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AP Biology - Unit 2

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which kind of cell is prokaryotic, may or may not have a cell wall, and has no membrane bound organelles?

a)

Animal

b)

Bacteria

c)

Fungi

d)

Plant

2.

Cell organelle found in all cells that manufactures proteins.

(a)  

3.

Major component of the lipid bilayer cell membrane.

a)

Cholesterol

b)

Channel Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Glycolipid/glycoprotein complexes

4.

The hydrophilic head of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

a)

Loves, polar

b)

Loves, nonpolar

c)

Hates, polar

d)

Hates, nonpolar

5.

The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

a)

Loves, polar

b)

Loves, nonpolar

c)

Hates, polar

d)

Hates, nonpolar

6.

Because the cell membrane is composed of many small parts that move together as a system, it is said to be _____ _____ (two words).

(a)  

7.

Select any substances that can simply diffuse through the cell membrane.

a)

Oxygen gas

b)

Sugar

c)

Charged ions

d)

Small

e)

Charged

8.

The diffusion of water through the cell membrane along its own concentration gradient is known as (a)   .

9.

Select all forms of cell transport that require ATP energy.

a)

Facilitated diffusion

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Active Transport

10.

The use of a protein pump (ions like Na+, K+, H+, etc.) is an example of ___ because ___.

a)

exocytosis; ions are moved out of the cell

b)

active transport; ATP is required

c)

facilitated diffusion; a protein is needed for transport

d)

endocytosis; ions are moved into the cell

11.

Because cell membranes only allow certain substances to pass through them, they're said to be (a)   .

12.

This cell is experiencing which kind of situation?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

13.

In this kind of situation, the *initial* concentration of water is greatest _____________ the cell.

a)

Inside of

b)

Outside of

14.

In this kind of situation, water will move _____ the cell, causing it to ___________.

a)

into, swell

b)

out of, swell

c)

into, shrink

d)

out of, shrink

15.

Because cell function is so heavily dependent on effectively transporting materials across the cell membrane, cell size is limited due to the need for a (a)   ratio of surface area to volume.

16.

The point of organelles such as the mitochondria, golgi, ER, etc. all having membranes is to ...

a)

Provide extra protection to those critical organelles

b)

Increase surface area for materials transport

c)

Prevent hazardous materials from escaping the organelles and damaging the rest of the cell

d)

All of the above

17.

Which organelle uses digestive enzymes to break down old cellular components and/or invading bacteria/virsus and recycles those components to other organelles for use in building new macromolecules?

a)

Gap junction

b)

Nucleus

c)

Golgi Body

d)

Lysosome

18.

This theory states that membrane bound organelles evolved from once free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed to compose the eukaryotic cells that we observe today.

(a)  

19.

Who is the (ATP producing, glycolysis/krebs cycle running) powerhouse of the cell?

(a)  

20.

Select all forms of passive transport below.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

e)

Osmosis

21.

Facilitated diffusion occurs when what kind(s) of molecules require a channel or carrier protein to enter the cell membrane?

a)

small, non-polar

b)

large, non-polar

c)

small, polar

d)

large, polar

22.

Which substance would most easily pass through the cell membrane?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Glucose

c)

Sodium ions

d)

Water

23.

During osmosis, water always moves from an area of ____ solute concentration to ____ solute concentration.

a)

high, high

b)

high, low

c)

low, low

d)

low, high

24.
Define Surface area
a)
The total area on the surface of an object
b)
Length X Width 
c)
6 X (length X width)
d)
Add up the sides and divide by 4
25.
The amount of space something takes up is called the.... 
a)
Surface area
b)
Perimeter 
c)
Volume
d)
Weight
26.
For cells to stay alive they require what type of SA:V?
a)
Large SA, Large V
b)
Small SA, Large V
c)
Large SA, Small V
d)
Small SA, Small V
27.
High Surface area to volume ratio allows cells to do what quickly?
a)
Move materials around inside the cell
b)
Move materials in and out of the cell 
c)
Communicate to other cells
d)
Divide
28.
Microvilli are tiny projections that extend off the cell to increase the Surface Area.  What purpose might that serve? 
a)
Increased absorption
b)
Better communication among cells
c)
Maintain homeostasis 
d)
Decreased oxygen use
29.

What type of relationship is seen between increased surface area (x axis) & the rate or speed at which things move in and out of the cell (y axis)?

a)

Constant

b)

Direct

c)

Indirect

30.

