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23-24 Earth Science Test Review - OL

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 21hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)

The continents were once a single super-continent and have slowly drifted apart over time.

b)

The continents have always been in their current locations and do not ever move or drift.

c)

The continents were once covered by large continent-sized snow drifts, but they have slowly melted over time.

d)

If you study the continents for too long you will drift off to sleep.

2.

Alfred Wegener thought these two continents looked like puzzle pieces that could fit together.

a)

Africa

b)

South America

c)

North America

d)

Eurasia

e)

Antarctica

3.

Who developed the theory of continental drift in 1910?

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Dmitri Mendeleev

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Isaac Newton

4.

What evidence did Wegener use to prove continental drift? (Select ALL that are correct)

a)

Matching plant and animal fossils on separate continents

b)

Matching human remains on separate continents

c)

Matching mountain ranges and coal deposits on separate continents

d)

Matching lakes and rivers on separate contients

5.

According to this map, which fossils have been found in BOTH South America and Africa? (Select ALL that apply)

a)

Cynognathus

b)

Lystrosaurus

c)

Messosaurus

d)

Glossopteris

6.

How did the evidence of coal being found in Antarctica support Wegeners claims about Pangaea and Continental Drift?

a)

Coal forms from tropical plants that only grow in warm areas, so Antarctica must have once been warmer.

b)

Coal forms from ice and snow that that only forms in cold areas, so Antarctica must have always been cold.

c)

Coal forms from tropical plants that only grow in warm areas, so Antarctica must have always been cold.

d)

Coal forms from ice and snow that that only forms in cold areas, so Antarctica must have once been warmer.

7.

Why did other scientists did not believe in Wegener’s theory?

a)

He could not explain how the continents moved

b)

He didn’t have evidence

c)

His data was wrong

d)

He didn’t use the right technology to gather data

8.

Wegener used evidence that the fossils of the same types of plants and animals were found on continents separated by oceans to support his claim about continental drift.

He reasoned that Plants & animals must have been able to:

a)

swim across large oceans between the continents.

b)

fly across large oceans between the continents.

c)

move between the continents because they were joined.

d)

move between the continents across a large bridge.

9.
What is Pangaea?
a)
the name of a German scientist
b)
the name of the super-continent that existed millions of years ago
c)
another name for continental drift
d)
the name of an ancient fossil
10.

What types of evidence did Wegener use to support the theory of Continental Drift? (Select ALL answer that are correct)

a)

evidence from land features

b)

evidence from animal fossils

c)

evidence from ancient climates

d)

evidence from plant fossils

e)

evidence from human remains

11.

Wegener's idea of Continental Drift was rejected by geologists because _________.

a)

He used too many pieces of evidence to support the idea.

b)

It is impossible to predict what Earth looked like millions of years ago.

c)

He couldn't explain HOW or WHY the continents moved.

d)

They were afraid of the new idea.

12.

Underwater mountain ranges are called ____________.

a)

deep sea trenches

b)

mid-ocean ridges

c)

seafloor spreading

d)

continental drift

13.

The OLDEST rocks on the seafloor are located?

a)

Closest to the mid-ocean ridge

b)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge

14.

The YOUNGEST rocks on the seafloor are located?

a)

Closest to the mid-ocean ridge

b)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge

15.

What theory states that the continents were once part of a super continent called Pangaea and have moved slowly to their current locations over hundreds of millions of years.

a)

Oceanic wandering

b)

Land-form Evidence

c)

Continental Drift

d)

Fossil Distribution

16.

What types of evidence did Wegener use to support the theory of Continental Drift? (Select ALL answer that are correct)

a)

evidence from land features

b)

evidence from animal fossils

c)

evidence from ancient climates

d)

evidence from plant fossils

e)

evidence from human remains

17.

Who suggested the theory of seafloor spreading?

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Alfred Wegner

c)

Mrs. Bratton

d)

Albert Einstein

18.

According to Wegener, the continents used to be joined together as one supercontinent known as:

a)

South Africa

b)

Eurasia

c)

Pangaea

d)

Potlopia

19.

How long did it take the continents to move from Pangaea into their current position?

a)

Hundreds of years

b)

Thousands of years

c)

Millions of years

20.

Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift?

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Albert Einstein

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Isaac Newton

21.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Eurasia

b)

Laurasia

c)

Pangaea

d)

Cornucopia

22.

The youngest seafloor crust is located...

a)

Farthest from the mid-ocean ridges

b)

Closest to the mid ocean ridges

c)

Nearest the continents

d)

On the land

23.

The process of new seafloor forming when magma rises at the mid-ocean ridges and solidifies, pushing older rock away is called _____.

a)

Seafloor Spreading

b)

Continental Drift

24.

