WorksheetsIB BIOLOGY UNIT 1 REVISION
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins
Which statements make up the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells.
All cells are microscopic.
Cells are the smallest unit of life.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Why do multicellular organisms have emergent properties?
They have more genes than unicellular organisms.
Properties of unicellular organisms are enhanced by having many cells.
All of their genes are expressed whereas unicellular organisms express only some.
They show properties that can only result from the interaction of many cells.
What happens to the cell surface area to volume ratio as a cell grows?
It decreases, so production of waste material is reduced.
It increases, so mineral ion absorption is increased.
It increases, so osmosis is reduced.
It decreases, so rate of gas exchange is too low.
Which feature of striated muscle cells allows them to be considered as a possible exception to the cell theory?
They are found in multicellular organisms.
They contain more than one nucleus.
They are specialized for movement.
They do not carry out mitosis.
If cells of a multicellular organism have the same genes, how can there be many different cell types in a body?
Some genes but not others are expressed in each cell type.
Cells lose some genes as development occurs.
Genes do not determine the structure of a cell.
Cells must practice division of labour in order to survive.
What determines the rate at which nutrients and waste are exchanged between the cell and the environment?
surface area
surface ratio
volume ratio
surface area to volume ratio
A paramecium (a single- celled organism) captures and eats a bacteria cell. What life function is this an example of?
excretion
nutrition
response
homeostasis
What is the best definition of a Nucleoid ?
Organelles made of protein and RNA that direct protein synthesis.
A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell
Plasma membrane is best described as....
A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell
Organelles made of protein and RNA that direct protein synthesis.
A rigid noncellulose structure that surrounds cells of bacteria
A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
Which statement best describes a prokaryote cell wall ?
Hairlike protein structures, that allow bacteria to attach to things.
A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell
A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
A rigid noncellulose structure that surrounds cells of bacteria
A single-celled organism without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
pili
ribosomes
flagella
prokaryote
Long, thin, whip-like structures, with a core of microtubules, that enable movement.
flagella
cell wall
nucleoid
cell
T/F - Pili → Hair-like protein structures, that allow bacteria to attach to things.
True
False
T/F - Plasma membrane → A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell
True
False
T/F - Escherichia coli (E. coli) → A rigid non-cellulose structure that surrounds cells of bacteria
True
False
What is this organelle?
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Mitochondria
What is this organelle?
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
What is this organelle?
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Centriole
What is this organelle?
Rough ER
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Which of the following cell parts do ALL cells contain?
cell membrane
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondria
cytoplasm
Which cell parts do PLANT cells contain that are not found in animal cells?
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Large Central Vacuole
Golgi Apparatus
A cell that contains a lot of mitochondria is specialized for what function?
Protein production
Photosynthesis
Conducting electrical impulses
ATP production
Who is credited for this model of the cell membrane that was predominant from the 1930s to the 1960s?
Singer and Nicholson
Davson and Danelli
Gorter and Grendel
Watson and Crick
What issues were found with the Davson-danelli model that meant the Singer - Nicholson model was eventually accepted?
Electron micrographs showed a light band sandwiched between 2 dark bands
Freeze etched electron micrographs showed globular structures crossing the membranes
Membrane proteins were shown to have hydrophobic sections.
Fluorescent marking of membrane proteins showed they could move around within the membrane
There were twice as many phospholipids in red blood cells than were needed to make a monolayer membrane.
This freeze-etched electron micrograph of the membrane suggested which piece of evidence that helped to falsify the Davson-Danelli model?
Membrane proteins are not even distributed across membranes
Membrane proteins appear to cross through the membrane
Membrane proteins make an even layer on the outside of membranes
Membranes do not have proteins
The diagram shows a section through a membrane. What are the modes of transport in the diagram?
A
B
C
D
Which graph best represents the relationship between the concentration of chloride ions in the external environment of a cell and the rate at which the chloride ions move by facilitated diffusion into the cytoplasm of the cell?
A
B
C
D
The diagrams represent cells with the same concentration of dissolved substances in their cytoplasm. If all the cells were placed in the same hypertonic sucrose solution, which cell would show the greatest rate of change in the concentration of its cytoplasm?
