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WorksheetsUnit 2 (6th) BIG REVIEW
Total questions: 154
Worksheet time: 3hrs 34mins
A resource that we can use more than once is called a _____ resource.
Renewable
Nonrenewable
Reusable
Recyclable
Which of the following is NOT a natural resource
iPads
Trees
Wind
Fossil fuels
True or False: It is possible to make more nonrenewable resources in our lifetime.
True
False
What is deforestation?
Cutting down trees in a forest.
Planting new trees on empty land.
Using trees to produce oxygen.
Looking for new types of medicine in a forest.
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
Solar power
Wood from trees
Oil used for gasoline
Coal that powers a factory
Where are fossil fuels found?
In the Earth
In the forest
In animals
In the atmosphere
Fossil fuels are produced over _____ of years.
Hundreds of millions of years
Thousands of years
hundreds of years
every year
What do we need to use solar power for our electricity?
Solar panels
Sun panels
Solar engines
A sun motor
Why are trees considered natural resources?
People use them to make paper, lumber, fuel, and other products.
They provide shade.
They are a source of firewood
They can grow back after they are cut down.
True or False: Glass is a natural resource.
False
True
Which of these is the most sensible way to conserve natural resources?
Walk or ride your bike when you can, instead of driving in the car.
Stop using all electricity.
Never ride in the car.
Don't use any products made from trees.
How does recycling conserve resources?
It allows us to reuse things instead of making new ones.
It means there will be less garbage trucks driving around.
We can recycle everything, even food!
There will be no more trash at the dump.
the practice of reducing energy use
coal, oil, or natural gas that forms over millions of years from the remains of ancient organisms; burned to release energy
any material that occurs naturally in the environment and is used by people
A natural resource that humans use to make objects or to consume as food or drink is
a material resource
an energy resource
fossil fuel
plant or animal
A natural resource that humans use to generate energy is
a material resource
an energy resource
fossil fuel
plant and animals
Examples of geologic resources are
rock, minerals, soil, and fossil fuels
plants and animals
choose the ways to extract geologic resources. Choose all that apply
drilling
mining
shoveling
conservation
A deposit of rock that has a high enough concentration of valuable material to be extracted for a profit is called a(n)
ore
smelt
leach
conservation
__________________ is when a liquid solution is poured on the ore and dissolves materials and the materials are collected in the liquid and removed
smelting
leaching
refining
conservation
stewardship
This is the process in which fuels and products are made from crude oil.
smelting
leaching
refining
conservation
stewardship
The protection and wise use of resources is called
smelting
leaching
refining
conservation
stewardship
__________________ is the careful and responsible management of resources.
smelting
leaching
refining
conservation
stewardship
A(n) _________________ is a naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure and a definite composition
mineral
element
atom
compound
matter
A(n) ___________________ is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary means.
mineral
element
atom
compound
matter
A(n) ___________ is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the properties of that element; building blocks of matter.
mineral
element
atom
compound
matter
A(n) __________________ is a substance made up of molecules of two or more elements joined by chemical bonds.
mineral
element
atom
compound
matter
Anything that has volume (takes up space) and has mass is considered to be
mineral
element
atom
compound
matter
A(n) __________ is a solid, geometric form that results from a repeating pattern on atoms or molecules.
crystal
streak
luster
cleavage
The color of the powdered form of a mineral is called its ______________
streak
luster
crystal
cleavage
The way the surface of a mineral reflects light refers to its _____________
crystal
streak
luster
cleavage
The tendency of a mineral to split along specific planes of weakness to form smooth, flat surfaces refers to ____________
crystal
streak
luster
cleavage
How are minerals classified?
Minerals are classified according to their color.
Minerals are classified according to their chemical composition (what they are made of).
Minerals are classified according to their crystal structure.
Minerals are classified according to the way they break - either fracture or cleavage.
The two main groups that minerals are grouped into are
the silicates and the nonsilicates.
the silicates and the halides.
the sulfates and the sulfides.
the nonsilicates and the native elements.
Minerals that are composed of only one element are called
native elements
halides
silicates
oxides
The six main properties used to identify minerals are
color, streak, luster, how the mineral breaks (cleavage or fracture), density and hardness.
color, streak, luster, magnet test, density and hardness.
color streak, luster, density, acid test, magnet test, and how the mineral breaks (cleavage or fracture).
color, streak, luster, how the mineral breaks (cleavage or fracture), acid test and magnet test.
