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H-BIO_Unit 2 Cells Review

Total questions: 128

Worksheet time: 2hrs 0mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following cells contain the highest water potential?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

2.
If a student was going to draw an arrow indicating the solution from the highest water potential to the lowest water potential, the arrow would be pointing 
a)
from the left to the right
b)
from the right to the left
3.
A protein that is destined for the membrane would be made 
a)
on a ribosome that is in the cytoplasm
b)
within a lysosome
c)
on a ribosome attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum 
d)
within the Golgi body
4.
A protein that will be modified with carbohydrates will pass through 
a)
the lysosome and the rough ER
b)
the rough ER and the Golgi body
c)
the rough ER and smooth ER
d)
the Golgi body and the smooth ER
5.
Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
they are all the same
6.
In the membrane section seen, which section would represent the non-polar section of a protein?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
7.
Researchers inserted pieces of membrane with aquaporins into frog eggs and placed the eggs into a hypotonic solution.  What did they observe?
a)
The aquaporins started to pump out water
b)
The eggs started to pump out Na+ to draw out water
c)
The eggs started to swell rapidly as water diffused inside
d)
The aquaporins started to pump in water
8.
The area where Na+ ions are actively transported would be 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
9.
What area would have the lowest water potential?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
10.
Active transport is happening in 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D nowhere in this pricture
11.
1.  If the water potential of a cell is higher than the surrounding solution.  The water will ____.
a)
Move into the cell.
b)
Move equally in and out of the cell.
c)
Move out of the cell.
12.
Pure water has a water potential of ___.
a)
1
b)
0
c)
-1
d)
100
13.
Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Identify the approximate concentration of sucrose in the potato cells.
a)
0.13 M
b)
0.0 M
c)
0.4 M
d)
0.33 M
14.
Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Sucrose is too large of a molecule to cross the membrane of potato and carrot cells.  Which molecule caused the change in mass?
a)
water
b)
sucrose
c)
salt
d)
glucose
15.
Carrot and potato cores were placed in various sucrose solutions for 24 hours and the % change in mass was recorded and graphed.  The temperature in the room was 24 degrees celcius.  Sucrose is too large of a molecule to cross the membrane of potato and carrot cells.  Calculate the water potential for the carrot cells.  The ionization constant for sucrose is 1.0 M.  The pressure potential is 0.
a)
-8.1 bars
b)
-8.1 M
c)
8.1 bars
d)
-3.5 bars
16.
What is the approximate sucrose concentration in the potato core?
a)
.43 M
b)
.30 M
c)
0.0 M
d)
1.0 M
17.

The _____ is a densely packed area in a cell that contains the genetic material - DNA - for controlling the cell's activities.

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuole

18.

This outermost layer protects and supports the cells of plants and some other organisms.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Golgi Apparatus

19.

This structure surrounds the cytoplasm of all cells and controls what enters and leaves the cell.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Cellophane

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Cellulose

20.

This fluid in the cell is where the organelles are found. It contains water and chemicals the cell needs.

a)

Blood

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Plasma

d)

Vacuole

21.

These organelles convert the energy in food molecules to a form the cell can use.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Ribosomes

22.

These tiny cell structures assemble protein molecules from amino acids.

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Ribosomes

23.

These organelles in plants capture light energy and store it in glucose molecules to be used as food.

a)

Chloroplasts

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Vacuoles

24.

These organelles are used for storage. Plants have one that is very large and filled with water.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Nucleus

d)

Vacuole

25.
Main producer of ATP in all eukaryotes
a)
chloroplast
b)
mitochondria
c)
lysosome
d)
smooth er
26.
What are tiny organelles that convert glucose into ATP?
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Vesicles
c)
Cytoskeleton
d)
Mitochondria
27.
What makes the endoplasmic reticulum rough?
a)
Vessicles
b)
Vacuoles
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Chromosomes
28.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
mitochondrion
d)
golgi apparatus
29.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
30.
What is it called when molecules move across the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a carrier protein?
a)
Diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
31.
Solutes move with the concentration gradient, therefore no energy is used. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
32.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means...
a)
All materials can enter and leave the cell
b)
Certain things can enter while others cannot
c)
The cell manually sorts through all materials
d)
Only certain cells can interact with the cell.
33.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
34.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
35.
Which way would the purple molecules move through the semi permeable membrane?
a)
From the  A side  to the B-side
b)
From the B side to the A side
c)
None of the purple molecules would move
36.
A _______________ solution contains relatively more particles of solute than what is in the cell. An example we used in the lab is salt water.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Vesicle
c)
Hypotonic
37.
This shows:
a)
Facilitated diffusion
b)
Osmosis
c)
Endocytosis
38.
This shows:
a)
Equilibrium
b)
Hypertonic solution
c)
Hypotonic solution
39.
The inner membrane of this organelle is highly folded.  What is the advantage of this folding?
a)
It increases the amount of light absorbed by the organelle.
b)
It increases the structural support of the organelle.
c)
It increases the surface area, allowing greater ATP production.
d)
It increases the surface area and the rate of glucose production.
40.

