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Viruses/DNA/Cell Cycle

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What makes up the SIDES "backbone" of a DNA ladder?

a)

Nitrogen bases

b)

Sugars & phosphates

c)

Genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

2.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

3.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
4.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
5.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
6.
Cytosine always pairs with
a)
Adenine
b)
Thymine
c)
Uracil
d)
Guanine
7.

What is the complement to the DNA strand below:
5'-ATGCCAT-3'

(a)  

8.
What is the significance of the sequence (order) of the Nitrogen Bases in DNA?
a)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the number of chromosomes present in an organism.
b)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the traits that an organism will possess (have).
c)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines the gender of an organism.
d)
The order of the Nitrogen Bases determines whether an organism is abiotic biotic.
9.
Assume that you have straight hair and your sibling has curly hair. What accounts for this difference?
a)
You have DNA and your sibling does not.
b)

Your sequence of nitrogen bases is different than your sibling.

c)
Your sibling has a weave. 
d)
Your sibling has a genetic mutation. 
10.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
11.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
12.

What is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein called?

a)

RNA

b)

replication

c)

gene

d)

protein

13.

What does DNA stand for?

a)

Deoxyribonucleic acid

b)

Diribose nutride acidosis

c)

Dinitro acid

d)

Deoxynitrogenic acid

14.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
15.

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, there is 20% Thymine, what percentage of Cytosine is present?

a)

20%

b)

60%

c)

30%

d)

40%

16.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
17.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
18.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
19.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
20.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
21.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
22.

What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA? ATCGAG

a)
TACGAG
b)
ATCGAG
c)
TAGCTG
d)
TAGCTC
23.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
24.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
25.

In DNA Replication, the enzyme ​ (a)   unzips the DNA and the enzyme DNA ​ (b)   base-pairs ​ (c)   nucleotides. ​ (d)   glues two new ladders together.

Choose from the below words
helicase
polymerase
complimentary
Ligase
Lactase
ATP
S-phase
26.

Organize these nitrogenous bases into the right categories

Categorize the following

A-T

G-C

C-G

T-A

A-G

G-T

C-A

T-G

Correct
Incorrect
27.

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Interphase

28.

Match the image to the correct answer

a)

1.

Prophase

b)

2.

Metaphase

c)

3.

Anaphase

d)

4.

Telophase

e)

5.

Cytokinesis

29.

Mitosis is the division of the​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
nucleus
cytoplasm
30.

Click where DNA replication takes place

A
B
C
D
31.

Cytokinesis is the division of the ​ (a)  

Choose from the below words
cytoplasm
nucleus
32.

How many phases does Mitosis have?

a)

3

b)

6

c)

4

d)

5

33.

Match each phase with its correct description

a)

Cell grows rapidly while carrying out normal functions.

1.

G1 Phase

b)

Cells must replicate their DNA before cell division to ensure that identical genetic information is passed to  the next generation.

2.

S Phase

c)

  • FINISHES GROWING

  • Errors in DNA replication are checked- if something is wrong, cell needs to fix its errors before it divides!

3.

G2 Phase

34.

What are the THREE MAIN events in cell division

a)

INTERPHASE

b)

CYTOKINESIS

c)

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

d)

MITOSIS

35.

What type of cells do we have the most of?

(a)  

36.

Put the Cell Cycle phases in order

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

e)

Cytokinesis

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
37.

What happens during G1 phase

a)

Cell grows rapidly

b)

DNA replication

c)

Checks for errors in DNA

d)

Cell divides

38.

What happens during G2 phase

a)

Cell grows rapidly

b)

DNA replication

c)

Checks for errors in DNA

d)

Cell divides

39.

The first phase of Mitosis is called ________

a)

Prophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Interphase

d)

Telophase

40.

Put the Cell Cycle events in order

a)

Cell grows

b)

DNA replicates

c)

Cell prepares for Mitosis

d)

Cell divides

1)
2)
3)
4)
41.

(a)   is the uncontrolled growth of cells, often resulting in a tumor or mass of abnormal cells

42.

What is the result of the cell cycle?

a)

2 cells, 23 chromosomes each

b)

4 cells, 46 chromosomes each

c)

4 cells, 23 chromosomes each

d)

2 cells, 46 chromosomes each

43.

The process of a cell developing into a certain type has two names, what are they?

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Differentiation

d)

Specialization

44.

Cells differentiate to perform different functions because

a)

all genes are turned on inside that cell

b)

all genes are turned off inside that cell

c)

different genes are turned on inside that cell

d)

different genes are turned on or off inside that cell

45.

There are about 200 cells in the human body. All these cells have the same DNA. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

c)

maybe

d)

it depends upon the type

46.

