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Benchmark Review-10.24

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 2hrs 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Olivia, Hannah, and Evelyn are working on a school project about farming. They learned that farmers spray pesticides on plants to protect them from being eaten by insects. However, they discovered that some insects have a genetic mutation that makes them resistant to the pesticides. They are now wondering how only a few resistant individuals resulted in the pesticide becoming ineffective. Which best describes this phenomenon?

a)

the resistant insects change the toxin on the plants, making it safe for others

b)

the resistant insects grow larger and eat less of the plants

c)

the resistant insects eat the contaminated surface and leave the rest for others

d)

the resistant insects are able to survive to reproduce and create a population that is also resistant

2.

Aria, Elijah, and Evelyn are studying for a biology test. They come across a question about the integumentary system. Which organ, that they are studying, is part of this system?

a)

brain

b)

skin

c)

heart

d)

lungs

3.

During a biology class, Evelyn, David, and Nora are studying the human body. They are trying to identify the organs that are part of the nervous system. Can you help them?

a)

skin

b)

brain

c)

muscles

d)

heart

4.

During a field trip, Charlotte, Jackson, and Kai observed a food chain. They noticed that the grass was eaten by rabbits, the rabbits were eaten by snakes, and the snakes were eaten by eagles. According to this observation, which organism gets the LEAST energy?

a)

eagle/bird

b)

snakes

c)

rabbits

d)

grass/plants

5.

Aria, Avery, and Charlotte went on a field trip to a nature reserve. They observed an eagle, a snake, a rabbit, and some grass. According to the energy pyramid, which organism would have the MOST energy?

a)

eagle/bird

b)

snake

c)

rabbit

d)

grass/plants

6.

Abigail is studying the life cycle of a frog for her biology project. She is trying to understand the importance of the cell cycle in this context. Which statement would best explain this to her?

a)

It enables frogs to produce tadpoles that are clones, just like Benjamin's science experiment last year.

b)

It allows frogs to grow, develop, and reproduce, similar to the frog Mia raised in her aquarium.

c)

It prevents overproduction of frog offspring, ensuring the pond in the schoolyard doesn't get overrun.

d)

It ensures the best adapted frogs survive and pass on traits to offspring, like in the nature documentary they watched in class.

7.

Abigail, Liam, and Noah are learning about the human body in their science class. Their teacher asked, 'Which organ is part of the digestive system that we discussed today?'

a)

heart

b)

skin

c)

brain

d)

intestines/stomach

8.

Match the following words with their definitions.

a)

ATP

1.

energy source

b)

osmosis

2.

water moving

c)

adaptations

3.

changes that increase survival

d)

prokaryote

4.

simple organisms

e)

eukaryote

5.

complex organisms

9.

Avery, Grace, and Noah are studying for their biology exam. They come across a diagram that represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. They start discussing the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme. Which statement do you think correctly explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

a)

A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

b)

The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells

c)

The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

d)

A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

10.

Ethan, Aria, and Olivia are studying the food webs such as the one shown, which were first used in 1927 by the animal ecologist Charles Elton. They are analyzing a food web that represents the feeding relationships among organisms in an Alaskan ecosystem. They are debating which organism's removal from the ecosystem would cause the most instability. What do you think?

a)

Auklets

b)

Foxes

c)

Salmon

d)

Zooplankton

11.

Elijah, Maya, and Liam are working on a biology project where they analyze DNA and RNA sequences to classify organisms. They use a dendrogram, based on molecular data, to represent evolutionary relationships within a group of organisms that are hypothesized to have descended from a common ancestor. After studying the dendrogram, which statement do they conclude is best supported by the information?

a)

Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to raccoons.

b)

Brown bears are more genetically similar to giant pandas than they are to sun bears.

c)

Lesser pandas are more genetically similar to raccoons than they are to giant pandas.

d)

The bear species are all more genetically similar to dogs than they are to giant pandas.

12.

Isla, Evelyn, and Sophia conducted an experiment in their science class. They used vinegar to dissolve the shells of three eggs and used these eggs as models of human red blood cells. They observed the changes in the eggs when they were placed in different solutions. In this experiment, which statement best describes the role of the cell membrane in this model?

a)

The cell membrane is an impermeable barrier that prevents water from entering the cell.

b)

The cell membrane allows solutions to enter the cell, which causes the cell to shrink.

c)

The cell membrane allows water to enter and leave the cell.

d)

The cell membrane removes solutes from the environment.

