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WorksheetsEarth and Space Science CHAPTER3
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins
A nucleus contains which particles?
Protons and neutrons
Protons and electrons
Neutrons, protons, and electrons
Electrons and neutrons
What is formed when two or more atoms link up?
Molecule
Proton
Ion
Element
Which of the following is a particle with a positive electric charge?
Electron
Nucleus
Proton
Neutron
How can the ratio of different elements affect matter?
It affects the temperature of matter
It determines the size of matter
It affects the physical and chemical properties of matter
It has no impact on matter
Between the equator and the North Pole is Earth's _______
Northern quartersphere
Northern halfsphere
Northern hemisphere
Northern demisphere
The _______ Hemisphere is West of the Prime Meridian to the International Date Line.
Western
Eastern
Southern
Northern
The arc shape of Earth's shadow on the moon during a ________ eclipse exposed Earth as being round
Lunar
Solar
Without Earth's magnetic field, complex life could probably not exist.
TRUE
FALSE
The Earth is surrounded by a/an ________.
Electric field
Magnetic field
Both A and B
None of the above
Earth's magnetic field ________
Remains constant
Has changed direction in the past
Varies with the gravitational force
None of the above
A magnetic field is generated by convection in the liquid outer core.
TRUE
FALSE
The length of a day and a night is different in different locations on Earth and in different seasons.
TRUE
FALSE
Earth's axis of rotation passes through the planet from the North Pole to the ________.
South Pole
Core
Prime Meridian
Equator
What is the name for the imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth from the North to the South Pole?
Geographic Pole
Magnetic Pole
Axis
Equator
Even though a day-night cycle is always 24 hours, which of these factors vary by location?
Sunrise and sunset
The length of day and night
The amount of daylight and darkness
All of these
_______ takes the shortest time to make one revolution around the sun, while Neptune takes the longest.
Venus
Mercury
Mars
The Earth takes approximately 365.25 days to revolve around the Sun. To account for the time beyond 365 days, we add a day to the calendar ___________.
Every 5th year
Every 4th year
Every other year
Every 3rd year
Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model, in which the planets orbit the Sun.
TRUE
FALSE
The Coriolis effect:
The apparent motion of freely moving objects as Earth rotates beneath them
The force of Earth's rotation pushing on freely moving objects
What happens when freely moving objects, like air and water, meet high and low pressure cells
None of these
What is the direction of deflection in the Southern Hemisphere?
Right
Upwards
Both A and B
Left
What is the direction of deflection in the Northern Hemisphere?
Left
Downwards
Upwards
Right
What happens in the Northern Hemisphere around September 22?
Summer solstice
Autumnal equinox
Vernal equinox
Winter solsitce
Which hemisphere experiences the spring equinox on March 21 or 22?
Western
Southern
Northern
Eastern
Which of the following is the main cause of seasonal changes on Earth?
The tilt of Earth's axis of rotation
The Earth's rotation on its axis
The Earth's orbit sometimes brings it closer to the Sun
Why do the poles receive less solar radiation than the Equator?
The Sun's rays strike at a low angle and only during the summer
The Sun's rays strike directly but only during summer
The Sun's rays strike at a high angle in the winter and directly in the summer
None of the above
A lunar eclipse happens when the Moon moves through the shadow of the Earth.
TRUE
FALSE
The umbra is the part of the shadow in which light is ___________
Completely blocked
Partially lit
Partially blocked
Completely lit
During a solar eclipse, the corona and solar prominences can be seen.
TRUE
FALSE
What happens to the temperature as the Earth is covered by the Moon's shadow?
It will get cooler outside
It will get hotter outside
The temperature will not change
Solar eclipses occur when the Moon is in what phase?
Full
Crescent
Quarter
New
A ________ eclipse occurs when the moon casts its shadow across Earth.
Lunar
Solar
A lunar eclipse lasts for hours because:
The Moon moves more slowly during an eclipse
Multiple planetary bodies are blocking the Moon
Earth's shadow is small
Earth's shadow is large
Which of these is true of total lunar eclipses?
They are less common than partial lunar eclipses
The whole Moon enters Earth's umbra
They last for hours
All of the above
Why can a faint image of the Moon be seen during a new moon?