A
B
C
D
A human organ is being prepared for transplant. In what type of solution must it be bathed?
A. A hypertonic solution
B. A hypotonic solution
C. Pure water containing no solutes
D. A solution with the same osmolarity as the organ tissue
Dialysis membrane was set up to model digestion and absorption in the small intestine.
What is a limitation of this model?
A. There can be no active transport.
B. Maltose will pass through the membrane.
C. Lipase should be present with protein.
D. The membrane is not permeable to starch.
The salt concentration inside an animal cell is 1.8 %. The salt concentration in the surrounding medium becomes 5 %. What will be the likely response?
A. The cell will gain water from the medium.
B. The cell will lose salt to the medium.
C. The cell will remain unchanged.
D. The cell will shrink from loss of water.
What is osmosis?
A. The movement of water through a membrane from a low to a high solute concentration
B. The movement of solutes through a membrane from a high to a low water concentration
C. The movement of water through a membrane from a high to a low solute concentration
D. The movement of solutes through a membrane from a low to a high water concentration
Which movement occurs by osmosis?
A. Oxygen from alveoli into the blood
B. Water from a leaf into the atmosphere
C. Water from soil to root
D. Nitrate ions from soil to root
What do diffusion and osmosis have in common?
A. They only happen in living cells.
B. They require transport proteins in the membrane.
C. They are passive transport mechanisms.
D. Net movement of substances is against the concentration gradient
What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
What route is used to export proteins from the cell?
A. Golgi apparatus → rough endoplasmic reticulum → plasma membrane
B. Rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → plasma membrane
C. Golgi apparatus → lysosome → rough endoplasmic reticulum
D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum → lysosome → Golgi apparatus
Cells in the adrenal gland produce the hormone epinephrine and store it in vesicles. To release epinephrine these vesicles are carried to the plasma membrane and fuse with it. What process is occurring?
A. Expulsion
B. Exchange
C. Excretion
D. Exocytosis
Why do crop plants dry out when a field is irrigated with water contaminated by sea water?
A. The plants lose water by active transport.
B. The plants gain salt by osmosis.
C. The plants gain salt by diffusion.
D. The plants lose water by osmosis.
Which process requires channel proteins?
A. Simple diffusion
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Binding of hormones
D. Exocytosis
What feature of cell membranes allows endocytosis to occur?
A. Fluidity of phospholipid bilayer
B. Presence of protein pumps
C. Presence of carrier proteins
D. Glycoprotein binding sites
Which statement provides evidence for endosymbiosis?
A. Early prokaryotes contributed to a large increase in oxygen in the atmosphere.
B. Eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA.
C. Certain groups of ancient prokaryotes developed mechanisms to carry out aerobic respiration.
D. Experiments by Miller and Urey produced simple organic molecules in abiotic conditions.
In a copy of Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment, broth was put into flasks as shown in the diagrams.
What results would be expected with no spontaneous generation of life?
A. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flask W.
B. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W and X.
C. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W, X and Y.
D. Decomposition of broth by microbes occurred only in Flasks W, X and Z.
Pasteur carried out a series of experiments that provided strong evidence against a widely supported theory. What was this theory?
A. Endosymbiosis
B. Spontaneous generation
C. Conservative replication of DNA
D. Evolution
What is evidence for the endosymbiotic theory?
A. RNA can catalyse metabolic reactions.
B. Meteorites contain organic molecules.
C. Amino acids can be synthesized from inorganic compounds.
D. Mitochondria possess their own DNA.
The statement relates to Pasteur’s experiments.
What did this statement suggest?
A. Mold evolved by endosymbiosis.
B. Oxygen is required for anaerobic respiration.
C. Cells can only be formed by division of pre-existing cells.
D. Nutrients are a requirement for mold growth.
The Miller-Urey experiment of 1953 was designed to test the hypothesis that lightning supplied the energy needed to turn atmospheric gases into organic molecules such as amino acids. Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today.
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations.
The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory.
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced.
The diagram below shows a proposed theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, called endosymbiosis.
Which of the following explains why cells that contained mitochondria-like organelles had an evolutionary advantage?
