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U2T2 Biology Quiz

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A disease caused by a pathogen/micro-organism.

a)

alcoholism

b)

lifestyle disease

c)

infectious disease

d)

appendicitis

2.

Any agent that causes a disease.

a)

germ

b)

pathogen

c)

micro-organism

d)

all of the above (different terms that mean the same thing)

3.

The method in which a disease is contracted or the way a person becomes infected.

a)

symptom

b)

transmission

c)

treatment

d)

prevention

4.

The physical or psychological changes caused by a disease.

a)

symptom

b)

transmission

c)

treatment

d)

prevention

5.

The management and care of a disease or disorder.

a)

symptom

b)

transmission

c)

treatment

d)

prevention

6.

The actions taken to decrease the chance of getting a disease or condition.

a)

symptom

b)

transmission

c)

treatment

d)

prevention

7.

An organism that lives on or in it's host to survive.

a)

bacteria

b)

fungus

c)

parasite

d)

virus

8.

A microscopic, single celled microorganism that thrives in diverse environments. Can be helpful and harmful to humans.

a)

parasite

b)

bacteria

c)

fungus

d)

virus

9.

A microscopic agent that causes infection and requires a host to replicate.

a)

bacteria

b)

virus

c)

parasite

d)

fungus

10.

A group of spore-producing organisms that can be harmless or infectious.

a)

bacteria

b)

virus

c)

fungus

d)

parasite

11.

The response to an infection. Causes the area to redden, swell, and feel warm.

a)

Fever

b)

Mucus

c)

Dilation

d)

Inflammation

12.

Chemical that causes the blood vessels around the infection to dilate (expand) so that more blood can flow to the infection

a)

Stomach acid

b)

Mucus

c)

Epithelial cells

d)

Histamines

13.

Which is NOT considered FIRST line of defense?

a)

Helper T-Cells

b)

Skin

c)

Hair

d)

Mucous Membranes

14.
What are the two types of immune systems?
a)
Acquired & Adaptive
b)
Innate & Acquired
c)
Innate & Autoimmune
d)
Red & White Blood Cells
15.

What is phagocytosis?

a)

WBCs

b)

When a cells eat other cells

c)

When a cell collapses

d)

When a cell releases nutrients

16.
Which of the following secretes histamine?
a)
B cells
b)
macrophages
c)
neutrophils
d)
mast cells
17.

The innate immune system is...

a)

Always working and doesn't require any special preparation

b)

Needs to be "primed" before it can work to its full effectiveness

c)

Very specific and only defends against a specific pathogen

d)

Not very effective at preventing intruders

18.

This sticky fluid traps any pathogens that try and get in our body

a)

Mucous Lining

b)

Blood

c)

Stomach Acid

d)

Skin

19.
What is the function of innate immune response?
a)
Act very rapid as a first line of defense to eliminate the infection
b)
Trap microbes so they cannot spread in our body freely
c)
Coordinate and support adaptive immunity
d)
All of the above
20.
What category of immune response would sneezing and mucus production fall under?
a)
Innate Immunity
b)
Acquired Immunity
c)
Humoral Immunity
d)
Cell Mediated Immunity
21.
What chemical is released by the immune system in response to an allergen?
a)
Dopamine
b)
Histamine
c)
Insulin
d)
No clue
22.

Cells that provide a physical barrier to resist pathogen invasion, as well as secrete protective substances to discourage the accumulation of pathogens.

a)

Macrophages

b)

White blood cells

c)

Epithelial cells

d)