The 5 characteristics of a mineral include:
solid, formed in nature, usually made of inorganic matter, has a definite chemical composition (what is is made of), and a crystalline structure.
solid, formed in nature, usually made of organic matter, has a definite chemical composition (what it is made of), and a crystalline structure.
solid, formed in nature, usually made of inorganic matter, has no definite chemical composition (what it is made of), and no crystalline structure
solid, formed in nature, usually made of organic matter, has a definite chemical composition (what it is made of), and no crystalline structure
The most common group of minerals; contain oxygen and silicon; rock-forming minerals
silicates
carbonates
rocks
streak
A scale used to describe a mineral’s hardness; based on the fact that a harder mineral will scratch a softer one
thermometer
element
Mohs Scale
luster
The resistance of a mineral or other material to being scratched
streak
hardness
color
density
A property of matter representing the mass per unit volume
composition
rock
luster
density
Which mineral property is described by the Mohs Scale?
fluorescence
hardness
luster
cleavage
Which process must occur for sedimentary rock to form?
metamorphism
oxidization
heating
compaction
When rocks are changed from one type to another, this is referred to as
metamorphism
sea floor spreading
the rock cycle
compaction
Rocks are classified based mainly on their
mineral content.
grain size.
method of formation.
texture and shape.
When shale rock is exposed to heat and pressure deep under Earth's surface for thousands of years, it forms into slate. What type of rock is slate?
igneous
metamorphic
sedimentary
extrusive
Nora was on a vacation in Hawaii and decided to study some rocks. What type of rock is Nora most likely to find while on an Island in Hawaii?
She will find mainly igneous rock, because Hawaii has and was formed by active volcanoes.
She will find mainly metamorphic rock, because Hawaii always has high temperatures.
She will find mainly sedimentary rock, because Hawaii has a large amount of organic plant matter.
She will find mainly sedimentary rock, because Hawaii has high winds and ocean currents.
The wearing away of rocks is a description of which process?
Erosion
Drainage
Weathering
Infiltration
What are the three types of rocks?
metamorphic, lava and igneous
igneous, sedimentary and mineral
igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
lava, metamorphic, and sedimentary
What is the purpose of the scratch test?
to find the color of the mineral
to find the hardness of the mineral
to test its composition
A mineral is
formed from heat of magma
a solid matter formed in nature and found in rocks
a solid material made from many different kinds of rocks
made from layers of sediment
The processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the following except
condensation
erosion
weathering
compaction
Sedimentary rocks are changed into sediments by
weathering and erosion
compaction
cementation
heat and pressure
The rock cycle indicates that each type of rock can_____
provide materials to make other rocks
form other rocks
be changed by forces at earth's surface
all of the above
Name the two types of metamorphic rocks.
Organic
Foliated and nonfoliated
Chemical
Intrusive and extrusive
Name the two types of igneous rocks.
Organic
Foliated and nonfoliated
Chemical
Intrusive and extrusive
Name the three types of sedimentary rocks.
Intrusive and extrusive
Foliated and nonfoliated
Clastic, chemical, and organic
Conglomerate and sandstone
What is a rock?
A naturally occurring, solid combination of one or more minerals or organic matter
Magma cools slower underground making rocks with larger crystals with course texture
Lava cools faster on the surface and makes rock with small crystals with fine texture
Erosion, deposition, compaction (burial), cementation
What do we call the size, shape, and positions of grains in a rock?
Its makeup
Its texture
cementation
composition
What kind of rock can turn into metamorphic rock?
With enough pressure and heat, any existing rock can turn into metamorphic rock
With enough pressure and heat, only metamorphic rock can turn into metamorphic rock
With enough pressure and heat, only sedimentary rock can turn into metamorphic rock
With enough pressure and heat, only igneous rock can turn into metamorphic rock
What type of rock do we get from the cooling of magma under Earth’s surface?
Chemical igneous rock
Extrusive igneous rock
Intrusive igneous rock
Organic igneous rock
What type of rock do we get from the cooling of lava on Earth’s surface?
Chemical igneous rock
Extrusive igneous rock
Intrusive igneous rock
Organic igneous rock
How does the rate at which magma and lava cool affect the size of the crystals and texture of an igneous rock?