Which cells are more efficient at obtaining nutrients?

a)

Small Cells

b)

Medium Size Cells

c)

Large Cells

d)

X-Large Cells

31.
The amount of nutrients needed is determined by...
a)
The cell's volume
b)
The cell's surface area
c)
The cell's Rough ER
d)
The cell's Smooth ER
32.
What is another term for "selectively permeable"?
a)
porous
b)
completely permeable
c)
permanent
d)
semipermeable
33.
Which of the following is NOT part of the cell membrane?
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
34.
Part of the plasma membrane responsible for cell recognition... 
a)
C
b)
E
c)
B
d)
D
35.
The function of the plasma membrane is....
a)
to regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
fight bacteria and viruses that enter the cell.
c)
provide rigid support and protection to the cell.
d)
make sure each cell can move
36.
Hydrophilic means...
a)
water-loving
b)
water-fearing
c)
nonpolar
d)
lipid soluble
37.
Biological membranes are composed primarily of 
a)
nucleotides and nucleosides
b)
enzymes, electron acceptors, and electron donors
c)
monosaccharides and diasaccharides
d)
lipids
38.
The compounds in biological membranes that form a barrier to the movement of hydrophilic materials across the membrane are 
a)
integral membrane proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
peripheral membrane proteins
39.
In biological membranes, the phospholipids are arranged in a _______, with the_______.
a)
bilayer; fatty acids pointing toward each other
b)
bilayer; fatty acids facing outward
c)
single layer; fatty acids facing the interior of the cell
d)
single layer; phosphorus-containing region facing the interior of the cell
40.
A characteristic of plasma membranes that helps them fuse during vesicle formation and phagocytosis is the
a)
ratio of one protein molecule for every 25 phospholipid molecules
b)
capacity of lipids to associate and maintain a bilayer organization
c)
constant length of the fatty acid chain and the degree of saturation
d)
ability of phospholipid molecules to flip over and trade places with other phospholipid molecules
41.
Which statement about cholesterol molecules is true?
a)
They help hold a membrane together.
b)
They alter the fluidity of the membrane.
c)
They attach to carbohydrates.
d)
They disrupt membrane function.
42.
The plasma membranes of winter wheat are able to remain fluid when it is extremely cold by
a)
synthesizing new forms of cholesterol
b)
closing protein channels
c)
decreasing the number of hydrophobic proteins present
d)
replacing saturated fatty acids with unsaturated fatty acids
43.
Which type of membrane protein would likely be most easily removed in a laboratory experiment?
a)
Integral membrane proteins
b)
Channel proteins
c)
Peripheral membrane proteins
d)
Transmembrane proteins
44.
A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely 
a)
a peripheral membrane protein
b)
a phospholipid
c)
an enzyme.
d)
a transmembrane protein
45.
The LDL receptor is an integral membrane protein that crosses the plasma membrane, with portions of the protein extending both outside and into the interior of the cell. The amino acid side chains (R groups) in the region of the protein that crosses the membrane are most likely
a)
charged
b)
hydrophilic
c)
hydrophobic
d)
carbohydrates
46.
The hydrophilic regions of a membrane protein are most likely
a)
present only in muscle cells
b)
associated with the fatty acid region of the lipids
c)
either on the surface or inserted into the interior of the membrane
d)
exposed on the surface of the membrane
47.
Plasma membranes are relatively impermeable to water-soluble molecules because
a)
the membranes are waxy
b)
water molecules are nonpolar
c)
their bilayer is comprised of phospholipids
d)
they have salt crystals embedded within them
48.
Which of the following functions as a recognition site for interactions between cells?
a)
Phospholipids
b)
Cholesterol 
c)
Fatty acids
d)
Glycolipids
49.
Which of the following is not one of the functional roles of membrane proteins?
a)
Allowing movement of molecules that otherwise would be excluded by the lipid components of the membrane
b)
Transferring signals from outside the cell to inside the cell
c)
Facilitating the transport of macromolecules across the membrane
d)
Stabilizing the lipid bilayer
50.

Define plasma membrane

a)

lipid that helps minimize effects of temperature

b)

only on the outer surface of the plasma membrane and are attached to proteins or lipids; form distinctive cellular markers

c)

flexible boundary of a cell that separates a cell from its surroundings

d)

may extend partway into the plasma membrane, cross the membrane entirely, or be loosely attached to its inside or outside face

51.

Which type of biological macromolecule is the main component of the plasma membrane?

a)

carbohydrate

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

52.

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHOBIC?

a)

the phosphate "head"

b)

the lipid "tails"

53.

This image is an example of a phospholipid. Which part of a phospholipid is HYDROPHILIC?

a)

the phosphate "head"

b)

the lipid "tails"

54.

Where can carbohydrates be found when part of a plasma membrane?

a)

On the outside of the membrane

b)

On the inside of the membrane

c)

Embedded part of the way into the membrane

d)

Embedded the whole way through the membrane

e)

All of the above

55.

Where can PROTEINS be found when part of a plasma membrane?

a)

On the outside of the membrane

b)

On the inside of the membrane

c)

Embedded part of the way into the membrane

d)

Embedded the whole way through the membrane

e)

All of the above

56.

What is the function of cholesterol in a plasma membrane?

a)

To make the membrane flexible

b)

To control the effect of temperature changes

c)

To attract water molecules

d)

To allow nutrients and other essential molecules into the cell

57.