Helper T Cells

23.
What is the largest outer defense of the body?
a)
Stomach Acid 
b)
Mucous Membranes
c)
White Blood Cells
d)
Skin
24.
Antibiotics work against most
a)
Bacteria
b)
Bacteria & Viruses
c)
Vaccines
d)
Viruses
25.
Which of the following illness is caused by pathogens?
a)
Bruise
b)
Blood Clot
c)
Diabetes
d)
Influenza
26.
Vaccinations are used for
a)
Curing the illness
b)
Preventing the Illness
c)
Getting the illness
27.
What are the 4 types of pathogens that could cause illness?
a)
animals, bacteria, fungi and plants
b)
bacteria, fungi, nucleus, protist
c)
bacteria, fungi, viruses, protist
d)
bacteria, plants, fungi, protist
28.
What is the main purpose of the immune system?
a)
support the body through bones and muscles
b)
get rid of waste from the body
c)
protect the body from pathogens
d)
move blood through the body
29.
Vaccines stimulate the body to produce...
a)
autoimmune diseases
b)
helper t-cells
c)
fever
d)
antibodies
30.
Which would most likely prevent a cold virus from spreading in a classroom?
a)
tissue at a teacher's desk
b)
students wash hands regularly with soap 
c)
students shake hands regularly with each other
d)
students wipe desks with dry paper towels
31.
Which one is a way the body defends against a pathogen?
a)
Fever
b)
Stomach Acid digesting
c)
White Blood Cells fighing
d)
All of these are correct
32.
Which answer best describes how infectious diseases get transmitted (passed on)?  
a)
people can sneeze or cough and pass disease on through the air
b)
drinking water can be contaminated with diseases
c)
objects such as doorknobs and towels can be contaminated by disease
d)
all of the above answers are ways that diseases are transmitted
33.

A super bug is a

a)

flying cockroach

b)

bacteria immune to antibiotics

c)

bacteria susceptible to antibiotics

d)

disease such as ringworm

34.

A major virus able to be vaccinated against.

a)

rabies

b)

acne

c)

cancer

35.

An outbreak of a disease in a area is called a

a)

epidemic

b)

pandemic

c)

TEOTWAWKI

36.

A major and very deadly outbreak that spreads rapidly across the world is called a

a)

epidemic

b)

pandemic

37.
Cells that ingest pathogens are
a)
plasma cells
b)
phagocytic cells
c)
helper T cells
d)
antibodies
38.
Anything that triggers an immune response is a/n
a)
lymph cell
b)
antigen
c)
antibody
d)
neutrop
39.
What do scientists call bacteria and viruses that can make people sick?  
a)
diseases
b)
vaccines
c)
antibodies
d)
pathogens
40.
 Like all other body systems, the immune system helps the body maintain homeostasis.  Which statement best describes how the immune system does this?  
a)
it protects other organs and tissues from infection and disease
b)
it breaks down food to provide cells with nutrients
c)
it gathers information through the senses and controls all other body systems
d)
 it transports oxygen and carbon dioxide
41.
What do B cells produce?
a)
antigens
b)
macrophages
c)
T cells
d)
antibodies
42.
What do antibodies attach to on the pathogen?
a)
Anti inflammatory
b)
Antigens
c)
Antiseptic
d)
Antibodies
43.
Which of the following is a non-specific response?
a)
Fever
b)
Red, itchy eyes that may be crusted shut
c)
Signs that is related to one antigen
44.
Proteins produced by B cells and designed to mark antigens to be destroyed, specific to the antigen.
a)
Antigens
b)
Active Immunity
c)
Antibodies
d)
Antibiotics
45.
First recognizes foreign body and eats it and displays it to the other cells
a)
Macrophage
b)
T Cells
c)
B Cells
46.
What do memory cells do?
a)
Kills the virus
b)
Eats the virus
c)
Patrol the area and make the immune system work faster next time.
d)
Makes antibodies
47.
What is the first barrier against disease?
a)
White blood cells
b)
Red blood cells
c)
the skin
d)
leucocytes 
48.

When someone’s immune system overreacts to something harmless it’s called:

a)

Overreactus maximus

b)

An allergy

c)

A sneeze

d)

The measles

49.
Which is NOT considered FIRST line of defense?
a)
White Blood Cells
b)
Skin
c)
Hair
d)
Mucous Membranes
50.
The human body has both internal and external defense against disease.  Which of these includes only internal defenses?  
a)
hair and inflammation
b)
white blood cells and sweat
c)
inflammation and white blood cells
d)
skin and mucus
51.

The healthy human immune system responds to pathogens with both specific and nonspecific processes. Which of the following models represents a nonspecific response?

a)
b)
c)
d)
52.

A 3 month old baby contracts a virus called whooping cough (pertussis) after receiving the first of a sequence of 3 necessary DPT vaccines designed to prevent 3 diseases (diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus). The vaccines are given at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to allow the body to develop specific immunity against these diseases. After the infant recovered from the disease, the doctor informed the parents that from now on the infant would only need the DT (diphtheria, tetanus) part of the vaccine. Why does the infant only need the DT vaccine?

a)

The infant had the first of a series of vaccines which caused the disease

b)

The infant had the pertussis disease and has already produced antibodies against the disease.

c)

The infant had the first of a series of vaccines which protected him from getting the disease.

d)

The infant had the pertussis disease and will get diphtheria in the future.