Magma cools faster=small crystal=fine-texture
Lava cools slower=large crystal=coarse-texture
Lava cools faster=small crystal=fine-texture
Magma cools slower=large crystal=coarse-texture
Rocks that have straight horizontal bands are normally what type of rock?
Chemical sedimentary rocks
Clastic metamorphic rocks
Organic igneous rocks
Clastic sedimentary rocks
Describe the difference between foliated and nonfoliated rock texture.
Foliated – mineral grains arranged in circles
Nonfoliated – mineral grains arranged in triangles
Foliated – mineral grains arranged in bands or planes
Nonfoliated – mineral grains arranged randomly
Nonfoliated – mineral grains arranged in bands or planes
Foliated – mineral grains arranged randomly
Nonfoliated – mineral grains arranged in circles
Foliated – mineral grains arranged in triangles
If I was talking about a rock being non-foliated or foliated, I would be talking about the rock’s …
Color
Composition
Texture
Type
Name the most common extrusive igneous rock.
Sandstone
Basalt
Granite
Schist
Name the most common intrusive igneous rock.
Sandstone
Basalt
Granite
Schist
What are the four basic steps that form sedimentary rocks?
Erosion, deposition, compaction (burial), and cementation
Heat, pressure, wind and rain
Melting, cooling, heat and pressure
Deposition, pressure, metling and cementation
What conditions are needed to make metamorphic rock?
Erosion and deposition
Cooling and melting
Heat and pressure
Compaction and cementation
Name two common clastic sedimentary rocks that we have discussed in class.
Quartz and limestone
Conglomerate and sandstone
Granite and schist
Basalt and chalk
What type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains or fossils of once-living plants and animals?
Extrusive sedimentary rock
Clastic sedimentary rock
Chemical sedimentary rock
Organic sedimentary rock
Where does metamorphic rock form?
Deep underground
On Earth's surface
In the ocean
In a dessert
Why does metamorphic rock it form deep underground?
Heat and pressure are needed.
Pressure from rock above and heat from the magma below
Cementation and erosion are needed.
Cementation from rock above and erosion from the wind
Weathering and deposition are needed.
Weathering from the emelents above and deposition from the wind
What are clastic sedimentary rocks made from?
Sediment and pieces from other rock
The remains or fossils of once-living plants and animals
Heat and pressure
Mineral grains arranged in bands of planes
If a volcano erupts on Earth's surface, what type of rock would be created?
extrusive
intrusive
sedimentary
metamorphic
If a rock is forming deep underground, which will it most likely become?
granite
basalt
gneiss
obsidian
____________________________ metamorphic rocks do not have grains arranged in planes or bands.
Nonfoliated
Foliated
What is 4 x 5?
15
20
22
25
Soil is a loose mixture of:
Organic materials.
Organic and inorganic materials.
Dead and decaying micro organisms.
Soil Profile
Horizon A
Horizon B
Horizon C
In which horizon do most animals such as bugs live?
Humus
Topsoil
Subsoil
Parent Material
Bedrock
Below which layer is the parent material?
Horizon O
Horizon A
Horizon B
Horizon C
Horizon R
It can take a long time for soil to form. Which are the primary factors that affect soil formation?
rainfall, temperature, wind, time, and plants
time, climate, topography, plants, and animals
parent rock, sunshine, plants, animals, and bacteria
climate, parent rock, topography, living things, and time
Select the definition of soil
layers of soil with distinct physical properties in a soil profile
mixture of weathered rock, organic material, water, and air
decomposed organic matter
vertical section showing the soil horizons
The rate of soil development depends on these main factors:
Rock type
Climate
Topography
Organisms
Gravity
Which of the following factors, controls soil formation.
Landscape
Parent Materials
Climate
Organisms
Time
Topography refers to .......
the climate
the slope of the lanscape
the humus content
structure of the soil
In the process of soil formation the rocks are worn away by the agents of :
Water
Wind
Micro organisms
Rivers
Glaciers
The thickness of the soil profile is affected by the (a) taken for the soil to form.
Coral stones and seashells break down and form (a)
Fossil fuels are renewable because the Earth provides humans with an unlimited amount.
True
False
What are the 3 main fossil fuels?