Hot magma (melted rock) is ______ dense than the solid crust.

a)
less
b)

more

25.

Select all the TRUE statements about seafloor spreading

a)

The oldest rocks are located closest to the mid-ocean ridges.

b)

Seafloor spreading explains how mid-ocean ridges are formed.

c)

Seafloor spreading explains how the continents moved apart.

d)

New seafloor is formed at mid-ocean ridges.

26.

What are TWO pieces of evidence for Seafloor Spreading

a)

Youngest rocks are located closest to mid-ocean ridges

b)

Reversals of Earth's magnetic field are recorded by rocks in strips parallel to ridges.

c)

Similar animal fossils are found on continents separated by oceans.

d)

It is very hot in the United States in the summer.

27.

At the Mid-Ocean Ridges you can find:

a)

underwater trees and bushes

b)

deep sea trenches

c)

the oldest crust

d)

the newest crust

28.

The image shows a diagram of the ocean floor near a mid-ocean ridge. Where would the oldest rock be found?

a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
29.

True or false: The tectonic plates will never stop moving

a)

True

b)

False

30.

Convection currents in the _________ pull the seafloor apart.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Core

31.

What type of plate boundary is formed when two plates move toward each other?

a)

Convergent Boundary

b)

Divergent Boundary

c)

Transform Boundary

32.
A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....
a)

Move away from each other

b)

Move toward each other

c)

Slide past each other

d)

Move down into the mantle

33.

A fault is formed by the movement of a __________ plate boundary

a)

Transform

b)

Convergent

c)

Divergent

34.

Volcanic island Arcs form near __________ plate boundaries between two oceanic plates.

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

35.
Mountain ranges are created when....
a)

Two continental plates collide at a convergent boundary

b)

Two oceanic plates pull apart at a divergent boundary

c)

An oceanic plate subducts under a continental plate at a convergent boundary

d)

Two continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary

36.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
subducting
37.

What geologic feature/event would you most likely find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?

a)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

b)

Mountain range

c)

Rift Valley

d)

Volcanic Islands

38.

What geologic feature/event would you most likely to find at a convergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?

a)

Volcanic mountain

b)

Mountain range

c)

Rift valley

d)

Volcanic Island

39.

Old crust is destroyed at what type of boundary?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

40.

Plates slide past one another at _______ boundaries.

a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
41.

What type of boundary is shown in RED on this map?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

42.

What type of boundary is shown in BLUE on this map?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

43.

What two types of plates are shown in this model?

a)

Oceanic and Oceanic

b)

Continental and Oceanic

c)

Continental and Continental

44.

This picture shows a volcano being formed due to the subduction of oceanic crust under continental crust.

Which picture has the arrows drawn correctly to show the direction the plates are moving?

a)
b)
c)
d)
45.

A trench is formed at a convergent boundary when one plate slides under another. This is called subduction.

Which picture shows the convection currents moving the correct directions to create a convergent boundary?

a)
b)
c)
d)
46.

What two types of crust are shown here?

a)

Oceanic and Oceanic

b)

Oceanic and Continental

c)

Continental and Continental

47.

Which TWO geologic features are formed at this type of boundary?

a)

Trench

b)

Volcanic Mountain Chain

c)

Volcanic Island Arc

d)

Rift Valley

e)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

48.

Which diagram shows the movement at a plate boundary that would form a mid-ocean ridge?

a)
b)
c)
d)
49.

What type of geologic feature would form here?

a)

Trench

b)

Mountain Range

c)

Fault

d)

Mid-Ocean Ridge

50.

What geologic feature would form here?

a)

Mountain Range

b)

Rift Valley

c)

Volcano

d)

Fault Line

51.

Match the plate boundary to its diagram.

a)
1.

New crust is created

b)
2.

Old crust is destroyed

c)
3.

Crust is cracked but not destroyed

52.

The process that breaks down rocks.

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

53.

Wind, water, ice or gravity moving rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Deposition

c)

Erosion

54.

Sediment settling out (dropping to the bottom) of the water or wind that is carrying it

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

55.

Fragments of weathered rocks are known as ____.

a)

sediments

b)

deposits

c)

limestones

d)

sandstones

56.

The PHYSICAL breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces is...

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

57.

The breakdown and decomposition of rocks as a result of chemical reactions and processes

a)

Mechanical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

58.

Water gradually wearing down and smoothing rocks over a long period of time is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

59.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

60.

Waves dropping sand onto land until a beach is formed is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

61.

Acid rain slowly wearing away rock over time is an example of...

a)

weathering

b)

deposition

c)

erosion

62.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking rocks or pavement apart is an example of...

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

deposition

63.

