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Review: Chemistry Final Exam for 1st Semester 2023-24

Total questions: 127

Worksheet time: 2hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is a common property of all types of solids?

a)

They have a definite shape and volume

b)

They can conduct electricity

c)

They are malleable

d)

They have low melting and boiling points

2.

Which type of solid has a sea of mobile electrons?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

3.

Which type of solid can conduct electricity?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

4.

Which type of solid is malleable?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

5.

Which type of solid is soluble in water?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

6.

Which type of solid has a high hardness?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

7.

Which type of solid has low melting and boiling points?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

8.

What is the main characteristic of ionic solids?

a)

Positive and negative ions are attracted to each other

b)

They have a sea of mobile electrons

c)

They are held together by attractive forces

d)

Non-metallic atoms are held together by covalent bonds

9.

Do ionic solids conduct electricity as a solid?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Only when dissolved in water

d)

Only when melted into a liquid

10.

Are ionic solids malleable?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

It varies

d)

Only when dissolved in water

11.

Are ionic solids soluble in water?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

It varies

d)

Only when melted into a liquid

12.

What is the main characteristic of covalent solids?

a)

Positive and negative ions are attracted to each other

b)

They have a sea of mobile electrons

c)

They are held together by attractive forces

d)

Non-metallic atoms are held together by covalent bonds

13.

Do covalent solids conduct electricity?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Only when dissolved in water

d)

Only when melted into a liquid

14.

Are covalent solids malleable?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

It varies

d)

Only when dissolved in water

15.

What is the main characteristic of network solids?

a)

Positive and negative ions are attracted to each other

b)

They have a sea of mobile electrons

c)

They are held together by attractive forces

d)

Non-metallic atoms are held together by covalent bonds

16.

Which type of solid is not soluble in water?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

17.

Do metallic solids conduct electricity as a solid?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Only when dissolved in water

d)

Only when melted into a liquid

18.

What is the main characteristic of ionic compounds?

a)

Positive and negative ions are attracted to each other

b)

They have a sea of mobile electrons

c)

They are held together by attractive forces

d)

Non-metallic atoms are held together by covalent bonds

19.

Do ionic compounds conduct electricity as a solid?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Only when dissolved in water

d)

Only when melted into a liquid

20.

Which type of solid has a sea of mobile electrons?

a)

Metallic solids

b)

Ionic solids

c)

Covalent solids

d)

Network solids

21.

what is a liquid?

a)

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume

b)

a substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely

c)

firm and stable in shape

22.

Liquid pressure is because of the forces between the liquid particles and the _________ of the container.

a)

Volume

b)

Mass

c)

Surface

d)

Density

23.

When divers return to the surface of water quickly, the pressure is ________.

a)

Increased

b)

Decreased

c)

Not changing

24.

The pressure in a liquid or gas is measures by a _________.

a)

Viscosity

b)

Pressure Plate

c)

Pressure Gauge

d)

Pressure Counter

25.

The pressure exerted by a liquid

a)

increases with depth.

b)

decreases with depth.

c)

is constant

d)

first increases and then decreases.

26.

The pressure of the water at the bottom of a pond is ___ at the surface of the pond.

a)

either lower or higher

b)

higher than

c)

same

d)

lower than

27.

Which of the following does not affect the pressure beneath the surface of a liquid?

a)

Strength of the gravitational field

b)

Area of the liquid surface

c)

Density of the liquid

d)

Depth of the liquid

28.

The diagrams show, to the same scale, the vertical sections of a set of circular vessels, each containing the same depth of water.

a)

The water exerts the same pressure on the base of each vessel.

b)

The water exerts the greatest pressure on the base of vessel S.

c)

The water exerts the greatest pressure on the base of vessel P.

d)

The water exerts the same force on the base of each vessel.

29.

When you increase your depth under water, the water pressure on your body

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

30.

Diagram shows the design of a dam. Why does the thickness of the dam increase with its depth?

a)

The design of this structure is stronger.

b)

Water pressure increases with depth.

c)

The cost of construction is lower.

d)

Water pressure acts uniformly in all directions.

31.

Which of the following does not affect the pressure beneath the surface of a liquid?

a)

Strength of the gravitational field

b)

Area of the liquid surface

c)

Density of the liquid

d)

Depth of the liquid

32.