13.

James, Michael, and Anika found a structure in their biology textbook that looked similar in different species but had different functions. What is this an example of?

a)

vestigial structures

b)

embryology

c)

homologous structures

d)

fossil record

14.

Emma, Scarlett, and Aiden were discussing in biology class. Emma stated that viruses are considered nonliving because they need a host to reproduce. Is Emma's statement true?

a)

True

b)

False

15.

Samuel, Zoe, and Aria are studying for their biology exam. They come across a question about a process that follows the concentration gradient (high to low) but requires a transport protein. Which of the following processes are they discussing?

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

active transport

16.

Lily, James, and Arjun were studying marine life and learned that the giant octopus lays 20,000 to 100,000 fertilized eggs. They discovered that after hatching, most octopuses become prey to larger marine organisms, and less than 5% will reach adulthood to reproduce. They concluded that one benefit of the giant octopus laying many eggs is to — 

a)

 increase the average body size for surviving individuals to avoid predation 

b)

decrease competition between different octopus species to maintain resources in the population

c)

 increase the chance that more individuals will survive to maintain the population

d)

decrease the likelihood of offspring being consumed by predators

17.

In a biology class, Anika, Ethan, and Luna are asked to construct a graphic organizer to illustrate the different levels of biological organization in a forest ecosystem.

Which term does the X in their organizer represent, if it is one level above 'organism'?

a)

cell

b)

organism

c)

ecosystem

d)

biosphere

18.

Isla, Mia, and Samuel are studying the food chain in their biology class. They noticed a difference in the biomass of organisms at each trophic level. Which statement provides the best explanation for this observation?

a)

The organisms at higher trophic levels, like eagles, have less energy available to them than organisms at lower trophic levels, like grass.

b)

Organisms at higher trophic levels, like lions, require smaller habitats than organisms at lower trophic levels, like zebras.

c)

Organisms at lower trophic levels, like plants, provide less energy than organisms at higher trophic levels, like herbivores.

d)

Organisms at lower trophic levels, like rabbits, outcompete organisms at higher trophic levels, like foxes.

19.

Mason, James, and Hannah are studying the San Marcos salamander, Eurycea nana, a light reddish-brown translucent salamander about 2–5 cm in length. They discovered that E. nana is found only in Spring Lake and a portion of the San Marcos River.

They are discussing which human activity would most likely decrease the ability of the salamanders to survive. What do you think?

a)

Increasing water consumption that decreases the flow of clean water from the springs that

feed the river

b)

Public transportation that reduces the number of automobiles that contribute to pollution

runoff into the river

c)

Tourism that helps fund the educational programs related to river ecosystem conservation

d)

The addition of a new food source into the river that limits competition for resources

20.

Arjun, Grace, and Evelyn are working on a science project about plants. They are observing how water moves through different parts of a plant. Through which plant cells does water move by capillary action in their experiment?

a)

phloem cells

b)

guard cells

c)

mesophyll cells

d)

xylem cells

21.

During a biology field trip, Olivia, Evelyn, and Scarlett observed a tree. They learned that oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse in and out of a leaf through the

a)

palisade mesophyll.

b)

guard cells.

c)

phloem.

d)

stomata.

22.

Abigail, Benjamin, and Maya are observing a plant in their garden. They notice that the plant is adapting to the changing environmental conditions. They wonder which chemicals are helping the plant to do so. What would you suggest?

a)

sugars

b)

hormones

c)

enzymes

d)

pigments

23.

Benjamin, Henry, and Liam are studying about plants in their biology class. Their teacher asked, 'Which of the following best describes plant hormones that you learned in today's class?'

a)

growth regulators and chemical messengers

b)

enzymes, growth regulators, and chemical messengers

c)

growth regulators only

d)

chemical messengers only

24.

Harper, Abigail, and Daniel are observing a plant in their biology class. According to their observations, they conclude that a plant is a(an)

a)

unicellular prokaryote.

b)

multicellular prokaryote.

c)

unicellular eukaryote.

d)

multicellular eukaryote.

25.