Over long periods of time, deposition may change the Earth's surface by...

a)

forming new land features.

b)

washing away beaches.

c)

breaking down large rocks in to smaller ones.

d)

moving topsoil.

64.

Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river is an example of...

a)

deposition

b)

weathering

c)

erosion

65.

The roots of plant can grow into cracks of rocks and expand breaking the rock.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

66.

Wind blowing sand from one location to another is called...

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

deposition

67.

Match the following

a)

Weathering

1.

Breaking

b)

Erosion

2.

Moving

c)

Deposition

3.

Dropping

68.

Match the following

a)

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking a rock apart

1.

Weathering

b)

Muddy water being carried away by a fast-moving river

2.

Erosion

c)

Deltas forming at the mouths of rivers

3.

Depositions

69.

Which type of rock is made by small bits of rock, mud, or sand compacted and cemented together?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

70.

Which type of rock is made from lava or magma cooling and hardening?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

71.

Which type of rock is made from a rock being changed by heat and pressure?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

72.

This is a piece of granite. It was formed from magma cooling inside the Earth.


What type of rock is granite?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

73.

Which type of rock is changed by heat and pressure but does NOT melt?

a)

igneous rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

metamorphic rock

74.
Sediment goes through _________________ to become sedimentary rock.
a)
heat and pressure
b)
compacting and cementing
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
melting and cooling
75.

___________ rocks are formed from layers of sediments.

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

76.

Fossils are found in ____________ rocks.

a)

metamorphic

b)

igneous

c)

sedimentary

77.

Tiny bits of weathered rock that can be eroded away are called _________

a)

sediments

b)

magma

c)

deposition

78.

___________________ rock is formed from melted rock, either from magma below Earth's crust or from lava above it

a)

sedmetary

b)

igneous

c)

metamorphic

79.

Which type of rock forms from heat and extreme pressure?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Organic

d)

Metamorphic

80.

Lava which cools on Earth's surface forms an extrusive ____________.

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

sedimentary rock

c)

igneous rock

81.

The three groups of rocks are named for...

a)

How they form

b)

Color

c)

Grain size

d)

Chemical Composition

82.
Sedimentary and igneous rocks go through _____________________________ to become metamorphic rocks.
a)
weathering and erosion
b)
heat and pressure
c)
compacting and cementing
d)
melting and cooling
83.

what is the rock cycle.

a)

molten rock that is stored underground.

b)

rock material that forms where rocks are broken down into smaller pieces.

c)

a process that changes one type of rock into another type of rock.

84.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
85.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
86.

What is melted rock that has formed deep within the Earth called?

a)

Hot Spot

b)

Magma

c)

Lava

d)

Volcano

87.

Wind, water, and ice will breakdown rock into smaller particles. This process is called ____________.

a)

erosion

b)

cementation

c)

deposition

d)

weathering

88.

Wind, water, ice, and gravity carry sediments away. This is called __________.

a)

weathering

b)

deposition

c)

erosion

d)

cementation

89.

Sediment is left behind in layers at the bottoms of rivers, lakes, and oceans. This process is called __________ .

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

melting

d)

deposition

90.

Oil is formed from...

a)

the remains of dead marine (ocean) organisms.

b)

the remains of ancient rocks as they break down under pressure

c)

ancient swamps

d)

All of the dead dinosaurs

91.

Which of the following are renewable resources? (Select all that are correct)

a)

wind

b)

animals

c)

fossil fuels

d)

metals

e)

plants

92.

Fossil fuels are nonrenewable because...

a)

they are being made faster than they are being used

b)

they are being used faster than they are being made

c)

they are only found deep underground

d)

they are use to produce heat and light

93.
Renewable resources 
a)
can be replenished.
b)
cannot be replenished.
c)
are limited.
d)
are fossil fuels.
94.

Millions of years ago, the United States, Europe, Russia, and Australia were swamps filled with many plants. This explains why these areas have large deposits of _______.

a)

Coal

b)

Oil

c)

Natural Gas

d)

Gold

95.

A ________ resource is ANY useful material found in nature.

a)

natural

b)

alternative

c)

renewable

d)

nonrenewable

96.

What is represented by the image labeled with the Letter D?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Igneous Rock

d)

Magma

e)

Sediments

97.

What is represented by the image labeled with the Letter A?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Igneous Rock

d)

Magma

e)

Sediments

98.

What process is labeled with the number 2?

a)

Cooling and Hardening

b)

Melting

c)

Compacting and Cementing

d)

Weathering and Erosion

99.

What process is labeled with the number 5?

a)

Cooling and Hardening

b)

Melting

c)

Compacting and Cementing

d)

Weathering and Erosion

100.

Which numbers represent heat and pressure. Select ALL the correct numbers.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

5

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