They were able to photosynthesize
They had more DNA
They were able to make more use of available energy
They were immune to bacterial invasion.
What did electrical sparks in Miller and Urey's experiment mimic?
The Sun's energy
Lightning
Volcanic eruptions
Cosmic radiation
What is being separated in mitosis?
Homologous chromosomes
Sister chromosomes
Meiosis
Ribosomes
What phase of mitosis is this?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
What phase of mitosis is this?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
What phase of mitosis is this?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
A cell sample has the following cell counts
Interphase 5
Prophase 1
Anaphase 1
Metaphase 2
Telophase 1
What is the mitotic index?
10%
20%
40%
50%
What do cyclins regulate?
cancer
mitosis
the cell cycle
seasons
What occurs in meiosis but NOT mitosis
crossovers between homologous chromosomes
crossovers between sister chromatids
spindle formation
chromosome number is conserved
What process occurs in BOTH mitosis and meiosis
crossovers in prophase I
separation of sister chromatids
anaphase II
division of two genetically identical nuclei
What does mitosis do?
regulates the cell cycle
promotes spindle formation
suppresses cancer
results in the division of two genetically identical nuclei
During which part of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
G1
S
G2
M
Cyclin D
triggers entry into G1
prepares DNA for replication in S-phase
triggers DNA replication
promotes spindle formation at the end of G2
Cyclin E
triggers entry into G1
prepares DNA for replication in S-phase
triggers DNA replication
promotes spindle formation at the end of G2
Cyclin A
triggers entry into G1
prepares DNA for replication in S-phase
triggers DNA replication
promotes spindle formation at the end of G2
Cyclin B
triggers entry into G1
prepares DNA for replication in S-phase
triggers DNA replication
promotes spindle formation at the end of G2
In G1 of the cell cycle, the following occur
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin D is expressed
DNA is replicated, triggered by Cyclin A
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin B is expressed to promote spindle formation
Separation of sister chromatids into genetically identical nuclei
In G2 of the cell cycle, the following occur
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin D is expressed
DNA is replicated, triggered by Cyclin A
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin B is expressed to promote spindle formation
Separation of sister chromatids into genetically identical nuclei
In S-phase of the cell cycle, the following occur
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin D is expressed
DNA is replicated, triggered by Cyclin A
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin B is expressed to promote spindle formation
Separation of sister chromatids into genetically identical nuclei
In M-phase of the cell cycle, the following occur
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin D is expressed
DNA is replicated, triggered by Cyclin A
protein synthesis, organelle number increase, cell size increases, Cyclin B is expressed to promote spindle formation
Separation of sister chromatids into genetically identical nuclei
What is an ocogene?
A mutated gene that promotes uncontrolled cell division
A gene that normally suppresses the cell cycle
A gene that regulates mitosis
What is an tumor suppressor
A mutated gene that promotes uncontrolled cell division
A gene that normally suppresses the cell cycle
A gene that regulates mitosis
What is a primary tumor?
The original site of cancer growth, benign, not harmful
The movement of cancerous cells form the original site
The growth of tumors after metastasis, harmful
What is a secondary tumor?
The original site of cancer growth, benign, not harmful
The movement of cancerous cells form the original site
The growth of tumors at new sites after metastasis, harmful
What is metastasis?
The original site of cancer growth, benign, not harmful
The movement of cancerous cells form the original site
The growth of tumors at new sites after metastasis, harmful
Check all of the following that occur in cytokinesis of PLANTS
cell plate
contractile ring of microtubles pulled by actin and myosin
cleavage furrow
Golgi apparatus
Vesicles carrying pectin and cellulose
Check all of the following that occur in cytokinesis of ANIMALS
cell plate
contractile ring of microtubles pulled by actin and myosin
cleavage furrow
Golgi apparatus
Vesicles carrying pectin and cellulose
Breaking this rule caused mogwais to breed out of control
Feeding them after midnight
Exposing them to light
Spilling water on them
Singing bad 80s music
This is the name of the planet where clones were made in Star Wars Attack of the Clones
Tatooine
Hoth
Kamino
Jakku