What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

hydrophilic heads

d)

lipids

41.
Which of the following is responsible for getting large or charged (polar) molecules across the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
42.
Hydrophilic portion of cell membrane?
a)
A
b)
C
c)
D
d)
43.
Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?
a)
E
b)
B
c)
C
d)
44.

Hydrophobic means...

a)

water-loving

b)

water-fearing

c)

nonpolar

d)

lipid soluble

45.
Which molecule is too large to cross the cell membrane?
a)
water
b)
glucose
c)
O2
d)
starch
46.
What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?
a)
hypotonic solution
b)
hypertonic solution
c)
isotonic solution
d)
active transport
47.
What are three types of passive transport
a)
Transport proteins, Endocytosis, Exocytosis
b)
None of the ones listed
c)
Osmosis, Diffusion, Facilitated diffusion 
d)
Touchdown, interception, football
48.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
49.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
50.

_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Cytoplasm

51.

During osmosis

a)

water moves from high to low concentration

b)

large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane

c)

water moves when energy is used

d)

proteins are built

52.

In an isotonic solution which way will the water flow

a)

it will not flow at all

b)

it will flow into the cell

c)

it will flow both ways at equal rates

d)

out of the cell

53.

Which Type of solution is the middle cell placed in?

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

d)

Robotonic

54.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
55.

This egg has shrunk, what type of solution was it placed in?

a)

hypotonic solution

b)

hypertonic solution

c)

isotonic solution

56.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
57.

Fill in the blank:

Osmosis is the movement of ________ across a cell membrane from high to low.

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Starch

c)

Water

d)

Oxygen

58.

What is the role of ribosomes?

a)

To store genetic information.

b)

To produce glycolipids.

c)

To synthesize proteins.

d)

To hydrolyze waste materials.

59.

Which of the following is not found in all forms of life, and therefore is not evidence of the common ancestry of life?

a)

Nuclei

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Plasma Membranes

d)

Cytosol

60.

Which of the following is a difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

a)

Smooth ER exists in a part of the cell near the cell membrane, while rough ER exists in a part of the cell near the nucleus.

b)

Smooth ER is not studded by ribosomes, while rough ER is studded by ribosomes.

c)

Smooth ER is meant to compartmentalize the cell, while rough ER detoxifies and synthesizes lipids.

d)

Smooth ER is made without the additional help of proteins, whereas rough ER is made with the help of special proteins called reticuloproteins.

61.

Which of the following is the "receiving" side of the Golgi apparatus?

a)

cis

b)

trans

c)

gamma

d)

iota

62.

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

a)

Detoxification of the cell and lipid synthesis.

b)

Protein and rRNA synthesis.

c)

Synthesis of chemical energy (adenosine triphosphate).

d)

Chemical modification of newly synthesized proteins before they are packaged for trafficking to other parts of the cell or outside of the cell.

63.

In plants, what is the primary function of vacuoles?

a)

To maintain water pressure inside of the cell.

b)

To remove waste from inside of the cell.

c)

To store nutrients inside of the cell.

d)

To synthesize new membranes for the cell.

64.

Which of the following membrane-bound organelles is responsible for hydrolysis (using enzymes to break down macromolecules)?

a)

Vacuoles

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Peroxisomes

65.

Which of the following is a reason that cells are so small?

a)

Cells are small because they want to maximize their surface area-to-volume ratio.

b)

Cells are small because they want to maximize their volume-to-surface area ratio.

c)

Cells are small because they need to produce extremely small macromolecules.

d)

Cells are small because they prefer to work together in clusters of many thousands that wouldn't otherwise fit anywhere.

66.

Which of the following is one way that cells increase their surface area without increasing their size?

a)

Cells will often include perfectly spherical membranes.

b)

Cells will often include folds in their membranes.

c)

Cells will often include holes in their membranes.

d)

Cells will maximize their volume.

67.

Which of the following correctly describes hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of the cellular membrane?

a)

The hydrophobic region is made of phosphates, and the hydrophilic region is made of lipids.

b)

The hydrophobic region is 'water-loving', and the hydrophilic region is 'water-fearing'.

c)

The hydrophobic region is polar, and the hydrophilic region is non-polar.

d)

The hydrophobic region faces inward in the interior of the membrane, the hydrophilic region faces outwards towards the aqueous environment.

68.

Which of the following would need assistance moving through the plasma membrane?

a)

Nitrogen gas (N2)

b)

Oxygen gas (O2)

c)

Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2)

d)

Water

69.

