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final exam practice

Total questions: 129

Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

It is a protective barrier that controls what comes into and out of a cell;

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Nucleous

d)

Lysosome

2.

Produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its functions.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Nucleous

d)

Chloroplast

3.

They store sunlight as pigments. This is where photosynthesis takes place.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Nucleous

d)

Chloroplast

4.

Stores water, food, wastes, and other materials

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Central vacuole

c)

Nucleous

d)

Chloroplast

5.

Helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization, and it also provides mechanical support

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Cytoplasm

6.

A cylindrical structure that plays a major role in microtubule organization during cell division

a)

Centriolle

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Cytoskeleton

d)

Cytoplasm

7.

Ridged outer layer of a plant cell. It is made of cellulose.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Plasma membrane

c)

Nucleous

d)

Lysosome

8.

Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts. The stomach of the cell.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Lysosome

9.

It temporarily stores proteins which can then leave the cell via vesicles.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Lysosome

10.

lined with ribosomes, involved in some protein production, folding, quality control and despatch.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Smooth ER

11.

Assesembles amino acids to create proteins.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Smooth ER

12.

Control center of the cell; contains DNA.

a)

Nucleous

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Smooth ER

13.

Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes.

a)

Nucleous

b)

Ribosome

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Smooth ER

14.

Produces lipids and hormones.

a)

Rough ER

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Smooth ER

15.

The gel-like fluid where the organelles are found is called the

(a)  

16.

The space and organelles included between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane is called cytosol:

a)

True

b)

False

17.

The religious belief that explains that life formation on the earth may have been taken place due to supernatural or divine forces

a)

Creationism

b)

Abiogenesis

c)

Biogenic theory

d)

Panspermia

e)

Spontaneous generation

18.

This theory stated life could have arisen through a series of organic chemical reactions that produced even more complex biochemical structures.

a)

Creationism

b)

Abiogenesis

c)

Biogenic theory

d)

Panspermia

e)

Spontaneous generation

19.

This hypothesis states that the "seeds" of life exist all over the Universe and can be propagated through space from one location to another.

a)

Creationism

b)

Abiogenesis

c)

Biogenic theory

d)

Panspermia

e)

Spontaneous generation

20.

This theory suggests that life could come from nonliving things, decaying and rotting matter like straw, mud, etc.

a)

Creationism

b)

Abiogenesis

c)

Biogenic theory

d)

Panspermia

e)

Spontaneous generation

21.

Match the number with the lysosome

a)

1

b)

2

c)

8

d)

4

e)

9

22.

Match the number with the centriolle

a)

1

b)

3

c)

8

d)

4

e)

9

23.

Match the number with the smooth ER

a)

2

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

24.

Match the number with the rough ER

a)

2

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

25.

Match the number with the Golgi apparatus

a)

2

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

26.

Match the number with the Mitochondria

a)

1

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

27.

Match the number with the cytoskeleton

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

28.

Match the number with the cytoskeleton

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

e)

9

29.

Match the number with the Central vacuole

a)

3

b)

4

c)

2

d)

6

e)

8

30.

Match the number with the Cell wall

a)

1

b)

9

c)

2

d)

7

e)

8

31.

Match the number with the Chloroplast

a)

4

b)

3

c)

2

d)

8

e)

5

32.

Schleiden, Hooke and Schwann are the authors of the cell theory.

a)

True

b)

False

33.

The (a)   theory states that one species becomes a resident inside another cell to the benefit of both. They evolved into organelles like mitochondrias and chloroplasts.

34.

He experimented with meat in jars to try to prove the theory of spontaneous generation.

a)

Redi

b)

Needham

c)

Van Helmont

d)

Spallanzani

35.

He claimed that there was a "life force" present in the molecules of all inorganic matter, including air and the oxygen in it, that could cause spontaneous generation to occur:

a)

Redi

b)

Needham

c)

Van Helmont

d)

Spallanzani

36.

He refuted the spontaneous generation theory.

a)

Pasteur

b)

Spallanzani

c)

Redi

d)

Needham

37.

Miller and Urey´s experiment provided evidence to support this theory:

a)

Abiogenesis

b)

Biogenic

c)

Panspermia

d)

