WorksheetsUnit 2.2 Practice
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 34mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is a mutation?
a)
Change in DNA sequence
b)
Faulty protein
c)
Genetic disorder
d)
None of the above
e)
Ribonucleic acid
2.
Which base is not present in RNA?
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Guanine
d)
Cytosine
e)
Uracil
3.
The NF1 gene regulates what process?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Digestion
c)
Mitosis
d)
Respiration
e)
None of the above
4.
What is the first amino acid in every human protein?
a)
Methionine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Lysine
d)
Alanine
e)
Valine
5.
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
a)
Carries DNA's instructions
b)
Translates proteins
c)
Binds with ribosomes
d)
Catalyzes reactions
e)
None of the above
6.
A codon is a sequence of how many mRNA bases?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
e)
5
7.
What is the result of a substitution mutation?
a)
One base is exchanged for another
b)
One base is inserted into a sequence
c)
One base is deleted from a sequence
d)
A complete sequence is removed
e)
None of the above
8.
Which nucleotide base is unique to RNA?
a)
Cytosine
b)
Guanine
c)
Adenine
d)
Uracil
e)
Thymine
9.
How many types of nucleotides are present in DNA?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
e)
6
10.
Genetic disorders are primarily caused by changes in what?
a)
Proteins
b)
Cells
c)
Organs
d)
Sequence of DNA bases
e)
Blood type
11.
What happens during transcription?
a)
DNA is turned into protein
b)
DNA is replicated
c)
DNA is read and produces mRNA
d)
mRNA is turned into tRNA
e)
None of the above
12.
In protein synthesis, what does AUG code for?
a)
Stop signal
b)
Thymine
c)
Start signal and Methionine
d)
Cytosine
e)
Guanine
13.
Which nucleotide base pairs with Adenine in RNA?
a)
Thymine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Uracil
e)
None of the above
14.
If a DNA sequence is ATG, what would the mRNA sequence be?
a)
GAT
b)
TAC
c)
CTA
d)
UAC
e)
AUC
15.
A genetic disorder that results from a faulty protein is called what?
a)
Neurofibromatosis
b)
Mutation
c)
Deletion
d)
Transcription
e)
None of the above
16.
Where is DNA housed within a cell?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Ribosome
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondria
e)
Golgi apparatus
17.
Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
a)
Storing genetic information
b)
Building cells
c)
Supporting health
d)
Conducting cellular activities
e)
All of the above are functions
18.
What happens during translation?
a)
mRNA is read and produces a protein
b)
DNA is read and produces mRNA
c)
mRNA is turned into tRNA
d)
DNA is replicated
e)
None of the above
19.
When a protein needs to be made, a signal is sent to a cell to turn on the ____?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
gene
e)
DNA
20.
What is a mutation in the context of genetic disorders?
a)
Change in DNA sequence
b)
Faulty protein
c)
Genetic disorder
d)
All of the above
e)
Ribonucleic acid
21.
Which base is not found in RNA?
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Guanine
d)
Cytosine
e)
Uracil
22.
The protein that the NF1 gene codes for is called?
a)
Amino
b)
DNA
c)
RNA
d)
Neurofibromin
e)
Transcription
23.
Proteins are primarily responsible for what in the body?
a)
Energy
b)
Storing genetic information
c)
Building and supporting the body
d)
Assisting in DNA replication
e)
Producing RNA
24.
What starts the reading frame during protein synthesis?
a)
UAC
b)
AUG
c)
GAT
d)
TCA
e)
CGA
25.
What is one of the primary differences between DNA and RNA?
a)
Sugar type
b)
Number of bases
c)
Function in the cell
d)
All of the above
e)
None of the above
26.
The NF1 gene primarily regulates what cellular process?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
DNA replication
c)
Mitosis
d)
RNA transcription
e)
Protein synthesis
27.
Which mutation involves exchanging one DNA base for another?
a)
Substitution
b)
Insertion
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
e)
Inversion
28.
Where does transcription primarily occur in the cell?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Nucleus
d)
Ribosome
e)
Golgi apparatus
29.
Which molecule carries the instructions for creating proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
DNA
e)
ATP
30.
Which codon signals the start of translation?
a)
UGA
b)
AUG
c)
UAC
d)
GAT
e)
CTA
31.
What does a stop codon do during translation?
a)
Starts the protein synthesis process
b)
Signals the ribosome to continue
c)
Stops the protein synthesis process
d)
Changes the reading frame
e)
Initiates replication
32.
How is the complexity of DNA determined?
a)
Number of nucleotides
b)
Arrangement or sequence of nucleotides
c)
Both
d)
Neither
e)
By the type of sugar
33.
Where are the instructions for building proteins found?
a)
In the cell membrane
b)
In our RNA
c)
In our DNA
d)
In our amino acids
e)
In our mitochondria
34.
Which of the following is not a type of RNA?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
e)
All are types of RNA
35.
In a mutated DNA sequence, when one base is randomly changed to another, it is called a?
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Duplication
d)
Substitution
e)
Inversion
36.
In the process of translation, which organelles read the mRNA sequence?
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Nuclei
d)
Golgi bodies
e)
Mitochondria
37.
During which process is DNA turned into mRNA?
a)
Translation
b)
Duplication
c)
Replication
d)
Transcription
e)
None of the above
38.