Coal, Oil, and Gasoline
Uranium, Gasoline, Petroleum
Coal, Oil, Biomass
Coal, Oil, Natural Gas
Oil and natural gas were formed from
Dead Plants (Peat)
Water
Dead marine animals (plankton)
Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource?
Biomass
Oil
Geothermal
Water
Fossil fuels are classified as nonrenewable because they...
require expensive equipment
can be found all over
take millions of years to replace
provide all the energy we use
What is coal made of?
decomposed plant remains
Sand and dirt
Dead plankton
Diamond
The nonrenewable resources that gives off the least pollution is...
Coal
Solar Energy
Nuclear Energy
Oil
Most of the energy in the United States comes from
Renewable Energy Resources
Solar Energy
Fossil Fuels
Hydro power
What is the problem with using fossil fuels?
They are renewable
They create a lot of pollution
They are cheap
They don't create a lot of energy
What does non-renewable mean?
Something that lasts forever
Something that can be replenished
Something that is not expensive
Something that is limited and cannot be replaced quickly
Nonrenewable energy resources are used over renewable energy resources because
They are more fancy
They typically generate a lot of power & are easy to use
They will not run out any time soon
They are natural
Nonrenewable energy resources...
Typically give off green house gases while renewable resources don't
Are just as clean & environmentally friendly as renewable energy resources
Are good for our health and well being
Why are fossils fuels so widely used?
They are renewable so they won't run out.
They pollution they produce is less compared to renewable energy sources.
They are easy to obtain and process.
They don't disrupt the environment when mined from the earth.
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
biomass
wind
solar
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
hydroelectric
wind
solar
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
biomass
wind
solar
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
biomass
tidal
solar
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
biomass
tidal
wind
What kind of renewable energy does this picture represent?
geothermal
biomass
tidal
wind
Moving air is what type of renewable energy resource?
(a)
Biomass energy comes from ____________.
the earth
the wind
plants
the sun
What is needed to convert solar energy into electricity?
wind turbine
steam
solar panels
water turbine
What renewable energy resource uses steam from the earth to turn turbines?
biomass
geothermal
wind
hydroelectric
________________ are needed to create energy from wind.
Wind turbines
Solar panels
Heat pumps
Water turbines
What renewable energy resource uses steam from the earth to turn turbines?
hydroelectric
geothermal
solar
wind
Which is an advantage for using wind energy?
It is clean without any pollutants.
Wind is inconsistent.
It is a great source because it is windy everywhere.
It is dangerous to birds.
What is a disadvantage for using wind energy?
It is efficient and cheap.
Wind is inconsistent.
Dependent on rain.
It uses expensive power plants.
Check all that apply.
Which of these are advantages for using solar?
Reliable and quiet
Free energy after purchasing the solar panels
Energy cannot be created at night.
Releases harmful pollutants into the air.
Check all that apply.
What are the disadvantages for using solar energy?
Not a good source of energy in places without much sun.
Only converts 20% of the sun's energy to electricity.
Noisy
Causes environmental impact for plants and wildlife.
Which of these is a disadvantage for biomass?
Growing crops for biofuels requires large amounts of land.
Uses materials that might normally be thrown away
Can be stored and used when needed
Releases less harmful pollutants into the air
Which of these is an advantage for using biomass?
Growing crops for biofuels requires large amounts of land.
Uses materials that might normally be thrown away
Using pesticides on crops can pollute
Releases harmful pollutants into the air
Check all that apply.
What are the advantages of using hydroelectric power?
Energy is inexpensive to capture.
It is an available resource because rivers are everywhere.
Reliable because the flow of water can be controlled.
Expensive to build dams.
Check all that apply.
What are the disadvantages of using hydroelectric power?
Damming a river causes a great environmental impact for people, plants, and wildlife..
Dependent on rainfall to fill reservoir.
Reliable because the flow of water can be controlled.
Expensive to build dams.
What is one advantage of geothermal energy?
It is a wide spread source of energy
It is expensive to build power plants.
It is easy to transport.
Does not require another fuel source to produce it.
Check all that apply.
What are the disadvantages of geothermal energy?
It is not a wide spread source of energy
It is expensive to build power plants.
It is not easy to transport.
It is a clean energy.
What are the 2 main sources of of renewable energy resources?
sun
earth
wind
water