Luna, Grace, and Emma are studying cells in their biology class. They come across a type of cell and they identify it as a prokaryotic cell. This cell is...

a)

A cell that Luna observed which doesn't contain a nucleus but does contain other membrane-bound organelles.

b)

A cell that Grace observed which contains a nucleus but no other membrane-bound organelles.

c)

A cell that Emma observed which contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

d)

A cell that they all observed which doesn't contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.

26.

Isla, Avery, and Abigail are studying for their biology exam. They are discussing where in the cell does cell respiration occur. Isla thinks it's in the chloroplast , Avery thinks it's in the central vacuole , and Abigail thinks it's in the mitochondria. Who is correct?

a)

chloroplast 

b)

central vacuole 

c)

mitochondria

d)

cell membrane

27.

Maya, Mia, and Ava observed a bird and a tree during their field trip. They noticed that the bird was building a nest on the tree, but the tree was neither harmed nor benefited by this. Which type of symbiotic relationship does this scenario describe?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Competition

28.

During a biology class, Luna, Grace, and Arjun were examining a cell under a microscope. The teacher asked them, 'Which part of the cell, often referred to as "the brain of the cell", were they looking at?'

a)

nuclear membrane

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

nucleus

d)

mitochondria

29.

David, Emma, and Aria are studying cells in their biology class. They are trying to identify the outermost part of a cell. What would they identify as the outermost part?

a)

cell wall

b)

nucleus

c)

cell membrane

d)

cell skin

30.

Benjamin, Ethan, and Zoe are working on a science project about plants. They are trying to identify the part of the plant that uses energy from sunlight to make sugar. What should they identify?

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

chloroplasts

d)

vacuoles

31.

Sophia uses mascara regularly. A mite lives in the base of her eyelashes, feeding on the mascara without causing any harm to Sophia. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

32.

Maya, Scarlett, and Charlotte are studying for their biology exam. They are discussing the four main macromolecules. Can you help them identify these?

a)

Fatty acids, monosaccharides, proteins, carbo

b)

Carbo, proteins, lipids, nueclic acids

c)

Carbo, proteins, nueclic acids and fatty acids

d)

Polypeptides, amino acid, lipids, carbo

33.

Ethan, Grace, and Mia are studying for their biology exam. They are discussing the functions of carbohydrates. Mia says that carbohydrates communicate as formal to perform chemical reactions. Ethan thinks they provide instructions for creating proteins within the body. Grace believes they are for long-term energy storage. While, Ethan's brother, who is a nutritionist, told him that carbohydrates provide structure and it has quick access. Who is correct?

a)

Carbohydrates communicate as formal to perform chemical reaction

b)

Carbohydrates provide instructions for creating proteins within the body

c)

Carbohydrates are for long-term energy storage

d)

Carbohydrates provide structure and it has quick access

34.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

35.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

36.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

37.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

38.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

39.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

40.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

41.

Mia, Kai, and Maya are conducting a science experiment. They want to understand what is needed to release energy from the apple slices they are using. They realize that cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from food. What do they need to be present for this process to occur?

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

glucose

d)

ATP

42.

Lily, Liam, and Rohan are studying plants in their science class. They learned that plants perform a process called photosynthesis. Later, they learned about a process called cellular respiration that happens in all living cells. What is a fundamental difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration that they learned?

a)

Only animals carry out cellular respiration

b)

photosynthesis requires oxygen; cellular respiration releases oxygen

c)

photosynthesis stores energy as glucose; cellular respiration releases energy from glucose

d)

photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide; cellular respiration requires carbon dioxide

43.

Avery and Mason are conducting an experiment in their biology class. They have a container divided into two compartments by a membrane that is permeable to water but not to sugar. Avery pours a sugar solution of high concentration on one side of the membrane, while Mason pours a sugar solution of lower concentration on the other side. What will happen to the water level during the process of osmosis?

a)

The water level of both sides of the membrane will decrease

b)

The water level on the side where Avery poured the solution will increase

c)

The water level on the side where Mason poured the solution will increase

d)

The water level on both sides of the membrane will stay the same

44.