Endosymbiotic

38.
Double Helix made of nucleotides
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
BNA
d)
tRNA
39.
single strand of nucleotides
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
CNA
d)
BNA
40.
Transcription creates
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
41.
Replication creates 
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
42.
Where is DNA located?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Ribosome
c)
Nucleus
d)
It's imaginary 
43.
In DNA replication ACC would pair with 
a)
UGG
b)
TGG
c)
CGC
d)
TAT
44.
Translation creates?
a)
Amino Acid Chains
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
DNA
45.
Both DNA and RNA are made of?
a)
Nuclotides
b)
Nucleolous
c)
Amino Acids
46.
During translation the code is read by?
a)
mRNA in the nucleus 
b)
DNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA in the ribosome
47.
In RNA, uracil takes the place of the DNA nitrogen base called
a)
guanine
b)
cytosine
c)
thymine
d)
adenine
48.
The DNA nucleotide is composed of three parts. Which two components make up the nucleotide backbone?
a)
ribose sugar and base
b)
ribose sugar and phosphate group
c)
nitrogen base and deoxyribose sugar
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate group
49.
Which nucleotide is complementary to adenine?
a)
adenine
b)
thymine
c)
cytosine
d)
guanine
50.
Which correctly outlined the central dogma
a)
DNA --> mRNA --> rRNA
b)
DNA --> tRNA --> protein
c)
DNA --> mRNA --> protein
d)
DNA --> amino acid --> protein
51.
Which of the following best defines a gene?
a)
A diploid cell containing two sets of chromosomes
b)
A unit made up of chromosomes that control for a specific trait
c)
A segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein
d)
All the other answers are correct.
52.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA
a)
DNA has uracil and RNA has thymine
b)
DNA is involved in transcription and RNA is involved in translation
c)
DNA contains thymine and RNA contains uracil
d)
DNA is made of nucleotides and RNA is not
53.
What 3 things make up a nucleotide?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen Base
b)
Sugar, Hydrogen, Carbon
c)
Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen
d)
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
54.
What makes DNA different from RNA?
a)
they type of phosphate
b)
the type of sugar
c)
having C pair with G
d)
Having A's
55.

It consists of a "sea" of phospholipids in which embedded substances float.

(a)  

56.

Way in which the lipids that form the cell or plasma membrane are organized.

a)

Phospholipids bilayer

b)

transport proteins

c)

Selective permeability

57.

A difference in solute concentration between two regions is called

(a)  

58.

Solute molecules tend to move down their concentration gradient from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. 

a)

true

b)

false

59.

The pass of water across a semipermeable membrane is called:

a)

Difussion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

60.

Which particles use simple difussion to cross the cell membrane?

a)

Glucose and aminoacids

b)

Oxygen and carbon monoxide

c)

Carbon monoxide and water

d)

water and glucose

61.

In passive transport the cell uses energy, because the movement of materials through the membrane goes against a concentration gradient.

a)

true

b)

false

62.

Simple difussion, osmosis and facilitated difussion are example of (a)   transport

63.

Pinocytosis, phagocytosis and exocytosis are examples of (a)   transport

64.

The solution has the same solute concentration as the interior of the cell. Under these conditions, the water that enters and leaves is kept in equilibrium. Cells in this solutions maintain a constant shape and size

a)

isotonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

hypertonic

65.

Solution has a higher concentration of solutes than the interior of the cells. Under these conditions, the amount of water that comes out is greater than that the water that enters. Cells in this conditions will tend to dehydrate and their membrane will contract (plasmolysis)

a)

hypertonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

isotonic

66.

Solution has a lower concentration of solutes than the interior of cells. Under these circumstances the water that enters is greater than that that leaves. Cells tend to swell, even exploding (turgent)

a)

Hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

67.

In this type of transport, molecules diffuse across the plasma membrane with assistance from membrane proteins, such as channels and carriers.

a)

facilitated difussion

b)

pinocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

endocytosis

68.

The process of cell transport that uses small vesicles to get rid of waste products.

a)

Pinocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Phagocytosis

69.

The mechanism by which the cell engulfs other cells like bacteria to destroy them is known as:

a)

Phagosytosis

b)

Pinocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Sodium-potassium bomb

70.

The mechanism cells use to absorb small droplets of liquids like fat is called:

a)

Pinocytosis

b)

Phagocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Sodium-potassium bomb

71.

What are the two main stages of a cell's life?

a)

Interphase and division

b)

Prophase and anaphase

c)

Metaphase and telophase

d)

Cytokinesis and mitosis

72.

During which phase of interphase does DNA synthesis occur?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M

73.

What is the function of the centrioles in animal cells during mitosis?

a)

To form the spindle fibers

b)

To divide the nucleus

c)

To synthesize DNA

d)

To produce energy

74.

What is the correct order of the phases of mitosis?

a)

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

b)

Metaphase, prophase, anaphase, telophase

c)

Anaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase

d)

Telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase

75.

How does cytokinesis occur in animal cells?

a)

By forming a cell plate

b)

By forming a cleavage furrow

c)

By dividing the nucleus

d)

By producing new organelles

76.

What is the biological significance of mitosis?

a)

To produce genetically identical cells

b)

To repair and regenerate tissues

c)

To allow growth and development

d)

All of the above

77.

In mitosis, one parent cell -

a)

Forms two identical daughter cells

b)

Forms four identical daughter cells

c)

Forms two genetically diverse daughter cells

d)

Forms four genetically diverse daughter cells

78.
The result of meiosis is:
a)
two diploid cells
b)
two haploid cells
c)
four diploid cells
d)
four haploid cells
79.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
80.
Structure (a) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
81.
Structure (c) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
82.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
83.

What do the blue and yellow arrows represent

a)

The blue arrow is prophase and the yellow is interphase

b)

The blue arrow is mitosis and the yellow arrow is meiosis

c)

The blue arrow is interphase and the yellow is mitosis

d)

The blue arrow is meiosis and the yellow is prophase

84.