The only pure non-water liquid that a person in pre-modern times would run into would be ___

a)

blood

b)

bromine

c)

mercury

d)

liquid fats

33.

Which two elements are liquid at room temperature?

a)

bromine and mercury

b)

bromine and gallium

c)

gallium and rubidium

d)

rubidium and mercury

34.

Which non-toxic brittle metal will melt in the palm of your hand?

a)

francium

b)

mercury

c)

aluminum

d)

gallium

35.

Which moon of Saturn is so cold that methane is liquid on its surface?

a)

Mercury

b)

Iapetus

c)

Dione

d)

Titan

36.

The attractive forces which mediate interactions between molecules are collectively called ___

a)

intermolecular forces

b)

intramolecular forces

c)

gravitational forces

d)

adhesive forces

37.

Using electricity, water can be split into ___

a)

solid and liquid phases

b)

solid and gas phases

c)

hydrogen and oxygen

d)

peroxides of hydrogen

38.

Because gas particles are so far apart, gases have ___

a)

low density and are only slightly compressible

b)

low density and are highly compressible

c)

high density and are only slightly compressible

d)

high density and are highly compressible

39.

Because there's a lot of interaction among the molecules, both liquids and solids are known as ___

a)

bonded states

b)

fluids

c)

cohesive liquids

d)

condensed states

40.

The particles in a solid are very close together, so they have ___

a)

low density and are only slightly compressible

b)

low density and are highly compressible

c)

high density and are only slightly compressible

d)

high density and are highly compressible

41.

The attraction of molecules in a liquid to each other due to intermolecular forces is called ___

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

concurrence

d)

uniformity

42.

The tendency of liquids to minimize their surface area due to intermolecular forces is called ___

a)

viscocity

b)

constriction

c)

surface tension

d)

stenosis action

43.

The resistance to flow, seen in liquids like honey and syrup, is called ___

a)

adhesion

b)

capillary action

c)

surface tension

d)

viscosity

44.

Liquid spontaneously rising in a narrow tube due to cohesion and adhesion is called ___

a)

surface tension

b)

meniscus formation

c)

capillary action

d)

condensation flow

45.

The attraction of molecules in a liquid to their container due to intermolecular forces is called ___

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

capillary action

d)

viscosity

46.

If the molecules in a liquid are more attracted to the container than each other, they will form ___

a)

an induced dipole

b)

a permanent dipole

c)

a concave meniscus

d)

a convex meniscus

47.

If the molecules in a liquid are more attracted to each other than to the container, they will form ___

a)

a capillary tube

b)

a cohesive sphere

c)

a concave meniscus

d)

a convex meniscus

48.

They can splash. They can squirt. They can bubble and fizz. They come in many different colors. What are they?

a)

Solids

b)

Liquids

c)

Gasses

49.

Liquids have to be kept in a ____________ so they won't spill.

a)

Container

b)

The sky

c)

The ground

50.

Liquids can change their shape.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

What is a solid?

a)

particles that are tightly compacted

b)

particles that are not tightly compacted

52.

what is a liquid?

a)

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume

b)

a substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely

c)

firm and stable in shape

53.
At a constant pressure, the volume decreases.  What happens to the temperature?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
54.
At a constant volume, the pressure increases.  What happens to the temperature?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
55.
At a constant temperature, the volume decreases.  What happens to the pressure?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
56.
A 2.00 L sample of pure oxygen gas (O2) is measured at STP.  How many moles of oxygen is this?
a)
24.4 mol
b)
0.007 mol
c)
1.44 mol
d)
0.09 mol
57.
A 7.00 L sample of argon gas at 420. K exerts a pressure of 625 kPa.  If the gas is compressed to 1.25 L and the temperature is lowered to 350 K, what will be its new pressure in atm?
a)
10.4 atm
b)
2920 atm
c)
2916.7 atm
d)
28.8 atm
58.
How many grams of N2O5 gas  are in a sample that has a volume of 2.00 Liters at 298 K and 100. kPa of pressure.  
a)
8.72 grams
b)
0.0807 grams
c)
12.3 grams
d)
883 grams
59.
Calculate the volume that a 0.323-mol sample of a gas will occupy at -8oC and a pressure of 0.900 atm.
a)
7.18 L 
b)
7.81 L
c)
4.63 L
d)
4.36 L
60.
The volume of a gas is increased from 150.0 mL to 350.0 mL by heating it. If the original temperature of the gas was 25oC, what will its final temperature be (in oC)
a)
146 oC
b)
10.7 oC
c)
58.3 oC
d)
422 oC
61.
How many grams of potassium chlorate are needed to form
3.45 liters of oxygen gas at STP?
2KClO3 (s) --> 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g) 
a)
113 g
b)
0.631 g
c)
12.6 g
d)
28.3 g
62.
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), a gas has a volume of
3.0 L. What is the new volume if the pressure increases to 303.9 kPa? 
a)
9.0 L
b)
1.0 L
c)
9.0 kPa
d)
1.0 kPa
63.
Under which of the following conditions do REAL gases behave most like IDEAL gases?
a)
High pressure and high temperature
b)
High pressure and low temperature
c)
Low pressure and low temperature
d)
Low pressure and high temperature
64.

