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Ecology 1.6

Total questions: 108

Worksheet time: 3hrs 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
2.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
3.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
4.
Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
5.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
6.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
90%
7.
Which of the following leads to a decrease in biodiversity?
a)
protection of ecosystems
b)
pollution control
c)
selective cutting
d)
introduction of exotic or invasive species
8.
In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...
a)
primary consumer
b)
secondary consumer
c)
tertiary consumer
d)
producer
9.

What is the correct order for this food chain?

a)

Owl, Mouse, Grasshopper, Grass

b)

Grass, Mouse, Owl, Grasshopper

c)

Grass, Owl, Grasshopper, Mouse

d)

Grass, Grasshopper, Mouse, Owl

10.

Volcano erupting would be an example of what type of succession?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

11.

All of the biotic and abiotic factors.

a)

community

b)

ecosystem

c)

population

12.

symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit

a)

competition

b)

mutualism

c)

predation

d)

commensalism

13.

What are plants that convert energy from the sun called?

a)

decomposer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

producer

14.
The shrew provides energy for the _______?
a)
cricket
b)
grasshopper
c)
frog
d)
snake
15.
Which of the following illustrates the correct ordering of trophic levels?
a)
decomposers-carnivores-autotrophs-herbivores
b)
herbivores-autotrophs-carnivores-decomposers
c)
producers-herbivores-carnivores-decomposers
d)
carnivores-producers-omnivores
16.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
17.

Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increases so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?

a)

Rabbits have a high death rate.

b)

There are few effective predators.

c)

Additional rabbit species have been introduced.

d)

There is an increase in rabbit competitors.

18.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
19.
Consumer that eats plants
a)
heterotroph
b)
herbivore
c)
producer
d)
community
20.
Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
a)
foodweb
b)
consumer
c)
food chain
d)
omnivore
21.
Organisms that relies on other organisms for food; consumer
a)
herbivore
b)
decomposer
c)
heterotroph
d)
species
22.
All the organisms in a particular location, including their nonliving environment
a)
ecosystem
b)
carnivore
c)
niche
d)
population
23.
What does fungi do to dead plants and animals?
a)
Leave them there
b)
Decompose them
c)
Wait for other animals to eat them
d)
Move away
24.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
25.
Which of the following leads to a decrease in biodiversity?
a)
protection of ecosystems
b)
pollution control
c)
selective cutting
d)
introduction of exotic or invasive species
26.
___________________ washes agricultural wastes, including animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides, into bodies of water, causing algae to grow.
a)
Runoff
b)
Peak flow
c)
Groundwater
d)
Municipal sewage
27.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of algal bloom?

a)

Humans dumped their trash directly into the pond, causing the water to become unclean

b)

A seasonal algal cycle caused the water to have too many organisms living in it

c)

Fertilizers from nearby fields drained into the pond, causing an excess of nutrients

d)

Acid rain transported pollution from nearby bodies of water through the water cycle.

28.
An organism that cannot adapt to changes in the environment will most likely - 
a)
produce more offspring
b)
die
c)
change its traits to survive
d)
store more food
29.
All of the following are examples of environmental changes that can be caused by humans except - 
a)
clearing land for housing developments
b)
pesticides
c)
volcanic eruption
d)
pollution
30.
Scientists gathered the following data on lizard populations for several years. The results are shown in the table. Which environmental factor most likely contributes to the change in lizard population? 
a)
increase in available water and food
b)
increase in shelter
c)
increase in predators
d)
increase in light
31.
In the 1850s, Thomas Austin released approximately twenty-four rabbits from Europe into the Australian countryside. By 1900, tens of millions of rabbits were found all over the Australian continent. The warm Australian climate, abundant farmland, and crops provided the perfect habitat for the rabbits. The rabbits caused extensive damage to all vegetation, and the lack of plants increased soil erosion. Why were the rabbits so successful? 
a)
the rabbits competed with local herbivores for food
b)
the rabbits did not have natural predators
c)
erosion of soil benefited the rabbits
d)
diseases helped decrease rabbit populations
32.
A giraffe’s niche is feeding on the canopy of trees.  What physical biological trait must the giraffes keep in order to support this niche?
a)
a long neck
b)
small antenna
c)
short ears
d)
large brown spots
33.
This figure shows three warblers with different niches in a spruce tree habitat.  The warblers are feeding in different areas of the tree which allows them to avoid _
a)
competing with one another for food
b)
establishing a strict territory from one another
c)
creating a symbiotic relationship with one another
d)
caring for their young by supplying food
34.

An ______ includes all living and nonliving things together in an area.

a)

population

b)

ecosystem

c)

consumers

d)

producers

35.
First species to arrive in an area
a)
invasive species
b)
abiotic components
c)
pioneer species
d)
parasites
36.
Series of changes where other organisms have not previously lived
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
37.
Series of changes where an existing community is destroyed
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
38.
Stable, final stage of succession
a)
adaptation
b)
pioneer species
c)
niche
d)
climax community
39.
First species occuring in areas of primary succession are mosses and
a)
grasses
b)
wildflowers
c)
trees
d)
lichens
40.
Succession type?
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
tertiary succession
d)
variable succession
41.
Succession type?
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
tertiary succession
d)
variable succession
42.
Plant life starting to grow on a volcano
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
tertiary succession
d)
variable succession
43.
Individual plants or animals in a population with certain desired traits are chosen by breeders, farmers, or ranchers to mate. The people hope to get the desired traits in the offspring.
a)
Natural selection
b)
Selective breeding
c)
Gene flow
d)
Mutations
44.