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis. Which statement about crossing over is true?

a)

RNA translation occurs in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Crossing over takes place in backterial cells

c)

Crossing over produces genetically identical daughter cells

d)

Crossing over provides genetic diversity in eukaryotic cells

85.

During prophase I crossing over occurs and genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. How is this important

a)

Increases genetic variation

b)

Reduces the diploid number to the haploid number

c)

Increases the haploid number to the diploid number

d)

Reduces the probability of mutations

86.

G1, S, and G2 are all phases of

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Interphase

d)

Prophase

87.
Name this phase of mitosis:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
88.

what is this phase?

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

telaphase

d)

enter phase

89.

what is this phase

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

teloophase

90.

forms gametes

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Both

91.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
92.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
93.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
94.

When the cells completely split it is call what?

a)

Telophase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Anaphase

95.
Which of the following is NOT occuring during interphase?
a)
Cell growth
b)
DNA being copied
c)
DNA condensing
d)
Two new cells are made
96.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
97.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
98.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body.  What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
99.
If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?
a)
tall
b)
short
c)
medium
d)
not enough info
100.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
101.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
102.
aa always shows up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
103.
What is a punnett square?
a)
graph used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring in a given cross
b)
a graph used to predict the possible birth rate of offspring.
c)
a graph used to predict the possible behavioral characteristics an offspring could have
d)
None of the above
104.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
105.

In pea plants, tall is dominant to short. If 2 heterozygous plants are crossed, what % of the offspring will be short?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

106.

An ______________ trait is a trait we get from our parents.

a)

environmental

b)

inherited

107.

Little pieces of DNA that code for our traits are called

a)

cells

b)

chromosomes

c)

genes

108.
The letters that make-up the genetic code for a trait
a)
genotype
b)
heterzygous
c)
phenotype
d)
trait
109.

Two alleles that are simmilar are called _________

a)
genotype
b)
homozygous
c)
phenotype
d)
trait
110.

_________is that gene that always shows itself when present.

a)
genotype
b)
homozygous
c)
phenotype
d)
dominant
111.
What are the parents' genotypes?
a)
Homozygous for brown eyes
b)
Heterozygous for brown eyes
c)
Homozygous for blue eyes
d)
Heterozygous for blue eyes
112.
A type of gene that can be hidden is called
a)
genotype
b)
recessive
c)
dominant
d)
allele
113.

A physical attribute of an organism that can be expressed by a gene is known as a

a)
gene
b)
allele
c)
trait
d)
characteristic
114.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
115.
Definition: adaptation
a)
inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival
b)
organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
c)
a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
d)
differences in the DNA sequence
116.
Definition: natural selection
a)
inherited characteristic that increases chances of survival
b)
organisms with traits well suited to their environment survive and reproduce at a greater rate
c)
a growing population causes a scarcity of resources
d)
differences in the DNA sequence
117.
English natural scientist who formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882).
a)
Darwin
b)
Wallace
c)
Linnaeus
d)
Lamarck
118.
Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
a)
Extinction
b)
Genetic variation
c)
Natural Resources
d)
Evolution
119.
Process by which individuals that are better suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully; also called natural selection.
a)
Survival of the Fittest
b)
Extinction
c)
Derived trait
d)
Artificial Selection
120.

1. The process of choosing parent organisms for desired characteristics is called

a)

natural selection

b)

Artificial selection

c)

random selection

d)

genetic manipulation

121.

What characteristic is shown: A giraffe gives birth to a healthy

a)

Reproduce

b)

Genetic Code

c)

Change Over Time

d)

Acquire and Use Energy

122.

Which characteristic is shown: A chocolate lab puppy becomes a fully grown dog.

a)

Respond to a Stimulus

b)

Grow and Develop

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Change Over Time

123.

Which characteristic is shown: A deer runs from a dog after hearing barking.

a)

Made of Cells

b)

Respond to a Stimulus

c)

Acquire and Use Energy

d)

Homeostasis

124.

Which characteristic is shown: Your body sweats to maintain body temperature.

a)

Respond to a Stimulus

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Made of Cells

d)

Change Over Time

125.

Which characteristic is shown: An unknown organism is shown to have a cell wall and organelles.

a)

Made of Cells

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Respond to a Stimulus

d)

Reproduce

126.

Identify the characteristic: green plants produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis.

a)

All living things use energy

b)

All living things contain cells

c)

All living things maintain homeostasis

d)

All living things grow and develop

127.
Pick the true statement about cellular organization:
a)
cells working together make tissues
b)
cells working together make organs
c)
tissues working together make organ systems
d)
organs working together make cells
128.

Choose the correct order of cellular hierarchy from simplest to most complex.

a)

Cell ⋙ Organ ⋙ Organism ⋙ Tissue ⋙ Organ System

b)

Tissue ≫ Cell ≫ Organ System ≫ Organ ≫ Organism

c)

Organism ⋙ Organ System ⋙ Organ ⋙ Tissue Cell

d)

Cell ⋙ Tissue ⋙ Organ ⋙ Organ System ⋙ Organism

129.

The combination of chemical reactions through

which an organism builds up or breaks down

materials as it carries out its life processes is called ...

a)

absorption

b)

metabolism

c)

digestion

d)

consumption

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