According to ___________, if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressure of the gas will increase.

a)

Bernoulli's principle

b)

Boyle's Law

c)

Charles's Law

d)

Archimedes' principle

65.

At STP (Standard Temperature 273 K and Pressure 101.3 kPa), a gas has a volume of 3.0 L. What is the new volume if the pressure increases to 303.9 kPa?

a)

9 L

b)

1 L

c)

9 kPa

d)

1 kPa

66.

What is diffusion?

a)

The movement of gas particles from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

b)

The rate at which gas flows through the air.

c)

An explosion of gases.

d)

The ability of a gas to move from high pressure to a low pressure.

67.
At a constant pressure, the volume decreases.  What happens to the temperature?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
68.

A sample of pure oxygen gas has a volume of 2.00 L at a pressure of 101.3 kPa. What is the new pressure is the volume is decreased to 0.5 L?

a)

203 kPa

b)

101 kPa

c)

25 kPa

d)

405 kPa

69.

What are the values for STP?

a)

0 K and 1 atmosphere

b)

0ºC and 1 atmosphere

c)

32ºF and 1 atmosphere

d)

100ºC and 1 atmosphere

70.

A sample of O2 gas has a volume of 2.0 L, a Temperature of 298 K, and a pressure of 100 kPa. Calculate the number of moles of oxygen. R = 8.314

a)

495,514 moles of oxygen

b)

0.0807 moles of oxygen

c)

5.578 moles of oxygen

d)

12.39 moles of oxygen

71.

What is zero degrees Celsius converted to Kelvin?

a)

100

b)

273

c)

373

d)

212

72.

A 7.00 L sample of argon gas at 420 K exerts a pressure of 625 kPa. If the gas is compressed to 1.25 L and the temperature is lowered to 350 K, what will be its new pressure in kPa?

a)

0.000238 kPa

b)

2916 kPa

c)

4200 kPa

d)

93.0 kPa

73.

Which of the following explains the change in pressure when volume increases?

a)

As the volume increases, the particles slow down, causing less collisions and less pressure.

b)

As the volume increases, the particles speed up, causing more collisions and more pressure.

c)

As the volume increases, the particles have more space to move and collide less with the walls , causing pressure to decrease.

d)

As the volume increases, the particles have more space to move and collide less with the walls , causing pressure to increase.

74.

Calculate the volume that a 0.323-mol sample of a gas will occupy at -8oC and a pressure of 0.900 atm.

R = 0.0821

a)

7.18 L

b)

7.81 L

c)

4.63 L

d)

4.36 L

75.

What is movement of one material through another (higher concentration to lower concentration)?

a)

diffusion

b)

temperature

c)

barometer

d)

pressure

76.

The volume of a gas is increased from 150.0 mL to 350.0 mL when heated. If the original temperature of the gas was 25oC, what is the final temperature?

a)

58 K

b)

176 K

c)

128 K

d)

695 K

77.

What is an instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure?

a)

barometer

b)

thermometer

c)

calorimeter

d)

Kelvin

78.

At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), a gas has a volume of 3.0 L. What is the new volume if the pressure increases to 303.9 kPa?

a)

9.0 L

b)

1.0 L

c)

9.0 kPa

d)

1.0 kPa

79.

A sample of Argon gas occupies a volume of 1.8 L at 2.8 atm. What will its volume be at 1.2 atm?

a)

.77 L

b)

1.87 L

c)

3.0 L

d)

4.2 L

80.
Which of the following is NOT a part of Kinetic Molecular Theory?
a)
Gas particles have mass and occupy space (the individual particles have volume)
b)
Gas particles do not have mass and occupy space (the individual particles have volume
c)
Gas particles move in straight lines
d)
The more heat energy the gas particles have, the faster they move
81.
Diffusion is
a)
the ability of one gas to mix with another gas.
b)
the rate at which a gas flows through the air.
c)
an explosion of gases.
d)
the ability of a gas to move from a high pressure to a low pressure.
82.
Calculate the relative ratio of the rates of effusion (diffusion) of oxygen to nitrogen. Remember to use the equation for Dalton's Law... 
a)
4.00
b)
1.07
c)
3.74
d)
0.94
83.
At a constant pressure, the volume decreases.  What happens to the temperature?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
84.
Under which of the following conditions do REAL gases behave most like IDEAL gases?
a)
High pressure and high temperature
b)
High pressure and low temperature
c)
Low pressure and low temperature
d)
Low pressure and high temperature
85.
At a constant temperature, pressure increases.  What happens to the volume?
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
86.
At STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), a gas has a volume of 3.0 L. What is the new volume if the pressure increases to 303.9 kPa? The equation that you need use is the Combined Gas Law.
a)
9 L
b)
1 L
c)
9 kPa
d)
1 kPa
87.
A gas has a volume of 22.4 L at STP.  What is the new volume if the pressure is increased to 202.6 kPa and the temperature is decreased to 250 K? You will need to use the combined gas law for this question.
a)
10.3 L
b)
24.5 L
c)
48.9 L
d)
20.6 L
88.
How many molecules are there in a 110 L sample of gas at STP?
a)
8 x 1023 molecules
b)
8 x 1024  molecules
c)
3 x 1024 molecules
d)
3 x 1023 molecules
89.
A sample of pure oxygen gas at STP measures out to be 2.00 L.  How many moles of oxygen is this?
a)
24.4 mol
b)
0.007 mol
c)
1.44 mol
d)
0.09 mol
90.
Gases of the same volume contain the same number of molecules.  This is the description of:
a)
Boyle's law
b)
Dalton's law
c)
Charles' law
d)
Avogadro's law
91.
A sample of carbon dioxide at STP is 0.50 L.  How many grams of carbon dioxide do we have?
a)
0.48 g
b)
0.49 g
c)
1.96 g
d)
0.98 g
92.
A sample of O2 gas has a volume of 2.0 L, a Temperature of 298 K, and a pressure of 100 kP. How many grams of oxygen is this? Remember:
R = 8.314 L*kPa/(K * mole)
a)
2.58 grams of O2
b)
0.081 grams of O2
c)
6.022 grams of O2
d)
22.4 grams of O2
93.
Which is a quality that only gasses display
a)
Spread out to fill all available space
b)
Take the shape of their container
c)
Can't be compressed
d)
All of these
94.
If you increase the pressure of a constant volume of gas, what will happen to the temperature?
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Stay the same
d)
It will Blow Up
95.
What will happen to the volume of a gas under constant temperature if the pressure increases?
a)
Increase
b)
Decrease
c)
Nothing
d)
Explosion!
96.
How are pressure and volume related?
a)
Directly
b)
Indirectly
c)
They aren't related
97.
If a balloon is cooled what will happen to the volume?
a)
Volume will increase
b)
Volume will decrease
c)
Volume will not change
98.
Gas molecules can easily be compressed  because ___________. 
a)
gas molecules are soft
b)
gas molecules are far apart
c)
gas molecules follow the shape of the container
99.
Pressure is caused by ______.
a)
gravity.
b)
gas molecules colliding with each other.
c)
gas molecules colliding with surfaces of the container.
d)
gas molecules reacting with each other.
100.
Which container will have lower pressure?
a)
left
b)
right
c)
they both have the same pressure
101.
You decide to make a balloon animal. As the balloon is being twisted, it increases the pressure inside of the balloon. What happens to the volume?
a)
It increases
b)
It decreases
c)
It stays the same
102.
You go camping and roast marshmallows over a campfire. What happens to the volume of the air bubbles inside the marshmallows? 
a)
It increased
b)
It decreased
c)
It stayed the same
103.
A balloon will pop in the atmosphere because..
a)
Pressure goes down volume goes up
b)
Pressure goes up volume goes down
c)
temperature goes down volume goes up
d)
volume goes down temperature goes down
104.
Which of the following would increase the (gas) pressure of a system? 
a)
Increase the Temperature 
b)
Decrease the volume 
c)
Pump in more gas 
d)
All of these
105.
How could you make the stopper pop out of the flask?
a)
Decrease pressure
b)
Decrease temperature
c)
Increase volume
d)
Increase temperature
106.
How could you "re-inflate" the balloon?
a)
Heat the balloon up 
b)
Cool the balloon down
c)
Remove some helium
d)
Ask the balloon to re-inflate
107.