53.

An immune response that occurs in the human body is shown above. This activity helps to do which of the following?

a)

Produce antibiotics to control disease

b)

Provide protection against a specific pathogen

c)

Provide protection against all types of pathogens

d)

Eliminate harmful gene alterations

54.

Some examples of external defenses are...Pick all that applies.

a)

Skin

b)

Mucus

c)

Inflammation

d)

Saliva

e)

Sweat

55.
What is the job of a cytotoxic "killer" T cell?
a)
make B cells
b)
promote more WBC's 
c)
make more T cells 
d)
kill cells infected by pathogen
56.

If a person has already had chicken pox, why do they generally not get sick a second time?

a)

Memory B and T cells activate the immune system before the virus has a chance to make you sick

b)

Natural killer cells recognize the pathogen quicker

c)

Your 1st line of defense does a better job

57.
When a macrophage engulfs a pathogen and displays the antigens, what happens next?
a)
Helper T cells pick up information about the specific pathogen
b)
B cells produce antibodies
c)
Killer T cells destroy more pathogens
d)
Nothing
58.

Means: "programmed cell death"

a)

Natural Killer Cell

b)

Mitosis

c)

Apoptosis

d)

CD4 and CD8

59.

Helper T Cells activate which of the following?

a)

Cytotoxic T Cells

b)

B Cells

c)

Macrophages

d)

Natural Killer Cells

60.

What cell marker is used by white blood cells to start a Cell Mediated Repsonse?

a)

An antigen

b)

An Antibody

c)

A MHC

d)

None of the above

61.

Which is the correct order of defense when first injured?

a)

Humoral--> Innate --> adaptive --> physical barrier

b)

physical barrier --> adaptive --> cell mediated --> humoral

c)

physical barrier --> internal innate--> humoral--> cell mediated

62.

What process starts Cell Mediated Response

a)

Phagocytosis

b)

Apoptosis

c)

Inflammation

d)

Barriers

63.

Cell Mediated Response directly destroys the Foreign Body

a)

True

b)

False

64.

Which of the following of a similarity between Cell Mediated & Humoral

a)

They both use Helper T-Cells

b)

They both attack antigens

c)

They both kill via apoptosis

d)

They use killer t-cells to destroy infected body cells

65.

What is the immune system’s first line of defense?

a)

Helper T cells

b)

Skin and mucous membranes

c)

Heart and lungs

66.

What is the immune system’s second line of defense?

a)

Inflammatory Response

b)

Immune Response

c)

Bottom of feet

67.

What type of cells assist with allergic and inflammatory responses?

a)

Helper T cells

b)

Blood Cells

c)

Mast Cells

68.

How does the release of histamine affect the blood vessels?

a)

The blood vessels contract

b)

The blood vessels dilate and leak

c)

The blood vessels lengthen

69.

What is the function of macrophages?

a)

Consume Pathogens

b)

Replicate pathogens

c)

Release pathogens

70.

Which term best describes something that the body recognizes as non-self?

a)

Antibody

b)

White blood cell

c)

Antigen

71.

What is the immune system’s third line of defense?

a)

Non-adaptive response

b)

Inflammatory response

c)

Adaptive response

72.

How does the cytotoxic T cell fight pathogens?

a)

It causes cells to undergo apoptosis

b)

It causes cells to take in pathogens

c)

It causes cells to turn toxic

73.

Which cell participates in the cell mediated response and the humoral response?

a)

Bacteriophage cell

b)

Helper T cell

c)

Helper B cell

74.

Which type of cell has the ability to make antibodies?

a)

Macrophage cells

b)

Helper T cells

c)

Helper B Cells

75.

Which type of cell keeps a memory of the type of antigen they were exposed to?

a)

Memory cells

b)

Antibiotic cells

c)

Pathogenic cells

76.

What do vaccines introduce to the body?

a)

Memory cells

b)

Inactivated or weakened pathogen

c)

Inflammatory response

77.