Unspecialized cells in our body that has the ability to differentiate into different types of cells are called

a)

specialized cells

b)

differentiated cells

c)

nerve cells

d)

stem cells

47.

While all of the cells in an individual are derived from a single cell, they can differentiate to take on many different types of structure and function. Cells can become specialized because –

a)

mutations can alter the molecular structure of cell membranes

b)

each cell expresses a different combination of genes

c)

scientists have discovered how to alter the DNA sequences of humans

d)

different cells utilize various forms of RNA nucleotides

48.

Match the following

a)

Polymerase

1.

builds the complimentary DNA strand

b)

Ligase

2.

bonds DNA fragments together

c)

Primase

3.

Indicates whee DNA replication begins

d)

Helicase

4.

"unzips" the DNA

49.
This image shows that DNA Replication is _______.
a)
Conservative
b)
Semiconservative
c)
Dispersive
d)
Spontaneous
50.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
51.
What is the name of the structure labeled X?
a)
Centriole
b)
Centrosome
c)
Chromatid
d)
Chromosome 
52.
Structure A refers to the _____.
a)
chromatid
b)
chromosome
c)
centromere
53.
How many chromosomes does a human cell have?
a)
42
b)
46
c)
24
d)
64
54.
Cell division is represented by what letter?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
55.

Apoptosis is

a)

programmed cell death

b)

mysterious cell death

c)

programmed cellular mutation

d)

mysterious cellular mutation

56.

The correct sequence of mitosis:

a)

metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase

b)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

c)

prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase

d)

telophase, metaphase, prophase, anaphase

57.
A cell spends __% of its cycle in ____.
a)
100, interphase
b)
10, cytokinesis
c)
40, mitosis
d)
90, interphase
58.

Which part of the nucleotide codes for our traits?

a)

phosphate

b)

sugar

c)

nitrogen base

59.

Somatic (body) cell division results in

a)

2 identical diploid (2n) cells

b)

4 identical diploid (2n) cells

c)

2 genetically different haploid (n) cells

d)

4 genetically different haploid (n) cells

60.

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus. Which of the following is an example of a prokaryote?

a)

Virus

b)

Plant

c)

Bacteria

d)

Fungi

61.

Besides DNA or RNA, what else is a virus made of?

a)

a cell wall

b)

a cell membrane

c)

a protein coat

d)

a carbohydrate coat

62.
Scientists classify viruses as nonliving.
a)
True
b)
False
63.

Which of the following is true for both bacteria and viruses?

a)

both contain genetic material

b)

can be killed using antibiotics

c)

have a cell membrane

d)

have a protein coat

64.

Viruses in the lysogenic cycle can be DORMANT. This means they....

a)

are resting and waiting to attack

b)

speed up reactions

c)

are infecting quickly

d)

catalyzing proteins

65.

T/F The influenza virus (flu) is an example of a virus that goes through the lytic cycle.

a)

True

b)

False

66.

When a virus attaches to a host, what does it inject into the host

a)

protein coat

b)

Capsid

c)

DNA/ RNA

d)

Envelope

67.

Which of the following is a risk of improperly using antibiotics to treat infections?

a)

Bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.

b)

Antibiotics increase the rate of infection.

c)

Antibiotics cause other diseases to develop.

d)

Antibiotics only work once.

68.

Match the following

a)

Infected with bacteria infection

1.

Treat with antibiotic

b)

Prevent a viral or bacteria infection by prepping immune system

2.

Vaccines

c)

Only infects bacteria

3.

Bacteriophage

69.

All viruses contain the following (choose 2)…

a)

Nucleus

b)

Flagella

c)

Genetic Material

d)

Capsid (Protein coat)

e)

Ribosomes

70.

A bacterium reproduces asexually by dividing to form two new bacterial cells. What is the name of the process by which bacteria reproduce?

a)

meiosis

b)

mitosis

c)

budding

d)

binary fission

71.

What do viruses need to reproduce?

a)

Genetic material

b)

A host cell

c)

Bacteria

d)

Insulin

72.
Why do doctors suggest that people get a flu vaccine each year?
a)
viruses replicate more rapidly over time
b)
viruses can mutate from year to year
c)
vaccines are absorbed by the body after a year
d)
vaccines get stronger over time
73.

Which viral life cycle kills its host cell by lysing (bursting)?

a)

Lysogenic Cycle

b)

Lytic Cycle

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Conjugation

74.
What process is this?
a)
phagocytosis
b)
lytic cycle
c)
lysogenic cycle
d)
formation of antibodies
75.

Which processes allows for the viruses DNA to lay "dormant" or hide in the host DNA while the cell reproduces?

a)

Lytic

b)

Lysogenic

c)

Enveloped

d)

Capsid

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