How is the health of the body primarily maintained?
a)
Proper functioning of proteins
b)
Balance of DNA and RNA
c)
Presence of mutations
d)
Number of nucleotides in DNA
e)
Ribonucleic acid composition
39.
The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of what in a protein?
a)
Sugars
b)
Nucleotides
c)
Bases
d)
Amino acids
e)
DNA structures
40.
What type of RNA is used in the production of proteins?
a)
Transfer RNA
b)
Messenger RNA
c)
Ribosomal RNA
d)
Double RNA
e)
All of the above
41.
What is the first amino acid in every protein in humans?
a)
Lysine
b)
Methionine
c)
Tyrosine
d)
Alanine
e)
Glycine
42.
If a mutation occurs within a start codon, what could be the potential outcome?
a)
Protein synthesis might not begin
b)
Protein will be longer
c)
Protein will be shorter
d)
DNA will replicate faster
e)
None of the above
43.
Which of the following mutations involves the addition of a DNA base into a gene sequence?
a)
Substitution
b)
Insertion
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
e)
Inversion
44.
Which nucleotide base is replaced by Uracil in RNA?
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Adenine
d)
Thymine
e)
All of the above
45.
In the context of protein synthesis, what determines the type of amino acid that will be formed?
a)
The type of DNA
b)
The type of RNA
c)
The sequence of mRNA codons
d)
The number of ribosomes
e)
The cell type
46.
When changes occur to the sequence of bases in a gene, what might be the result?
a)
Protein might no longer function
b)
Protein might have reduced function
c)
Protein might have increased function
d)
Protein might have a different function
e)
All of the above
47.
What happens when there is a change in the sequence of DNA bases that make up a gene?
a)
The protein might not be affected
b)
The gene disappears
c)
The protein the gene codes for might be affected
d)
DNA becomes RNA
e)
DNA replicates
48.
If there's a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, it can result in a change in what sequence in the protein?
a)
Sugar sequence
b)
Base sequence
c)
Nucleotide sequence
d)
Amino acid sequence
e)
All of the above
49.
Where does transcription primarily take place?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Nucleus
c)
Ribosome
d)
Mitochondria
e)
Cell membrane
50.
Which RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
a)
rRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
Both mRNA and tRNA
e)
None of the above
51.
In which mutation does one base pair replace another?
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Substitution
d)
Duplication
e)
None of the above
52.
The sequence in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in the protein is called?
a)
Ribosome sequence
b)
Amino sequence
c)
Codon sequence
d)
Nucleotide sequence
e)
DNA sequence
53.
Which video helps in understanding the basic structure of DNA and the process of protein synthesis?
a)
Gene Mutation-Part 1
b)
Protein Synthesis
c)
Translation Overview
d)
DNA Replication
e)
RNA Interactions
54.
When DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which DNA base is replaced with Uracil in mRNA?
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
e)
All of them
55.
In the protein synthesis process, which RNA carries the instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm?
a)
tRNA
b)
rRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
Both tRNA and rRNA
e)
All types of RNA
56.
Which of the following mutations is caused by the removal of a base from the DNA sequence?
a)
Substitution
b)
Insertion
c)
Deletion
d)
Duplication
e)
Inversion
57.
How many base pairs are typically in the shortest human gene?
a)
500
b)
2.3 million
c)
1000
d)
10000
e)
1 million
58.
The start codon sets which of the following during translation?
a)
Reading frame
b)
mRNA sequence
c)
DNA replication
d)
Amino acid sequence
e)
Nucleotide pairing
59.
Which of the following is a primary building block of all life?
a)
Nucleotide
b)
Protein
c)
Sugar
d)
RNA
e)
DNA
60.
How are the instructions in the DNA molecule primarily determined?
a)
Number of nucleotides
b)
Sequence of nucleotides
c)
Presence of mutations
d)
Type of sugar in DNA
e)
Strength of bonds
61.
Which RNA is primarily involved in bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation?
a)
rRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
Both rRNA and mRNA
e)
Both mRNA and tRNA
62.
In the context of mutations, when one DNA base is added to a sequence, it is termed as?
a)
Deletion
b)
Insertion
c)
Substitution
d)
Duplication
e)
Conversion
63.
A gene mutation that results in a protein having reduced function could lead to what outcome in an individual?
a)
Enhanced abilities
b)
Normal function
c)
A genetic disorder
d)
Faster protein synthesis
e)
No change at all
64.
If a gene is approximately 2.3 million base pairs in length, it is considered to be the?
a)
Shortest human gene
b)
Longest human gene
c)
Average length of a human gene
d)
None of the above
e)
Typical size for all organisms
65.
Which RNA is produced during transcription?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
Both mRNA and rRNA
e)
Both tRNA and rRNA
66.
During translation, which RNA helps in assembling a specific sequence of amino acids?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
Both mRNA and tRNA
e)
None of the above
67.
What is the primary role of the codon chart during translation?
a)
Identify mutations
b)
Pair tRNA with mRNA
c)
Determine amino acid from codon
d)
Replicate DNA
e)
Transcribe DNA
68.
What is the primary effect of a mutation within a stop codon during translation?
a)
The protein becomes longer
b)
Translation speeds up
c)
The protein becomes shorter
d)
No effect on the protein
e)
Translation stops completely
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