Light from other stars reflects off the Moon
Sunlight reflects off Earth and hits the Moon
The Moon emits some of its own light
What moon phase appears when the Moon is between the Earth and the Sun?
New moon
Full moon
Quarter moon
Gibbous moon
Which of the following statements describe why the moon has different phases?
The moon's atmosphere causes variations in the amount of light it can reflect, resulting in different phases
The moon's phases are caused by changes in Earth's magnetic field
The moon's phases change due to the rotation of Earth
The Moon's orbit around the Earth results in varying portions of the Moon's lit surface to be visible from Earth
During a new moon, the moon is between _______ and Earth, so the side of the moon facing Earth is completely unlit.
Mars
A spaceship
A satellite
The Sun
How does Earth's overall density compare to the crust?
It is more dense
It is less dense
It has the same density
In what ways could a geologist's understanding of the Earth's layers assist in their investigation of earthquakes?
By analyzing seismic waves and determining the characteristics of various rock and soil layers, which help assess earthquake hazards
Geologists can manipulate seismic activity and prevent or minimize the strength of earthquakes
Geologists analyze how seismic waves travel through rock material to determine what rare minerals are present
By studying the Earth's layers, geologists can predict the magnitude of an earthquake
How do seismic waves give scientists information about Earth's interior?
They travel at constant speeds
They change speed and direction through different materials
They behave the same in all materials
They travel in straight lines
What layer is the seafloor a part of?
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Atmosphere
Lithosphere
Which example BEST describes an interaction between the lithosphere and hydrosphere?
Movement of tectonic plates, causing earthquakes
Rivers eroding away banks and transporting sediment downstream
Wildlife, such as lizards, making homes in sandstone rocks by burrowing into the rock
Tectonic plates thrusting together to form a mountain range
Ponds, rivers, glaciers, and oceans are part of which system?
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Which outer layer of Earth consists of the parts of Earth made of solid rock?
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Which layer is mostly made of oxygen and nitrogen?
Atmosphere
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
The mantle is what layer of Earth?
Inner
Middle
Outer
What is true about the crust?
There are two types of crust, continental and oceanic.
The crust is less than 1% of Earth's mass
It is the outermost layer
All of the above
What is the layer of Earth directly below the lithosphere?
Crust
Mesosphere
Outer core
Asthenosphere
Oceanic crust is _______.
Mostly made of gabbro
Almost all formed with granitic rock
A granitic layer with sediments on top
Mostly formed from basalt lava
The continental crust rises higher on the mantle than the oceanic crust because of its relatively low density.
TRUE
FALSE
Which of the following is true for oceanic crust?
It is thicker than the continental crust
It is less dense than continental crust
It makes up the seafloor
It is felsic in nature
Continental crust is made up of _______
Metamorphic rocks
Igneous rocks
Sedimentary rocks
All of the above
Peridotite is primarily found in which of the following layers of the Earth?
Mantle
Outer core
Crust
Inner core
Select all possible answers:
Which of the following is a real world example of demonstrating convection?
The melting of polar ice caps due to climate change
The heating and cooling of air in a hot air balloon to make it float in the sky
The heating of a metal spoon when placed in a hot cup of coffee
The flow of hot air from a space heater in a room
Name the element that is most abundant in the Earth's core and is responsible for magnetism
Nickel
Iron
Gold
Magnesium
The core is made of
Iron and nickel metal
Peridotite
Gabbro and basalt
None of these
As compared to the crust of Earth, Earth's core is believed to be _________
More dense, cooler, and composed of less Iron
Greater in density, hotter, and composed of more Iron
Lower in density, hotter, and composed of less Iron
Lower in density, cooler, and composed of more Iron
Which of the following is used to study the interior of the Earth?
Metallic meteorites
Density calulations
Magnetic fields
All of the above
Earth's internal layer with the highest density is the _________
Oceanic crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
How does the material of the lithosphere behave?
As molten metal
As a solid that flows
As a brittle solid
As a liquid
What is the outermost mechanical layer of Earth?
Mesosphere
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere
Thermosphere