Which of the following is a difference between passive and active transport?

a)

Passive transport moves molecules against their gradient, while active transport moves molecules with their gradient.

b)

Passive transport moves molecules with a direct input of energy, while active transport moves molecules without a direct input of energy.

c)

Passive transport moves molecules non-spontaneously, while active transport moves molecules spontaneously.

d)

Passive transport moves molecules without a direct input of energy, while active transport moves molecules with a direct input of energy.

70.

What is the primary role of aquaporins?

a)

To transport water across the membrane.

b)

To change the state of water from gas to liquid.

c)

To pump water into the mitochondria for cellular respiration.

d)

To use water for hydrolytic purposes.

71.

Which of the following describes a solution that has a higher concentration than the internal environment of the cell?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Isotonic

c)

Hypertonic

d)

Transtonic

72.

Which of the following describes the endosymbiotic theory?

a)

A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.

b)

A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.

c)

A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.

d)

A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.

73.

Which of the following membrane-bound organelles evolved from free-living prokaryotic cells?

a)

Nuclei and plasmids.

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts.

c)

Vacuoles and lysosomes.

d)

Centrioles and microtubules.

74.

According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, phospholipids___________________.

a)

can shift laterally along the plane of the membranee

b)

frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other

c)

occur in an uninterrupted bilayer, with membrane proteins restricted to the surface of the membrane

d)

have hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane

75.

Which of the following types of molecules are hydrophilic and therefore excluded from the hydrophobic portion of the phospholipid bilayer?

a)

transmembrane proteins

b)

integral membrane proteins

c)

peripheral proteins

d)

cholesterol

76.

Which of the following would likely diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?

a)

sucrose.

b)

an amino acid.

c)

O2.

d)

Na+.

77.

White blood cells engulf bacteria using _______________.

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

osmosis

d)

receptor-mediated exocytosis

78.

Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?

a)

a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids

b)

a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids

c)

a lower temperature

d)

a relatively high protein content in the membrane

79.

Assuming that the purple molecules are too large to pass through the membrane, what would happen to the water level as a result of osmosis?

a)

The water level would rise on the A side

b)

The water level would rise on the B side

c)

The water level would remain constant

d)

The water level would drop on the A side.

80.

Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP?

a)

Facilitated diffusion of chloride ions through a chloride channel.

b)

Movement of Na+ ions from lower concentration in a mammalian cell to a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid.

c)

Movement of glucose molecules into a bacteria cell from a medium containing a higher concentration of glucose than inside the cell.

d)

Movement of carbon dioxide out of a paramecium.

81.

An animal cell lacking in carbohydrates on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which function?

a)

transporting ions against an electrochemical gradient

b)

cell-cell recognition

c)

attaching the plasma membrane to the cytoskeleton

d)

establishing a diffusion barrier to charged molecules

82.
Plant cells have ___ for cell to cell communication.
a)
gap junctions
b)
plasmodesmata
c)
desmosomes
d)
tight junctions
83.
Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?
a)
central vacuole
b)
chloroplast
c)
wall made of cellulose
d)
mitochondrion
84.
A patient has had a serious accident and lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water-equal to the volume of blood lost-is transferred directly into one of his veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion?
a)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypertonic compared to the cells.
b)
The patient's red blood cells will shrivel up because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
c)
It will have no unfavorable effect as long as the water is free of viruses and bacteria.
d)
The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid has become hypotonic compared to the cells.
85.
Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?
a)
glycogen
b)
cellulose
c)
proteins
d)
lipids
86.
When a plant cell, such as one from a tulip stem, is submerged in a very hypotonic solution, what is likely to occur?
a)
The cell membrane will lyse.
b)
The cell will burst.
c)
The cell will become turgid.
d)
Plasmolysis will shrink the interior.
87.
The LDL receptor is an integral membrane protein that crosses the plasma membrane, with portions of the protein extending both outside and into the interior of the cell. The amino acid side chains (R groups) in the region of the protein that crosses the membrane are most likely
a)
charged
b)
hydrophilic
c)
hydrophobic
d)
carbohydrates
88.
Which of the following functions as a recognition site for interactions between cells?
a)
Phospholipids
b)
Cholesterol 
c)
Fatty acids
d)
Glycolipids
89.
Which statement about diffusion is false?
a)
Diffusion does not require ATP
b)
Simple diffusion depends upon specific carrier proteins
c)
In diffusion, molecules move from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration
d)
Diffusion continues until the molecular concentrations are in equilibrium
90.
If aquaporins are injected into the membranes of epithelial cells that line blood vessels,
a)
the flow of Na+ through aquaporins will increase
b)
the intracellular concentration of K+ will increase
c)
the membranes will become more permeable to water
d)
the electrical properties of the cells will be altered
91.
In a hypothetical study, cells are placed in a solution of glucose in which the concentration of glucose is gradually increased. At first, the rate at which glucose enters the cells is found to increase as the concentration of the glucose solution is increased. But when the glucose concentration of the solution is increased above 10 M, the rate no longer increases. Which of the following is the likely mechanism for glucose transport into these cells?
a)
Facilitated diffusion via a carrier protein
b)
Facilitated diffusion via a channel protein
c)
Pinocytosis
d)
Tertiary active transport
92.