Which of the following is the first line of defense that prevents foreign material from entering the body or blood freely?

a)

Phagocytes

b)

NK cells

c)

Interferons

d)

Physical barriers

78.

 What category of immune response would sneezing fall under?

a)

Innate Immunity

b)

Acquired Immunity

c)

Humoral Immunity

d)

Cell Mediated Immunity

79.

Physical barriers for immunity DO NOT include

a)

Skin

b)

Mucous membranes

c)

Hair

d)

Digestive acids

80.

Which of the following is released by mast cells?

a)

Aspartic acid

b)

Tissue

c)

Histamines

d)

Declotting factors

81.

A rise in the level of interferon in the body would suggest which kind of infection?

a)

Parasite

b)

Bacterial infection

c)

Viral infection

d)

Cancer

82.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of inflammation?

a)

Neutrophils accumulate in enclosed tissue space

b)

Additional pathogens are prevented from entering the wound

c)

Pathogens spread away from injury slows down

d)

Local defenses facilitate repairs and regeneration

83.

NK cells are

a)

Able to secrete pus

b)

Able to engulf abnormal cells

c)

Able to lyse abnormal cells

d)

Unable to recognize cancer cells

84.

What is a neutrophil?

a)

A free macrophage

b)

A microphage

c)

A fixed macrophage

d)

A monocyte

85.

What are lysozymes?

a)

Destructive enzymes

b)

Regenerative enzymes

c)

Simple monomers

d)

Parasitic enzymes

86.

Fever is MOST beneficial to

a)

The hypothalamus

b)

The body’s metabolism

c)

The necrosis of cells

d)

The inhibition of viruses and bacteria

87.

Select all that apply. What are the three main contributors to disease occurence?

a)

Environment

b)

Agent

c)

Human

d)

Host

e)

Pollen

88.

the manner of development of a disease

a)

pathogenesis

b)

etiology

c)

pathology

d)

virulancy

89.

Capacity of agent to enter and multiply in host and produce infection or disease

a)

incidence

b)

virulence

c)

infectivity

d)

pathogenicity

90.

Capacity of disease to cause disease in infected host

a)

infectivity

b)

virulence

c)

taxogenicity

d)

pathogenicity

91.

New cases of a disease

a)

incidence

b)

toxigenicity

c)

infectivity

d)

pathogenicity

92.

Severity of disease

a)

incidence

b)

virulence

c)

pathogenicity

d)

taxogenicity

93.

Ability of agent to survive adverse environmental conditions

a)

antigenicity

b)

resistance

c)

pathogenicity

d)

virulence

94.

An organism or vehicle that transmits the causative agent or disease-causing organism from the reservoir to the host.

a)

host

b)

vector

c)

agent

d)

pathogen

95.
A microorganism that can cause disease is called a(n) ________________.
a)
pathogen
b)
host
c)
virulence
d)
autogenous
96.

Adhesion is ...

a)

component of appendage on the surface bacteria that helps their adhesion to other cells

b)

a protein that allows a pathogen to colonize the host's body

c)

a protein that allows pathogens to enter cells

d)

a protein produced by pathogens that poisons hosts cells

97.

Colonization factor is ...

a)

component of appendage on the surface bacteria that helps their adhesion to other cells

b)

a protein that allows a pathogen to colonize the host's body

c)

a protein that allows pathogens to enter cells

d)

a protein produced by pathogens that poisons hosts cells

98.

Invasion factor is ...

a)

component of appendage on the surface bacteria that helps their adhesion to other cells

b)

a protein that allows a pathogen to colonize the host's body

c)

a protein that allows pathogens to enter cells

d)

a protein produced by pathogens that poisons hosts cells

99.

A toxin is ...

a)

component of appendage on the surface bacteria that helps their adhesion to other cells

b)

a protein that allows a pathogen to colonize the host's body

c)

a protein that allows pathogens to enter cells

d)

a protein produced by pathogens that poisons hosts cells

100.

A pathogen bound to it's outer membrane and not freely liberated into the surrounding medium is a...

a)

Endotoxin

b)

Exotoxin

101.

A protein produced and released by a pathogen is a...

a)

Endotoxin

b)

Exotoxin

102.

A slime layer (biofilm) is produced by some bacteria to (select the correct response)

a)

Protect them from chemical messengers

b)

Allows large number of bacteria to congregate together

c)

all of these answers

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