 Avery, Sophia, and Kai are studying a paramecium under a microscope in their biology class.  They observe that this paramecium lives in an environment where water is constantly entering the organism.  They learn that the paramecium uses specialized vacuoles to pump some of the water back into the environment against a concentration gradient. Which of these processes is used to pump extra water out of the paramecium?   

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Electron Transport

45.

Mia, Arjun, and Benjamin are conducting a science experiment. They have a cell model with a semipermeable membrane and they observe the concentration of solutions inside and outside the cell. Which of the following statements best describes how the molecules will move in their experiment?

a)

Water molecules will move out of the cell

b)

Water molecules will move into the cell

c)

Solute molecules and water molecules will move out of the cell

d)

Solute molecules and water molecules will move into the cell

46.

William, Noah, and Mason are studying for their biology exam. They are using a diagram of a cell during mitosis where the centrioles are at opposite poles of the cell and the chromosomes are lined up midway between the centrioles. They are trying to figure out what would be the next phase of mitosis. Can you help them?

a)

anaphase

b)

prophase

c)

interphase

d)

telophase

47.

During a biology project, Daniel, Nora, and Noah discovered DNA sequences of an unknown species. Based on their findings, they concluded that the unknown species is most closely related to ________.

a)

Species I

b)

Species II

c)

Species III

d)

Species IV

48.

Maya and James observed two mammals, a kangaroo and a wallaby, carrying their offspring in a pouch. This observation provides evidence that these mammals______.

a)

belong to the same species

b)

must range great distances to eat

c)

have very similar skeletal structures

d)

are descended from a common ancestory

49.

James, Mia, and Avery are studying different organisms for their biology project. Based on the data they collected, which organisms do they believe are more closely related?

a)

G. atlantica and G. stehini

b)

G. galloti palmae and G. stehini

c)

G. galloti eisentrauti and G. stehini

d)

G. galloti eisentrauti and G. galloti palmae

50.

Rohan, Grace, and Evelyn are studying a cladogram for their biology project. Based on their study, they concluded that the chimp is more closely related to the _________.

a)

Hagfish

b)

Salamander

c)

Lizard

d)

Mouse

51.

David, Maya, and Zoe went on a field trip to a wildlife sanctuary. They spotted various organisms and used a dichotomous key to identify them. Based on their observations and the key, which organism did they identify as being purple and having a pointy hump?

a)

Deerus octagis

b)

Deerus humpis

c)

Derus purplinis

d)

Derus deafus

52.

Which organisms belong to the kingdom bacteria?

a)

Organisms 1 and 2

b)

Organisms 3 and 4

c)

Organisms 1 and 4

d)

Organisms 2 and 3

53.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

54.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

55.
Which evidence of common ancestry is being studied in this visual?
a)
developmental homology
b)
molecular homology
c)
anatomical homology
56.

Similarities between the bones/structure of two different organisms due to common ancestry and evolution

a)

Vestigial Structure

b)

Evolution

c)

Developmental Homology

d)

Anatomical Homology

57.

Similarities between organisms when they are Embryos (due to common ancestry and evolution)

a)

Vestigial Structure

b)

Evolution

c)

Developmental Homology

d)

Structural Homology

58.

(a)   homology shows the genetic similarities between organisms.

59.
What is one reason why some plants have scents?
a)
to shed extra water off the plant
b)
to take in nutrients from the soil
c)
to attract animals to spread its pollen
d)
to conserve water during dry periods
60.
Why might some plants have thorns?
a)
to stay safe from animals that want to eat the plant
b)
to attract insects that spread pollen to other plants
c)
to take in nutrients from the air
d)
to provide shade for the plant
61.
Why might some plants that grow on the shady rain forest floor have large leaves?
a)
to stay safe from predators
b)
to attract different animals
c)
to survive harsh winters with heavy snowfall
d)
to take in as much sunlight as possible
62.

Adapatations lead to...

a)

Unique organisms

b)

Evolution

c)

Mutations

d)

Stronger Organsisms

63.