If a cells Ψp\Psi p = 3 bars and its  Ψs\Psi s = -4.5 bars, what is the resulting  Ψ\Psi  ?

a)

-7.5

b)

7.5

c)

-1.5

d)

1.5

93.

A cell with a water potential of -1.5 bars is placed in a beaker of sugar water with Ψs\Psi s  = -4.0 bars.  In which direction will the net flow of water be?

a)

Out of the cell

b)

Into the cell

c)

Both into and out of the cell

d)

Neither into nor out of the cell

94.

A plant cell with a Ψs\Psi s  of -7.5 bars keeps a constant volume when immersed in an open-beaker solution that has a  Ψs\Psi s  of -4 bars.  What is the cells  Ψp\Psi p  ?

a)

-4

b)

-7.5

c)

-3.5

d)

3.5

95.

What is the Ψs\Psi s   of a 1.0M sugar solution at 22 °\degree C under standard atmospheric conditions?

a)

-24.5 bars

b)

24.5 bars

c)

-2.45

d)

2.45

96.

The substance that dissolves to make a solution is called the ___________________

a)

diffuser

b)

solvent

c)

solute

d)

concentrate

97.

Which of the following forms of transport do not require the cell to use energy (ATP)

a)

Active Transport

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Diffusion

d)

Osmosis

e)

Endocytosis

98.

Which of the following forms of transport DO require the cell to use energy (ATP)

a)

Active Transport

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Osmosis

e)

Endocytosis

99.

During diffusion molecules tend to move

a)

up the concentration gradient

b)

in a direction that doesn't depend on concentration

c)

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

100.

The cell uses __________ to transport waste out of the cell.

a)

passive transport

b)

diffusion

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

101.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called ______

a)

active trasport

b)

passive transport

c)

osmosis

d)

endocytosis

102.

A cell must expend energy to transport substances using ___________

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

active transport

d)

passive transport

103.

White blood cells engulf (take in), digest, and destroy invading bacteria using ________

a)

passive transport

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

osmosis

104.

What type of cell transport is being show in the picture.

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

105.

What type of cell transport is being show in the picture.

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

106.

What type of cell transport is being show in the picture.

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

107.

What type of cell transport is being show in the picture.

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

108.

If the solute (dots) in this diagram are unable to pass through the dividing membrane, what will happen?

a)

The water level will rise on the right side of the tube.

b)

The water level will rise on the left side of the tube.

c)

The water level will stay the same.

109.

What is the movement of small particles across a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane until equilibrium is reached? 

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Facilitated Diffusion

d)

Ion Channel

110.

What is the term to describe maintaining internal balance in the cell? 

a)

Diffusion

b)

Homeostasis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Active transport

111.

Which of these is not a form of passive transport?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

112.

What is the process of moving water from high to low concentrations through the cell membrane?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

113.

Which process moves molecules from low to high concentration?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Facilitated diffusion

d)

Active transport

114.

What type of active transport does waste move out of the cell?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Sodium Potassium Pump

d)

Diffusion

115.

What type of active transport does food move into the cell?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Sodium Potassium Pump

d)

Diffusion

116.

Active transport requires

a)

A concentration gradient

b)

Osmosis

c)

Energy

d)

Hypertonic solution

117.

What is the job of the cell membrane?

a)

Make proteins

b)

Fold proteins

c)

Direct cell's activities

d)

Allow things in and out of the cell

118.

The picture shows

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

119.

The picture shows

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

120.

Which type of transport goes from low concentration to high concentration using ATP energy?

a)

active transport

b)

passive transport

121.

What type of transport is occurring in the diagram?

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

active transport

122.

Diffusion is a form of __________ transport.

a)

Passive

b)

Active

c)

Easy

d)

Free

123.

Passive Transport uses ____ energy

a)

no

b)

a lot of

c)

a little bit of

d)

some

124.

_____________ is the free movement of particles across the membrane with the concentration gradient

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

active transport

d)

fusion

125.

The general name for movement of substances across cell membranes without need of energy input

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

126.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
127.

Some cells move large particles out of the cell through the process of:

a)

Protein Synthesis

b)

Endocytosis

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Cytoplasmic Streaming

128.
In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion 
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis