WorksheetsBio Domain 1
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 2hrs 14mins
What is the relationship between a monomer and a polymer?
Monomers are linked together to form a polymer
Polymers are linked together to form a monomer
Both monomers and polymers are made of the same subunits
A polymer is made of straight-chain units called monomers
The main element of macromolecules, along with all living organisms, is
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon
What elements make up a carbohydrate?
Carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Starches and sugars
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
If you need a quick boost of energy, which of the following should you eat?
Fatty acid
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
In what kind of molecule are the instructions for building proteins (i.e. genetic material) transmitted and stored?
Carbohydrate
Nucleic acid
Protein
Lipid
Proteins are polymers formed from
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Amino acids
Nucleic acids
What kind of bonds link the monomers in a protein?
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Peptide bonds
Protein bonds
What category of macromolecules make up cell membranes?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic acid
The function of proteins can include
Helping cells keep their shape
Helping to destroy foreign substances
Speeding up biochemical reactions
All of these
Which of the following is made up fatty acids?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Which of the following is made up monosaccharides?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Which of the following is made up nucleotides?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
If you want a long term energy source, you would need to consume
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids
DNA and RNA are examples of
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
If you are wanting to build muscle, you would want to consume
Proteins
Fatty acids
Carbohydrates
Sugars
How does a catalyst affect the activation energy of a chemical reaction?
It raises the activation energy of the reaction.
It lowers the activation energy of the reaction.
It has no effect on the activation energy of the reaction.
First it lowers the activation energy to start the reaction, then it raises the activation energy to keep the reaction under control.
What terms describes the reactants that an enzyme acts on?
Substrate
Lock-and-key
Product
Active site
Which conditions are likely to affect the shape of an enzyme?
Concentration of substrate
Temperature
pH
Both temperature and pH
What are the parts that make up the lock-and-key model of enzyme function?
Enzyme and products
Enzyme and catalyst
Enzyme and substrates
Enzyme and active site
What happens to a catalyst during a chemical reaction?
It is destroyed
It combines with the product
More catalyst molecules are made
It is not changed
An enzyme is a
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic acid
Which of the following is a substance that lowers the activation energy?
An ion
A reactant
A catalyst
A substrate
The specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme is called the
Active site
Enzyme-substrate complex
Binding point
Catalyst
Organisms need enzymes because
Temperatures may be too low inside organisms for reactions to occur without enzymes
The levels of reactants may be two low for them to react without assistance from enzymes
They need biochemical reactions to occur quickly enough to maintain life
All of these
Why are enzymes so important?
Because they act as a catalyst in the chemical reactions necessary for life within organisms
Because they cause decomposition reactions
Because they are the building blocks of proteins
Because they are the building blocks of DNA and RNA
Which of the following is made in the smooth ER?
Proteins
Ribosomes
Lipids
DNA
Which organelle helps an animal cell divide?
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Centrioles
Which is not a function of the cytoskeleton?
Supports and shapes the cell
Provides strength
Transports wastes outside of the cell
Aids in cell movement
A structure within a eukaryotic cell that carries out specific activities inside the cell is called a(n)
Organelle
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Which cellular structure helps control what enters and leaves the cell?
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Which of the following is the layer that surrounds the cell membrane of a plant cell and offers protection/strength?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cell wall
Mitochondria
Vesicles
The semifluid environment inside the plasma membrane is called
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
In which cell structure are ribosomes produced?
Cytoskeleton
Nucleolus
Cell membrane
Golgi apparatus
What is the function of nucleus?
It makes protein
It provides the cell with energy
It stores information
It transports materials within the cells
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that helps make and transport __________ and lipids. There are two types: smooth and rough ER. The rough ER is covered with ____________, making it appear different from the smooth ER.
Proteins, proteins
Ribosomes, proteins
Proteins, ribosomes
Ribosomes, lipids
What structure is only found in plant cells?
Nucleus
Vesicle
Vacuole
Cell wall
Which organelle is a membrane-bound sac that divides material from the rest of the cell and transports material around the cell?
Vacuole
Vesicle
Ribosome
Endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelle transfers the energy in glucose into molecules of ATP and is referred to as the “powerhouse” of cell?
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and digesting things?
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Endoplasmic reticulum
Vacuole
Which organelle makes proteins?
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Vacuole
Which organelle serves to process, package and export proteins and lipids?
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Plant cells have a large membrane-bound compartment in which water, waste products, and nutrients can be stored. This compartment is called the
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Golgi apparatus
Central vacuole
The organelle associated with plant photosynthesis is the
Mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Vacuoles
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both sites of
Energy transformation
Photosynthesis
Protein synthesis
Break down of materials
Which of following are only found in animal cells?
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Cell wall
Lysosomes
What does a eukaryotic cell have that a prokaryotic cell does not?
DNA
Organelles
Cell wall
Cell membrane
What characteristics are shared by most cells?
Most cells have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.
Most cells contain cytoplasm, are enclosed by a membrane, and have a nucleus.
Most cells are microscopic, enclosed by a membrane, and contain cytoplasm.
Most cells can be seen by the unaided eye and are enclosed by a membrane.
Would a poison that kills human cells by blocking pores in the nuclear membrane also kill bacteria?
Yes, both human cells and bacteria have a nucleus.
Yes, bacteria have a membrane on which the poison can act.
No, bacteria do not have pores in their nuclear membranes.
No, bacteria do not have a nucleus on which the poison can act.
In what ways are cells similar to atoms?
Both are basic units or building blocks
Both are alive
Both have electron shells
Both can be viewed under a light microscope
The cell theory states that the cell is the most basic unit of life, all organisms are made of cells, and all cells come from cells. What makes the cell theory a scientific theory?
It is based on a scientific publication that is read by scientists
It is based on the work of many scientists and leads to accurate predictions
It is based on ideas that have been proven true and that are not subject to revision
It is based on preliminary evidence but still needs to be confirmed with experiments
Cell theory says all organisms are made of cells, cells are the most basic unit of life, and
all cells are eukaryotic
all existing cells are produced by other living cells
all cells have a nucleus
all existing cells form by free-cell formation
Which of these features is not a component of all cells?
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Genetic material
Cell wall
Why is it easier for a virus to insert its DNA into a prokaryote instead of a eukaryote?
Prokaryotes have less DNA than eukaryotes
Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes don't have a nucleus
Cell wall in prokaryotes is a less effective barrier
Rapid growth of prokaryotes generates more viruses
Which structure acts as a boundary between the outside environment and the inside of the cell?
1
2
4
5
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is stored in
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 3
Structure 5
Structure 1 is which of the following organelles?
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Smooth ER
Centriole
Which of the following is a network of proteins that supports and gives shape to a cell?
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Which is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?
Communicate with other cells
Convert solar energy to chemical energy
Process and deliver proteins and lipids
Copy genetic material (i.e. DNA)
What are the main differences between plant and animal cells?
Animal cells are eukaryotes while plant cells aren't.
Plant cells are eukaryotes while animal cells aren't.
Animal cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; plants don't.
Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts; animal don't.
In which cell would you expect to find a cell wall?
Human skin cell
Cell from an oak tree
Blood cell from a cat
Liver cell from a mouse
All cells have the following:
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and DNA
Cell membrane, nucleus, and DNA
DNA, ribosomes, and cell wall
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus
What is a phospholipid composed of?
A polar head and a nonpolar tail
A nonpolar head and a polar tail
A polar head and tail
A nonpolar head and tail
How does facilitated diffusion differ from diffusion?
Energy is needed to move molecules through the cell membrane
No energy is needed to move molecules through the cell membrane
Molecules diffuse through the cell membrane
Molecules diffuse through transport proteins
Which of the following best describes the characteristics of the fluid mosaic model?
Fluid because the phospholipids can move and mosaic because the phospholipids form different shapes
Fluid because the membrane has water between the phospholipids and mosaic because the phospholipids differ from each other
Fluid because water can diffuse through the membrane and mosaic because different molecules types can also diffuse through
Fluid because the phospholipids move around and mosaic because there are several different proteins and other molecules within the membrane
What materials make up a cell membrane?
Phospholipids and proteins
Cholesterol and nucleic acids
Proteins, nucleic acids, and cholesterol
Phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins
What part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?
Head
Tails
Entire phospholipid molecule
None of these
Which phrase best describes passive transport?
Requires transport proteins
Requires no energy from the cell
Requires an isotonic solution
Requires facilitation by enzymes
During diffusion, substances move from an area of ________ concentration to an area of ________ concentration.
Higher, lower
Lower, higher
Higher, equal
Lower, equal
What term describes the difference in concentration of a substance from one location to another?
High concentration
Low concentration
Concentration gradient
Molecular gradient
The interior portion of a cell membrane forms a nonpolar zone that
Allows polar molecules to pass through the membrane
Allows food to pass through the membrane
Prevents ions and most large molecules from passing through the membrane
More than one of these
What term describes the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
Passive transport
Active transport
Energy transport
Concentration gradient
In what kind of solution would water move from the solution into the cell?
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Hydrotonic
A cell will shrink when it is placed in a(n)
Hypotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
Isotonic solution
More than one of these
Unlike passive transport, active transport requires
Concentration gradients
Diffusion
Energy from the cell
Vesicles
Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Osmosis is the
Diffusion of ions and small molecules
Diffusion of glucose and proteins
Diffusion of water
Active transport of water, ions, or small molecules
During active transport, molecules move from an area of _________ concentration to an area of _________ concentration.
Higher, lower
Lower, higher
Higher, equal
Lower, equal
What is the following is a form of active transport?
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
Protein pumps
A cell will swell when it is placed in a(n)
Hypotonic solution
Hypertonic solution
Isotonic solution
None of these
Molecules that are too large to be moved through the membrane can be transported into the cell by
Osmosis
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Diffusion
Which process requires no energy from the cell?
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Active transport
Facilitated transport
Which of the following phrases best describes active transport?
Moves substance against concentration gradient
Does not use chemical energy
Forms a vesicle around a large particle
Relies on diffusion of materials
Which phrase best describes the process of facilitated diffusion?
Moves molecules against a concentration gradient
Requires ATP
Moves only nonpolar molecules
Requires no energy from the cells
"That only certain things may enter or exit the cell, whereas others are not permitted to cross the cell membrane" is the best definition for what word?
Selective transport
Cell membrane
Selective permeability
Active transport
In the phospholipid bilayer which ways do the nonpolar tails face?
Toward the interior
Towards the exterior
The directions scatter
No tails exist in the phospholipid bilayer
Diffusion occurs when?
When something moves from a higher concentration to a lower concentration randomly
When something moves from a lower concentration to a higher concentration
When something stays the same concentration
When something starts to eat away at the cell membrane
What are the three types of passive transport?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and pumps
Exocytosis, endocytosis, pumps
Exocytosis, endocytosis, osmosis
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
What are the three types of active transport?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and pumps
Exocytosis, endocytosis, protein pumps
Exocytosis, endocytosis, osmosis
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis
Examine the following diagrams of plant cells. Each cell has been placed in a different solution. The cell in diagram 3 has been placed in a solution that contains _______ the interior of the cell.
Water that is warmer than
Water that is cooler than
A lower concentration of water than
The same concentration of water as
Examine the following diagrams of plant cells. Each cell has been placed in a different solution. The cell in diagram 1 has been placed in a solution that contains _______ the interior of the cell.
Water that is warmer than
Water that is cooler than
A higher concentration of water than
The same concentration of water as
Which phrase best describes the property of selective permeability?
Some molecules pass
All ions pass
Large molecules pass
All molecules pass
Frog eggs placed in an isotonic solution will
Shrink
Increase in size
Remain the same
Burst
The phospholipid bilayer is arranged based on the polarity of each phospholipid. Which of the following describes the arrangement?
Polar heads face each in the interior of the cell membrane
Nonpolar heads face towards the outer sides of the cell membrane
Nonpolar tails face each other in the interior of the cell membrane
Polar tails face towards the outer sides of the cell membrane