Individuals in a population that have the traits needed to survive in the environment get to survive and reproduce. Their offspring inherit those traits. Over time, a greater percentage of the population will have those successful traits.

a)

Natural selection

b)

Selective breeding

c)

Artificial selection

d)

Mutations

45.

The process of natural selection leads to genetic change in a population.

Which factor causes the population to change in natural selection?

a)

Environmental conditions or challenges

b)

Individual choice

c)

Human intervention

d)

Migration over long distances

46.

Selective breeding leads to genetic change in a population.

Which factor causes the population to change in selective breeding?

a)

Environmental conditions or challenges

b)

Individual choice

c)

Human intervention

d)

Migration over long distances

47.

The coral snakes that were able to survive the summer drought reproduced. Their offspring will likely be able to tolerate drought.


Natural selection [or] Selective breeding?

a)

Natural selection

b)

Selective breeding

48.

Random changes in the DNA are -

a)

Natural selection

b)

Mutations

c)

Adaptations

d)

Genetic migration

49.

You see a bird with a tweezer beak, what type of food would this bird MOST LIKELY eat?

a)

meat

b)

nectar

c)

seeds

d)

snakes

50.

The coloring and markings of an animal that help it to blend in with its surroundings is _______________________.

a)

camouflage

b)

mimicry

c)

prey

d)

behavior

51.

Birds from the north migrate to the South to _______________.

a)

Sleep through the cold winter months

b)

Find food in warmer regions during the winter

c)

Sleep through the hot summer months

d)

Go on vacation

52.

Grizzly bears hunt salmon (fish) from a mountain stream. Which statement is true about the bear and the salmon (fish)?

a)

They both migrate

b)

They are both water animals

c)

The salmon is prey for the bear

d)

The bear is prey for the salmon.

53.

What is a way an eagle has adapted to help it get food?

a)

Small beak for seeds

b)

Webbed feet to swim

c)

Sharp talons to grab prey

d)

Oil on its feathers to help it shed water.

54.

Which of the following animals hibernates?

a)

Cat

b)

Duck

c)

Alligator

d)

Brown Bat

55.

A harmless fly looks just like a wasp. What adaptation does the harmless fly have?

a)

Hibernation

b)

Waterproof Skin

c)

Camouflage

d)

Mimicry

56.

Hibernation is an example of _______________.

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Migration

c)

Physical Adaptation

d)

Camouflage

57.

Thick fur and blubber are examples of __________________.

a)

Behavioral adaptations

b)

Physical Adaptations

c)

Camouflage

d)

Hibernation

58.

A giraffe has a long neck to reach the leaves at the tops of high trees. The giraffe's long neck is an example of a ____________________.

a)

Physical Adaptation

b)

Habitat

c)

Behavioral Adaptaion

d)

Camouflage

59.

A stick bug looks exactly like the sticks and tree branches that it lives on. This is an example of ___________________.

a)

Hibernation

b)

Mimicry

c)

Migration

d)

Behavioral Adaptation

60.

Which of the following adaptations would be common to animals living in cold climates?

a)

Thick fur

b)

Large Wings

c)

Bright Coloration

d)

Storing water in their body

61.

Elephants have abnormally large ears for their size. What is the most important function of a rabbit's big ears?

a)

They attract other elephants in order to mate

b)

They are used as an energy source when food is hard to find.

c)

They help the elephant remain balanced as it walks around

d)

They act like giant fans to cool the elephant down when it's hot.

62.

A chameleon turns green to blend in with the green leaves of a tree it is walking on. This is an example of ________________.

a)

Hibernation

b)

Migration

c)

Prey

d)

Camouflage

63.

The last stage of ecological succession where an area is in balance and equilibrium is known as the _____________ _________________.

a)

Primary Community

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Climax Community

d)

Last Stage

64.

When an area is burned in a forest fire, and then plants and animals begin to return to the burned area, this is called

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Pioneer Species

d)

Climax Community

65.

In ___________, soil begins to form when lichens and weather break down volcanic rock into smaller pieces.

a)

pioneer species

b)

primary succession

c)

secondary succession

d)

climax community

66.

_____________ is a normal, gradual change that occurs in the types of species living in an area.

a)

Climax Community

b)

Biome

c)

Succession

d)

Pioneer Species

67.

Species that form somewhere else that enters and disrupts a native ecosystem

a)

artificial reefs

b)

global warming

c)

invasive species

d)

climate change

68.

Man-made underwater structure that promotes the growth of reef dwelling organisms

a)

runoff

b)

the oceans

c)

human dependency

d)

artificial reefs

69.

A steady increase of Earth’s average temperatures

a)

climate change

b)

global warming

c)

over-fishing

d)

human activities

70.