What variable is held constant in the diagram?

a)

Volume

b)

Moles

c)

Pressure

d)

No constant

108.

What relationship can be interpreted from the diagram?

a)

As volume decreases, pressure decreases

b)

As pressure increases, volume increases

c)

As moles increase, temperature increases

d)

As pressure increases, volume decreases

109.
Pick the best answer to explain all properties of gases....
a)
They're fluids 
Can be compressed
Little space between particles 
b)
They're solids 
Can be compressed
Lots of space between particles 
c)
They're fluids 
Cannot be compressed
Lots of space between particles 
d)
They're fluids 
Can be compressed
Lots of space between particles 
110.
What 2 variables are used in a Hot Air Balloon? 
[Hint:  Space and Heat]
a)
Pressure and Volume
b)
Volume and Temperature
c)
Temperature and Pressure
d)
Pressure, Temperature and Volume 
111.
Why does a car get low tire pressure in the COLD...what two variables are to blame? 
a)
Pressure and Temperature
b)
Temperature and Volume
c)
Volume and Pressure
d)
Temperature and Weight 
112.
What happens to the average kinetic energy of matter when it is heated?
a)
It increases
b)
It decreases 
c)
It doesn't change
d)
It cannot be determined
113.

Which metal can be cut using a plasma cutter?

a)

Aluminum

b)

Stainless Steel

c)

Mild Steel

d)

Galvanized Steel

114.

How hot is plasma?

a)

20,000 degrees Fahrenheit

b)

30,000 degrees Fahrenheit

c)

40,000 degrees Fahrenheit

d)

50,000 degrees Fahrenheit

115.

(a)   is considered an example of plasma.

116.

What is plasma?

a)

The first state of matter

b)

The second state of matter

c)

The third state of matter

d)

The fourth state of matter

117.

Is it possible for plasma to be hotter than the Sun and the Earth's Core?

a)

No

b)

Yes

118.

Who discovered plasma?

a)

Sir William Crookes

b)

Thomas Francois D'Alibard

c)

Marie Curie

d)

Galen

119.

Is there such a thing as cold plasma?

a)

No, there is only hot plasma that can go over 1000 degrees.

b)

Yes, it is often created using strong electric fields.

c)

No, there is no such thing as a cold or hot plasma. It is only in between due to the atoms making it in between.

120.

Where can plasma be found?

a)

Lightning

b)

Moon

c)

LED light bulbs

d)

Fluorescent lights

e)

Aurora

121.

The negative charge in plasma is usually due to:

a)

Electrons

b)

Neutrons

c)

Protons

122.

In a plasma, the electrons are no longer associated with a particular nucleus.

a)

True

b)

False

123.

What does plasma consist of?

a)

Liquid

b)

Neutrons and proton atoms in the gas

c)

Gas particles

d)

A gas of ions and atoms

124.

In a plasma, the number of positively charged particles is ______ than the number of negatively charged particles.

a)

more

b)

equal

c)

less

125.

Plasma can be created in a laboratory by:

a)

Melting a solid to release gas fumes

b)

Allowing hot gas to roam freely in the laboratory

c)

Heating gas to extremely high temperatures

126.

How hot is plasma?

a)

3000 degrees Fahrenheit and above

b)

3000 degrees Fahrenheit and below

127.

What is the best explanation for the image?

a)

Glass structure

b)

Crystalline structure

c)

Quartz crystalline structure

d)

Silicon dioxide rings

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