United States, is an example of a

a)

transform plate boundary

b)

divergent plate boundary

c)

convergent plate boundary

d)

complex plate boundary

64.

Earth's crustal bedrock at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is composed mostly of

a)

basalt, with a density of 2.7 g/cm3

b)

basalt, with a density of 3.0 g/cm3

c)

granite, with a density of 2.7 g/cm3

d)

granite, with a density of 3.0 g/cm3

65.

Most ozone is found in a region of Earth's atmosphere between 10 and 20 miles above Earth's surface. This temperature zone of the atmosphere is known as the

a)

thermosphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

troposhpere

66.

What is the approximate location of the Tasman Hot Spot in the Pacific Ocean

a)

36oN 160oW

b)

36oS 160oE

c)

160oN 36oW

d)

160oS 36oE

67.

Which mineral is commonly used as the "lead" in pencils?

a)

pyrite

b)

graphite

c)

galena

d)

fluorite

68.

The layer of bedrock near the Earth's surface that forms a continuous shell around the Earth is called the

a)

troposphere

b)

stratosphere

c)

lithosphere

d)

hydrosphere

69.

In which atmospheric temperature zone does most precipitation occur?

a)

thermosphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

troposphere

70.

Which mineral property is the least reliable when identifying a mineral?

a)

luster

b)

color

c)

streak

d)

density

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