Taking more fish out of an ecosystem than can be replaced by natural processes

a)

invasive species

b)

human dependency

c)

over-fishing

d)

human activites

71.

Rainfall and surface water that drains or flows from land into streams, rivers, lakes or the oceans

a)

over-fishing

b)

runoff

c)

global warming

d)

artificial reefs

72.

Permanently alter ecosystems

a)

climate change

b)

global warming

c)

human dependency

d)

human activities

73.

What do we depend on the ocean for?

a)

Food

b)

Oxygen

c)

Transportation

d)

All of the above

74.

What are some positive things that we can do to help ocean ecosystems?

a)

Over-fishig

b)

creating artificial reefs

c)

Recycle

d)

Both B and C

75.

The process of taking fish out of the ocean before they have a chance to reproduce is called?

a)

Invasive species

b)

Over-fishing

c)

Artificial reefs

d)

Recycling

76.

A species that enters an area from somewhere else and causes disruptions to the native ecosystem?

a)

Over-fishing

b)

Artificial reefs

c)

Invasive species

d)

Runoff

77.

coming after, the next generation

a)

Subsequent populations

b)

Previous populations

c)

Communities

d)

Populations

78.

the variety of life in the world, a habitat, or an ecosystem

a)

Biology

b)

Biodiversity

c)

Ecology

d)

Ecosystem

79.

having no living members

a)

Extinct

b)

Extinguish

c)

Dead

d)

Remote

80.

the range of conditions an organism can withstand

a)

Adaptation

b)

Tolerance

c)

Mutation

d)

Capacity

81.

Leon made a study chart about human-induced changes to the environment.


Which headings best complete the chart?

a)

X: Habitat Destruction

Y: Pollution

b)

X: Long-Term Changes

Y: Short-Term Changes

c)

X: Short-Term Changes

Y: Long-Term Changes

d)

X: Pollution

Y: Habitat Destruction

82.

A lake is drained and filled in order to make room for a new housing development. This is an example of _____________________________.

a)

eutrophication

b)

habitat destruction

c)

nonnative species introduction

d)

deforestation

83.

What does the root "bio" mean...

a)

living

b)

nonliving

c)

toxic

d)

variety

84.

What does the root "diversity" mean...

a)

living

b)

nonliving

c)

toxic

d)

variety

85.

How do biodiversity and stability work together?

a)

The lower the biodiversity the greater the stability of an ecosystem.

b)

The higher the biodiversity, the less stable the ecosystem

c)

The higher the biodiversity, the greater the stability of the ecosystem.

d)

Biodiversity has nothing to do with ecosystem stability.

86.
High biodiversity is 
a)
having a lot of the same organism.
b)
having a few of the same organism.
c)
having a lot of variety of different organisms.
d)
only having one of each organism. 
87.

In this food web example you can see that rain forests have many producers consumer and predators. How would you describe the rain forest biome?

a)

It has high biodiversity

b)

It has low biodiversity.

88.

Which ecosystem below has the HIGHEST biodiversity?

a)
b)
c)
89.
All energy on Earth ultimately comes from what source?
a)
Water
b)
Sun
c)
Consumers
d)
Oxygen
90.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
91.
An organism that uses sunlight to create its own food is known as a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
92.
What does a food chain represent?
a)
How all living organisms within a habitat are connected.
b)
All of the things that a particular animal eats.
c)
How plants create their own food.
d)
A single path of energy transfer within a habitat.
93.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
94.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
95.
Why might an organism have more than one arrow coming from them in a food web?
a)
More than one organism may eat them. 
b)
They may eat more than one other organism. 
c)
This organism gets its energy from multiple sources. 
d)
They have no resources available to them.
96.
The largest group of organisms found in a food web would be:
a)
Primary Consumers
b)
Producers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Tertiary Consumers
97.
What may happen if the snowshoe hare was removed from the food web pictured?
a)
The insects in the habitat would increase.
b)
The shrew population would decrease due to being only hawk food source.
c)
The willow tree population would decrease.
d)
Foxes would dies due to no food source. 
98.
The rabbit in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Decomposer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
99.
The fox in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Tertiary Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Secondary Consumer
d)
Primary Consumer
100.
The mouse in this food web would be considered a:
a)
Primary Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Tertiary Consumer
d)
Secondary Consumer
101.
The image provided is an example of a:
a)
Producer
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Decomposer
102.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Autotroph
b)
Carnivore
c)
Herbivore
d)
Decomposer
103.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Carnivore
b)
Herbivore
c)
Producer
d)
Autotroph
104.

Passing of energy, in the form of food, from one organism to another

a)

food cycle

b)

food network

c)

food chain

d)

food system

105.

Consumer that eats both plants and animals

a)

omnivore

b)

fungivore

c)

carnivore

d)

herbivore

106.
TRUE  or FALSE: Food webs are several food chains that are linked together.
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
107.
What does the arrow mean in a food chain or food web?
a)
An organism comes next
b)
Gets eaten by
c)
Go left
d)
Go right
108.

Identify the producer in the image above.

a)

Grass

b)

Grasshopper

c)

Frog

d)

Snake

e)

Eagle

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