What is the "big idea" of the fluid mosaic model of plasma membranes?

a)

the plasma membrane creates a specialized FLUID that looks like a MOSAIC.

b)

the plasma membrane is a MOSAIC.

c)

the fluid mosaic model is NOT related to the plasma membrane.

d)

a plasma membrane is a MOSAIC of components that move FREELY and FLUIDLY.

58.

What does "hydrophobic" mean?

a)

water loving, associates with water

b)

water fearing, does not associate with water

c)

a world war II submarine

d)

an example would be solutes like sugar or salt

59.

What does "hydrophilic" mean?

a)

water loving, associates with water

b)

water fearing, does not associate with water

c)

a world war II submarine

d)

an example would be solutes like oil or fat

60.

Which are example is hydrophobic in nature.

a)

Oil

b)

Sugar

c)

Salt

d)

Water

61.

Diffusion is a form of...

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

62.

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive transport?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

63.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
a)
an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.
b)
an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
c)
an area of high concentration to an area of high concentration.
d)
an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
64.

The movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane is called ___________.

a)

active transport

b)

respiration

c)

osmosis

d)

diffusion

65.

Which type of movement requires cellular energy?

a)

osmosis

b)

active transport

c)

diffusion

d)

facilitated diffusion

66.

What are the three types of passive transport?

a)

osmosis, diffusion, active transport

b)

active transport, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

c)

diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion

d)

facilitated diffusion, active transport, diffusion

67.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Diffusion
d)
Sodium-Potassium Pump
68.
What type of transport is this?
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Osmosis
69.
What type of organelle is used during endocytosis and exocytosis?
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Vesicle
d)
Lysosome
70.

Which type of transport can get rid of cellular wastes?

a)

Protein Pumps

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

71.

Which type of transport uses protein channels to help the particles move across the cell membrane?

a)

endocytosis

b)

osmosis

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

exocytosis

72.

 Particles get in and out of a cell by passing through the _. 

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Vacuole

d)

Nucleus

73.

In active transport, cells need _ to move particles cross the cell membrane. 

a)

Sleep

b)

Movement

c)

Energy

d)

Sun

74.

True or false. Passive transport does not need energy to happen.

a)

True

b)

False

75.

Does active transport require ATP?

a)

Yes

b)

No

76.

What are examples of passive transport (3 correct answers)

a)

Simple diffusion

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Facilitated diffusion

e)

Endocytosis

77.

What is diffusion

a)

A net process of a molecule moving from a high concentration to low concentration

b)

A net process of a molecule moving from a low concentration to high concentration

c)

A movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from high to low water concentration

78.

What is active transport

a)

A process of a movement of molecules from a high to low concentration that doesn’t use energy

b)

A process of movement of molecules from a low to high concentration that uses energy

79.

What is endocytosis

a)

A process when the secretory vesicles eject the items they absorbed

b)

A process when cells absorb external item by engulfing them

c)

A movement process when water molecules go from high to low concentration

80.

Diffusion & Facilitated Diffusion are both __________ transport.

a)

Passive

b)

Active

c)

Easy

d)

Free

81.

what is osmoregulation?

a)

Control of water and salt in the body

b)

Control of blood pressure in the body

c)

Control of blood glucose in the body

82.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
83.

If a person's blood cells shrivel (shrink) their blood is likely ____ in comparison to the cell.

a)

isotonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

hypertonic

84.

During osmosis

a)

water moves from high to low concentration

b)

large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane

c)

water moves when energy is used

d)

proteins are built

85.

Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.

a)

food

b)

energy

c)

oxygen

d)

water

86.

why is osmoregulation so important?

a)

water gives support and is an important transport medium

b)

it hydrates the body

c)

it regulates hormone secretion

87.

Maintaining stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Metabolism

c)

Protein Synthesis

d)

Adaptation

88.

Which area of the brain contains the receptors responsible for detecting changes in water potential

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Medulla Oblongata

c)

Amygdala

d)

Hippocampus

89.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
90.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
91.

Nemo and other ocean dwelling fish cannot survive in freshwater because......

a)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

b)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

c)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water entering them causing the cells to swell and burst

d)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water enter them causing the cells to swell and burst

92.

Fill in the blank:

Osmosis is the movement of ________ across a cell membrane from high to low.

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Starch

c)

Water

d)

Oxygen

93.

In an isotonic solution which way will the water flow

a)

it will not flow at all

b)

it will flow into the cell

c)

it will flow both ways at equal rates

d)

out of the cell

94.

If the dots represent sugar what direction will the water flow?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Both equally (equilibrium)

95.

If the % represent % of sugar, what direction will water flow?

a)

Into the cell

b)

Out of the cell

c)

Both equally (equilibrium)

96.

Considering the four choices below, which two represent active transport?


  • From high to low concentration
  • From low to high concentration
  • Using cellular energy
  • Without using cellular energy
a)

High to low; using cell energy

b)

High to low; without using cell energy

c)

Low to high; using cell energy

d)

Low to high: without using cell energy

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