Which adaptation gives the Bony Fish the best advantage of changing directions quickly when being chased by a predator?

a)

Fin with 2 lobes

b)

Flexible fin

c)

Thin bony spine

d)

Control of fin by muscles

64.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
65.
What type of symbiosis?  Skunks often live in burrows that have been dug and abandoned by woodchucks.  
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
66.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that often feed on parasites that infest impala.  This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
67.
A foreign insect is introduced into the Texas. It eats a lot of leaves, and trees start to become leafless. Many different animals feed on the new insect, but even they cannot control its numbers. Eventually, trees begin to die. Why would a rapid increase of the new insect population cause certain species of herbivores to vanish or be fewer in number?
a)
They would not have enough to eat. 
b)
They would not have enough space to live.
c)
They would not have tree bark to eat.
68.
A manatee is a water-dwelling herbivore on the list of endangered species. If manatees were to become extinct, what would be the most likely result in areas where they had lived?
a)
Certain producer organisms would become more abundant in the area.
b)
Other manatees would move into the area and restore balance.
c)
Predators in the area would have more food to eat.
d)
The area would not be affected.
69.
Raccoons eat aquatic animals. If chemicals entered the lake with rain water and destroyed the plants, how would this impact the raccoon population?
a)
Raccoons would have more aquatic animals to eat.
b)
Raccoons would begin eating land plants.
c)
Raccoons would have less aquatic animals to eat.
d)
Raccoons would only drink water.
70.
What do scientist call organisms that are not native to an ecosystem and cause harm to native organisms?
a)
native plants
b)
invaders
c)
invasive species
d)
natural species
71.
There are many large-mouth bass, a type of fish, living in a small lake near Waco, Texas. How would increased fishing in the lake effect the lake ecosystem?
a)
Predators of the bass might starve due to loss of a food source
b)
The population of the bass’ prey would decrease.
c)
The bass would spend more time swimming near the surface
d)
Water level in the lake would decrease as more fishing took place
72.
What would cause a decrease in the rabbit population?
a)
An increase in grass growing
b)
A decrease in caterpillars
c)
An increase in owls
d)
An increase in fox
73.
What happens to the Lynx (red) population as the Hare (purple) population increases?
a)
The Lynx population stays the same
b)
The Lynx population increases
c)
The Lynx population decreases
74.

An invasive species, the spiny water flea, was recently found in a New York lake. These water fleas eat zooplankton, a food also consumed by native fishes. The fleas spread from lake to lake by attaching to fishing lines, anchor ropes, and boats. Which statement best describes the effect of the water flea on the lake? *** Recientemente, se encontró en un lago de Nueva York una especie invasiva, la pulga espinosa de agua.Estas pulgas acuáticas comen zooplancton, un alimento que también consumen los peces nativos. Laspulgas se propagan de un lago al otro adhiriéndose a los hilos de pesca, las cuerdas de las anclas y losbotes. ¿Qué enunciado describe mejor el efecto de la pulga acuática en el lago?

a)

A) It will not compete with animals in the local food chain.* No competirá con los animales de la cadena alimentaria local.

b)

B) It will feed on organisms that are important to other species. * Se alimentará de organismos que son importantes para otras especies.

c)

C) The number of water fleas will decrease due to a lack of food. * La cantidad de pulgas acuáticas disminuirá debido a la falta de alimento

d)

D) There will be no effect on native species in the lake.* No tendrá ningún efecto en las especies nativas del lago.

75.

A list of environmental issues is shown below.• Rabbits transported from Europe overrun and deplete farmlands in Australia.• Many areas in the southeastern United States are overgrown with the kudzu plant from Asia.• In parts of New York State, bluebirds must compete with starlings originally brought here from England. All of these issues are the result of *** A continuación, se muestra una lista de problemas ambientales.• Los conejos transportados desde Europa invadieron y agotaron las tierras de labranza en Australia.• Muchas áreas del sudeste de los Estados Unidos están cubiertas con la planta kudzu de Asia.• En parte del estado de Nueva York, los azulejos deben competir con los estorninos originalmentetraídos aquí desde Inglaterra.Todos estos problemas son el resultado de

a)

A) introduction of nonnative species into stable ecosystems * la introducción de especies no nativas en ecosistemas estables

b)

B) genetic engineering without using adequate safety precautions * la ingeniería genética aplicada sin utilizar las precauciones de seguridad adecuadas

c)

C) preservation of habitats due to human population growth * la preservación de hábitats debido al crecimiento de la población humana

d)

D) use of foreign species to replace native predators * el uso de especies extranjeras para reemplazar a los depredadores nativos